This document discusses brain computer interfaces (BCI). It begins by providing background on early pioneers in the field like Hans Berger in the 1920s-1950s. It then discusses some key BCI developments from the 1990s to present day, including devices that allow paralyzed individuals to control prosthetics or computers using brain signals. The document outlines the basic hardware and principles of how BCIs work by interpreting brain signals to control external devices. It discusses potential applications like internet browsing, gaming, or prosthetic limb control. The benefits and disadvantages of BCIs are noted, and the future possibilities of using BCIs to enhance human abilities are explored.

1. Brain Computer
Interface
Fathima Mubashira K
S5, EC
AKNM Polytechnic
Thirurangadi
26-09-2016

2. paralyzed Person?
Can we
enhance our
strength?
Empower
skills of
soldiers?

3. Hans Berger
1924
1939
Hans Berger - 1950
1999

4. 2002, Jens Naumann, a
man with acquired
blindness, being
interviewed about his
vision BCI on CBS's The
Early Show
2001: NeuroPort ™.
2004: Cyberkinetics’s
BrainGate™
2001: Matthew Nagle

5. 2011: Started implanting on a commercial basis in India

6. How this works?

7. Know your BRAIN !!

8. Nervous system sends ‘electric signals’
for sensation and perception.

9. Brain Computer Interface (BCI)

10. Direct communication pathway between an
enhanced or wired brain and an external device.
They offers an alternative to natural
communication and control

11. Principle:
The generated brain signals are interpreted using a
computer software which converts and transmits the
information to the implanted artificial organs.

15. Cursor movements

16. HARDWARE COMPONENTS
1 Brain Chip
2 Connector
3 Converter
4 Computer

17. BRAIN IMPLANT
• Enhance capability of
human organs and senses
• Role in future genetic
engineering fields and
neuro science
super human artificial
intelligence

18. Interface
• Electroencephalograph (EEG) attached to the scalp.
• The electrodes can read brain signals.
• To get a higher resolution signal, scientists
can implant electrodes directly into the
gray matter of the brain itself, or on the
surface of the brain, beneath the skull.

19.  Navigate Internet.
 Play Computer Games.
 Turn Lights On and Off.
 Control Television.
 Control Robotic Arm.
Applications:

20. 1. Allow paralyzed people to control prosthetic limbs with
their mind.
2. Allow gamers to control video games with their minds.
3. Allow a mute person to have their thoughts displayed and
spoken by a computer.
Uses

21. 4. It acts as sensors that may soon assist failing memory,
but even provide fluency in a new language
5. For lie detecting test
6. Mental Typewriter.

22. Benefits of Brain Chips
 It will increase the dynamic ranging of senses.
 It will give light to blind and give paralyzed patients
full mental control of limbs.
 No genetic modifications in the next generation.
 Rescue missions (remote controlled rat).

23. Disadvantages:
 Research is still in the beginning stages.
 The current technology is crude.
 Ethical issues may prevent its development.
 Electrodes outside of the skull can detect very few electric signals
from the brain.
 Electrodes placed inside the skull create scar tissue in the brain

24. Future of brain chips
 It will enhance memory.
 It might enable “cyberthink”- invisible communication.
 Enable consistent and constant access to information where and
when needed.
 It will increase the dynamic range of senses, enabling, for
example, seeing IR, UV, and chemical spectra.

25. Conclusion
 Helps the patients who cannot perform even simple actions
without the help of another person.
 Such paitents are able to do things like checking
e-mails, turn the TV on or off, and control a prosthetic
arm with just their thoughts.
 Future of genetic and nuero-engineering

28. • http://biomed.brown.edu/Courses/BI108/BI108_2005_Groups/03/hist.htm
• http://www.slideshare.net/komal_maloo/brain-computer-interface-11822630
• http://www.oxfordscholarship.com/view/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195388855.001
.0001/acprof-9780195388855
• http://news.discovery.com/autos/tags/brain-computer-interface.htm
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain%E2%80%93computer_interface
References