Natural Resource - Nonrenewable

1. Preserving Earth’s Cycles
Managing Natural Resources

2. In your lab notebook, please answer as best you can:
1. Anything naturally occurring on our planet that is useful to humans is a:
• Natural Resource
1. Name at least 5 renewable resources the earth provides.
• Air (oxygen), Water (drinking, agriculture, hydropower)
• Living things (plants, animals, biomass energy), Land (for growing things)
• Sun (warmth, plant growth, solar energy), Wind (power), Geothermal energy
3. True or False: A nonrenewable resource is a substance or product that
is used up faster than it is able to be replenished through natural
processes.
• True
• Pollution that comes from a specific, identifiable location is called:
• Point Source Pollution
• Plant and animal products which are used to heat homes, generate
electricity, or create plant-based fuels for automobiles are called:
• Biomass
Bonus Question: Why is biodiversity important?
For ecosystem stability, medical discoveries, economic development
Week 10
Review Quiz

3. Nonrenewable Resources
• Resources being used up faster than they can be
replaced by natural processes are called
nonrenewable.
– Fossil Fuels
• 66% of electricity in the U.S. was generated from burning
coal & natural gas in 2015
– Minerals
• Metals (copper, gold, bauxite)
• Nonmetals (clay, diamonds, graphite)
• Radioactive elements
– Land
• Human use (building/recreation/garbage)

4. Fossil Fuels
• Coal
– mined out of the ground
• Natural gas
– flammable methane gas
– found near petroleum,
underground
• Oil
– liquid found underground
between folds of rock

5. Fossil Fuel Deposits
• Natural Gas often
found on top of oil
• Oil rises up to
float above water
• “Pockets” of fossil
fuels where
tectonic plate
folding and
faulting occur

7. Fossil Fuels
• Coal
– burned for electricity, heat, and in
factories
• Natural gas
– used to heat homes, generate
electricity, & for manufacturing
• Oil
– Gasoline & Diesel fuel
• for transportation (cars, trucks,
airplanes, ships, trains)
– Lubricants
• petroleum jelly, grease, engine oil
– Plastics
– Asphalt
• paved roads, parking lots, etc.
– Kerosene, propane, butane
• burned for light/heat

8. Products Made from Petroleum-based Chemicals
Antihistamines Credit Cards Ink Surfboards
Antiseptics Dentures Insecticides Surgical Equipment
Antibiotics Deodorant Lipstick Syringes
Artificial Limbs Diapers Medical Equipment Telephones
Aspirin Dinnerware Nylon Rope Tennis Balls
Balloons DVDs Pacemakers Tennis Rackets
Bandages Dyes Pantyhose Tennis Shoes
Cameras Eyeglass Frames Perfumes Tents
Candles Fertilizers Photographic Film Toothbrushes
Clothing Food Preservatives Piano Keys Toothpaste
Computers Footballs Plastics Toys
Cough Syrup Glue Shampoo Tranquilizers
Cosmetics Golf Balls Shaving Cream Umbrellas
Crayons
Heart Valve
Replacements
Soft Contact
Lenses
Vitamin Capsules

9. AIR POLLUTION
• An increase in the content of harmful
substances (pollutants) in the lower atmosphere.
– Where do pollutants come from?
• Emissions
– vehicles
– manufacturing plants
– Charcoal grills, lawnmowers
• Photochemical smog
• Ozone loss
– CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons)
• Smoke
– forest fires, wood stoves, etc.
• Natural disasters
– volcanic eruptions, fires, earthquakes

12. • Humans/animals
– respiratory & renal problems
– high blood pressure
– problems of nervous system
– eye irritation
– cancer
• Plants
– reduced growth
– degeneration of chlorophyll
• mottling of leaves (patches/
spots of color)
• Acid rain
• Greenhouse effect
• Ozone layer destruction
Consequences of Air Pollution

13. Land/Soil
• Soil for growing food
(crops/livestock)
– loamy soil is best
• holds water but allows
for drainage
• rich in nutrients &
organic material
• Land for building & development
• Land for recreation
(parks/pools/preservation)

14. Minerals
– Precious metals
• Gold, silver, platinum
– Precious & semi-precious gems
• Diamonds, rubies, emeralds
– Building/manufacturing materials
• marble, limestone
• sand, gravel, silicon
• iron ore, zinc, lead, copper
• sulfur, talc
– Radioactive substances
• Uranium, radium, plutonium
– Food additives
• salt, calcium, magnesium, zinc

15. • Agricultural use of chemical
fertilizers & pesticides
– can kill organisms (decomposers)
that help replenish healthy soil
SOIL POLLUTION
• Landfills, septic
systems, nuclear &
industrial waste
– buried chemicals/toxins
dissolve into soil/water

17. • Clear-cutting forested areas, construction zones
– leads to erosion & leaching of soil nutrients
– can eliminate of beneficial microbes
• Impervious surfaces (cement/asphalt)
– storm water runoff carries pollutants into soil/water
– bioswales help filter naturally
SOIL POLLUTION

18. What is Energy?
• Energy is the ability to do work or cause change
– measured in units of Joules (J)
• Examples:
– sun melts ice cream
– car engine burns gas
– electricity powers a
blender
– batteries run a flashlight
– food enables us to run
– a carpenter swings a
hammer
– trains pull boxcars
– a tornado rips off a roof
– wood stoves warm houses

19. Forms of Energy
– Thermal Energy (heat)
• faster moving atoms collide more often
and cause higher temperatures
• i.e. water boils on the stove
– Chemical Energy (stored in atomic bonds)
• heat/light/sound is released during
chemical reactions
• i.e. your body gains energy after eating
– Electrical Energy (movement of electrons)
• the flow of electrons is converted into
heat, light, sound or movement
• i.e. hair dryer, radio, light bulb, MAX train

20. Forms of Energy
– Radiant Energy (waves)
• electromagnetic waves carry energy
that our bodies interpret as heat, light
or sound
• i.e. sunlight, radio transmissions,
microwave ovens, x-ray machines
– Nuclear Energy (stored in atomic nuclei)
• nuclear fission & fusion occurs when
protons & neutrons are split apart or
forced together, releasing huge
amounts of energy
• i.e. nuclear reactors, the sun & stars,
radioactive elements, geothermal heat

21. Law of Conservation of Energy
• Energy cannot be created or destroyed
(1st
Law of Thermodynamics)
– it can only be converted from one form to another
– the total energy in a system must remain constant

22. Energy
Resources
Renewable
• Won't run out - can be
replaced/replenished
– Solar & Geothermal
– Wind & Hydroelectric
– Biomass
– WaveNon-Renewable
• Limited supply -
once it's used up,
it's gone for good
– Fossil Fuels
• Petroleum
• Natural Gas
• Coal
– Nuclear

23. Renewable Energy
• Biomass
• Solar
• Geothermal
• Wind
• Hydroelectric
• Wave

24. Nonrenewable Energy Coal Plant
Petroleum
Wells
Natural Gas Pipeline
Nuclear Reactors
Fossil Fuels are formed by decomposition,
heat & pressure acting on buried dead
organisms over long periods of time
• Petroleum (crude oil)
• Natural Gas, propane, kerosene
• Coal, asphalt, tar
• Paraffin wax, methane gas
• Motor oil, grease, petroleum jelly

25. Energy Consumption

26. Per Capita Oil Consumption