Science Inquiry 2

Science Inquiry 2

• 1.
  Science Inquiry Performing the Experiment Collecting& Presenting Data
• 2.
  In your labnotebook, please answer as best you can: 1. What are the four MAIN steps of the Scientific Method? • Observation, Hypothesis, Experiment, Conclusion 2. What happens during the FIRST step of the Scientific Method? • Observe the world around you, recognize a problem/curiosity, ask a testable question, and gather background information 3. What is an “If…, then…, because…” statement that gives an educated guess to the scientific question being investigated? • Hypothesis 4. What are the things in an experiment that will change called? • Variables 4. Name what IV and DV stand for and explain what they are. • IV = Independent Variable, the thing you choose to test/change (cause) • DV = Dependent Variable, the measured response to the IV (effect) Bonus Q: What are the things in an experiment that do NOT change called & why are they important? Review Quiz 13
• 3.
  Bias in ScientificResearch • Hypothesizing requires speculation – bias is an assumed belief that affect the way you see and understand things – bias is always present when formulating a hypothesis • The Scientific Method forces only the facts to be considered – seeks to eliminate variables that can skew results – encourages collaboration & accountability • shared results, repeated studies – still, bias is ALWAYS present & affects many research outcomes
• 4.
  The Scientific Method- Experiment • What will you need to perform your experiment? – List of materials • Fine-tune your list, plan ahead • Remember safety equipment • HOW will you perform the experiment? – Step-by-step procedure • Specific and detailed! • Include method of data collection – DEMO: Build a Model
• 5.
  Lab Safety • Read,listen, and follow directions carefully. • NO gum, food or drinks during lab time. • Proper attire (shoes, hair, protective items). – Goggles, labs coats & gloves will be provided. • Eyewash sink (for skin, too). • Fumes. • Clean-up (proper disposal). *NOT down the drain*
• 6.
  The Scientific Method– Performing the Experiment • Write down your: –Modified List of Materials • Add to or remove items from your previous list • Plan on enough materials for MULTIPLE TRIALS • Include safety gear/supplies –Detailed List of Procedures • Step-by-step • Numbered list • Objective (measurable) data collection • Planned ahead with written instructions, but edit in detail as the experiment is performed
• 7.
  State the Problem (asa ?) Do Background Research "Best Guess" Solution Design (Materials & Procedures) Perform (Collect & Analyze Data) Report Results Hypothesis is False or Partly True Hypothesis is True Revise! Try Again Conclusion Experiment Hypothesis Observation
• 8.
  Experiment Procedures • Toperform an experiment, you need written procedures. Why? – to record EXACTLY what you did • Detailed, step-by-step instructions • Specific list of materials (name brand of soap used, etc.) – so it can be repeated (by you or others)
• 9.
  Experiment Data Collection •As you perform the experiment, observations and data must be recorded. – measurements listed in a chart – written observations – drawings – photos Magnet Type (Independent Variable) Distance to Paper Clip (cm) (Dependent Variable) N Pole Trial 1 Trial 2 S Pole Trial 1 Trial 2 Midway between N & S Ceramic bar Neodymium disc Oval hematite
• 10.
  The Scientific Method- Conclusion • Next, an analysis of the data is required: – numbers, observations, and measurements are broken down, organized, and studied to gain better understanding – patterns often emerge, showing cause-and-effect relationships • After analyzing your data, you form a CONCLUSION – The measurements, when compared, showed an average 1.6 mm difference in length and .8 mm difference in width. – The cast was almost identical in shape, but did not fit into the mold of the hypothesized animal because it was 7 mm smaller in width and 4 mm shorter length-wise. – This supports the hypothesis that the animal tracks were made by...
• 11.
  The Scientific Method •If hypothesis is rejected – modify and repeat • If hypothesis is supported – repeat to verify results – share findings and let others perform the experiment • Either way, something was learned! – NEVER make up results simply because you think it was “supposed” to go differently
• 12.
  State the Problem (asa ?) Do Background Research "Best Guess" Solution Design (Materials & Procedures) Perform (Collect & Analyze Data) Report Results Hypothesis is False or Partly True Hypothesis is True Revise! Try Again Conclusion Experiment Hypothesis Observation
• 13.
  F = Gm1m2 r2 Fact- Theory - Law • Fact: – an objective, verifiable observation of something that occurs in our natural world – i.e. gravity, natural selection, heat exchange • Theory: – an explanation of how natural occurrences work • it can be repeated, and tested with predictable results • a hypothesis that is proven correct often explains part of theory – i.e. Theory of Gravity, Theory of Evolution, Kinetic Theory of Matter • Law: – a mathematical description of observable phenomenon – i.e. Newton's First Law of Universal Gravitation