6. Comets - balls of ice and rock with elliptical orbits around the Sun which develop long tails as they near the Sun
7. Asteroids and Meteoroids - small rocky objects orbiting the Sun, which can collide with planets, moons or other objects
8. Dwarf Planets - larger than asteroids but smaller than planets
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10. History of Astronomy 2000 BC - Stonehenge & Mayan temples show ancient civilizations studied the night sky Early calendars developed based on lunar cycles 200 AD - Greek astronomers (Ptolemy, Aristotle, etc.) map 1000's of stars Geocentric view of the universe 1543 AD - Copernicus writes On the Revolution of Heavenly Bodies Heliocentric view of the universe presented but not accepted 1580 to 1597 - Tycho Brahe and Johannes Kepler study the motion of planets 1609 AD - Galileo studies the night sky with a telescope (he didn't invent it) 1686 AD - Sir Isaac Newton formulates his Universal Law of Gravitation Heliocentric view gains popularity 1900's - Space exploration begins (space shuttle missions, ISS, Hubble space telescope)
11. How Does it All Fit Together? The Solar System is like a family Different members, each unique, some close and others distant Gravity is the "love" that holds them all together. (awwwww) Sun is center of our solar system. Who does your family revolve around? The solar system is just one among many in the Milky Way, just like there are many families in your community?
12. What is The Universe? What is Space? What keeps our solar system in place? How did everything get where it is today?
13. Motion, Gravity and Orbit What keeps the Earth spinning around the sun? NEWTON'SFIRST LAW OF MOTION The velocity of an object will not change unless the object is acted on by an outside force. What forces act on objects on Earth? In space? Friction Gravity Collision Slope
14. Motion, Gravity and Orbit What keeps the Earth spinning around the sun? NEWTON'S LAW OF GRAVITY All objects with mass are attracted to one another by a gravitational force. If you've got "stuff" (mass) then you've got "love" (gravitational attraction). The gravitational force between two masses is directly proportional to the mass of each object. The bigger your "stuff," the bigger your "love." The gravitational force between two masses is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between those two objects. The more space between your "stuff" and mine, the less "love" there is between us, (a.k.a. distance does NOT make the heart grow fonder).
15. Gravity NEWTON'S UNIVERSAL LAW OF GRAVITY: G=6.672x10-11 (Universal Gravitational Constant) Fg measured in Newtons (N)
16. Motion, Gravity and Orbit Newton's Cannon What keeps the Earth spinning around the sun? NEWTON'SCANNON The velocity of an object will not change unless the object is acted on by an outside force.
17. What is The Universe? What is Space? What keeps our solar system in place? How did everything get where it is today?
18. Origins of the Universe The Big Bang 14-15 billion years ago All matter, hot & dense, contained in a bubble the size of an atom Sudden explosion, rapid/continuous expansion (red shift) Expansion brings cooling, energy changes into matter (atoms) Hydrogen and helium clouds form into stars Clusters of stars become galaxies which may collide with other galaxies Planets formed as stars run out of fuel and explode into Supernovas
19. What Started the Big Bang? In the beginning, God created the heavens and the earth. The earth was without form and void, and darkness was over the face of the deep. And the Spirit of God was hovering over the face of the waters. And God said, "Let there be light," and there was light. And God saw that the light was good. And God separated the light from the darkness. God called the light Day, and the darkness he called Night. And there was evening and there was morning, the first day. And God said, "Let there be an expanse in the midst of the waters, and let it separate the waters from the waters." And God made the expanse and separated the waters that were under the expanse from the waters that were above the expanse. And it was so. And God called the expanse Heaven. And there was evening and there was morning, the second day. Many scientists believe this is nothing more than a myth, created by ancient civilizations to explain what they did not understand because of their lack of scientific knowledge. Is it possible these two theories might BOTH have some truth to them?
