The document summarizes a seminar presentation on brain-computer interfaces. It discusses what a BCI is, provides a brief history of BCIs, and outlines the contents to be covered, including the mechanism of BCIs, applications, challenges, and the future of the technology. It also provides references used in the presentation. The presentation aims to introduce various aspects of BCIs, including structure, applications, promises for information technology, and challenges that need to be addressed for BCI to become more successful and widely used.

1. Seminar
On
“Brain Computer Interface: Next Generation of Human Computer
Interaction”
By
Suraj S.Kasture
(Final Year A-Section)
Under the guidance of
Prof. A. P. Jadhao
Department Of Computer Science and Engineering
Jawaharlal Darda Institute of Engineering & Technology,
Yavatmal, (M.S), India-445001
Session 2013-14

2. Contents
 Introduction
 Literature Review
 Mechanism Of BCI
 Significance And Relevance Of BCI Technology
 BCI Application
 Challenges For BCI
 The Future Of BCI Technologies
 Conclusion

3. Introduction
 What is Brain Computer Interface?
 It is a communication channel from a human's brain to a computer,
which does not resort to the usual human output pathways as
muscles.
Figure : Traditional HCI System

4. History Of BCI
 Hans Berger in 1929 on a device that later came to
be known as electroencephalogram (EEG), which
could record electrical potentials generated by brain
activity.
The Human Brain
 The brain is undoubtedly the most complex organ
found among the carbon-based life forms.
 The average human brain weights around 1400
grams. The most relevant part of brain concerning
BMI„s is the cerebral cortex.


5. Electroencephalography
 Electroencephalography (EEG) is a method used in
measuring the electrical activity of the brain.
Figure 3.1: EEG Equipment

6.  Scope of BCI Applications
 BCI as human computer interaction technique we can have
fastest computer system than we ever had because BCI does
not contains manual information transfer at all.
Figure : Different Ways To Interact With Computer.

7. Literature Review
Existing HCI Technologies
 Human brain and the EEG in order to design a BMI.
 pattern recognition approach is based on cognitive
mental tasks.
 operant conditioning approach is based on the selfregulation of the EEG response
 The user activity has three different levels: physical,
cognitive and affective.

8. Recent Advances in HCI
 Intelligent and Adaptive HCI
 Ubiquitous Computing and Ambient Intelligence
Figure : Canasta Virtual Keyboard

9. Mechanism Of BCI
Architecture of Brain
 As per Neurology, science related to brain structure
and other aspects or brain, our brain contains special
types of cells called neurons. We have intelligence due
to specific arrangement of neurons in our brain.
Reading brain using Electroencephalography
(EEG)
 EEG, study of brain signals, is a technique which
makes us capable to read the potential pattern develops
in our brain.
 EEG is core technique behind BCI.

10. Abstract view of BCI system
Thinking in Brain
Reading Brain by EEG
Analysis of EEG spectrum
Recognizing EEG spectrum
Converting into suitable computer signal
Sending the signals to computer system
Feedback to User

11. Figure : Components of a BCI system

12. Significance And Relevance Of BCI
Technology
BCI and Web Technology
 A very prominent benefit of a web-application over a
desktop application is that it is platform as well as
devices independent.
 Advance web technologies like Cloud Computing in
conjunction with Mobile technology has potential to
change the shape of our work place from desktop based
to web and mobile based.
 BCI in Medical Science
 BCI has a large range of applications in medical science
ranging from brain treatment to neuroprosthesis.

13. BCI vs. Eco friendly IT
BCI system facilitates operating of a computer
system without having a large number of
accessories it makes a computer system very
highly Eco-friendly.
 BCI and Society
BCI has a very promising future for those who
cannot use computer system due to their physical
limitation or they are not able to understand the
terminology. Since BCI does not require any
physical connection.

14. BCI Applications
The Mental Typewriter
BCI offers paralyzed patients improved
quality of life
Military Applications

15. Challenges For BCI
Noise Filtering
Clustering of Neuron
Signal Acquisition
User Interface Design

16. The Future Of BCI Technologies
 Future task-oriented BCIs, based on advances in sensor
technologies, analysis algorithms, artificial intelligence,
multi-aspect sensing of the brain, behavior, and
environment through pervasive technologies, and
computing algorithms, will be capable of collecting and
analyzing brain data for extended time periods and are
expected to become prevalent in many aspects of daily
life. If and when brain-sensing technologies are worn
during portions of people‟s daily lives, the possibility of
using the BCI infrastructure for “opportunistic”
applications arises.

17. Conclusion
 In this seminar I presents various aspects of BCI system
inclusion its structure, applications and promises to IT world.
Various challenges which need to address for making BCI a
successful and consumable technology. The main motivation of
the seminar is to bring this new emerging technology to the
front BCI development depends on close interdisciplinary
cooperation between neuroscientists, engineers, psychologists,
computer scientists, and rehabilitation specialists. BMI„s will
have the ability to give people back their vision and hearing.
They will also change the way a person looks at the world.

18. References
[1] FakhreddineKarray et.al”Human-Computer Interaction: Overview on State
of the Art” International journal on smart sensing and intelligent systems,
VOL. 1, NO. 1, MARCH 2008, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
[2] Sandeepkumar And MedhaSharma,”BCI: Next Generation for HCI”,
International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and
Software Engineering,Volume 2, Issue 3, March 2012
[3] Ros T, Munneke MA et.al”Endogenous control of waking brain rhythms
induces neuroplasticity in humans”, European Journal of Neuroscience
Volume 31, Issue 4, pages 770–778, February 2010
[4] C Neuper,G.R Müller et.al”Clinical application of an EEG-based brain–
computer interface: a case study in a patient with severe motor
impairment”, Clinical Neurophysiology Volume 114, Issue 3 , Pages 399409, March 2003

19. [5] Honda, ATR and Shimadzu Jointly Develop Brain-Machine Interface
Technology Enabling Control of a Robot by Human Thought Alone, Honda
News Release, March 31, 2009
[6] Azevedo, Frederico; Carvalho,et. al. (2009). "Equal numbers of neuronal
and nonneuronal cells make the human brain an isometrically scaled-up
primate brain". The Journal of Comparative Neurology
[7] The human brain in numbers: a linearly scaled-up primate brain, Frontiers
In Human NeuroscienceRetrieved May 11, 2011.
[8] M. Teplan, Fundamentals of EEG measurement‖, institute of measurement
science, slovak academy of sciences, slovakia, measurement science
review, volume 2, section 2, 2002
[9] D. B. Ryan; G. E. Frye; G. Townsend; D. R. Berry; S. Mesa-G; N. A.
Gates; E. W. Sellers, Predictive Spelling With a P300-Based BrainComputer Interface: Increasing the Rate of Communication, IJHCI 201012-30 Volume 27 Issue 1

20. [10] Doron Friedman; Robert Leeb; GertPfurtscheller; Mel Slater,
Human-Computer Interface Issues in Controlling Virtual Reality
With Brain-Computer Interface, HCI 2010 Volume 25 Issue 1
[11] Andrew T. Campbell, TanzeemChoudhury et.al NeuroPhone:
Brain-Mobile Phone Interface using a Wireless EEG Headset,
MobiHeld 2010, August 30, 2010, New Delhi, India.
[12] Molina, G.G.; Tsoneva, T.; Nijholt, A.; Philips Res. Eur.,
Eindhoven, Netherlands, Emotional brain-computer interfaces, 3rd
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