Downloaded 283 times
Uploaded byTing-Shuo Yo
Introduction to BCI
This document provides a short introduction to brain-computer interfaces (BCI). It defines BCI as a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device. The history of BCI is discussed, including early EEG recordings in the 1920s and animal studies in the 1970s-1980s. The document describes the different types of BCI as invasive, partially invasive, and non-invasive. It focuses on EEG as the most studied non-invasive method and discusses its use in commercial BCI systems and challenges in translating brain signals to device control. Hands-on examples with Neurosky and Necomimi BCI devices are presented to demonstrate current applications.
In this document
Powered by AI
Overview of BCI, including definitions, history, and types of interfaces.
BCI is a direct communication pathway between the brain and external devices, known as mind-machine or brain-machine interface.
First EEG by Hans Berger in 1924; key animal studies in the 1970s and 1980s at Universities of Washington and Johns Hopkins.
Covers invasive, partially invasive, and non-invasive BCIs, detailing methods and technologies such as EEG, MEG, MRI.
Details of EEG technology, explaining brain wave types—Delta, Theta, Alpha, and Beta—and their corresponding mental states.
Commercial products like BrainGate and software developments by companies including Neural Impulse Actuator and NeuroSky.
Obstacles in translating brain signals to actions and the aim for a natural user interface.
Hands-on experiences with BCI applications like Tan Le's demonstration, Neurosky devices, and Neurowear's Necomimi.
Final note of appreciation and closure of the presentation.
More Related Content
Similar to Introduction to BCI
Introduction to BCI
- 1. A Short Introductionto BRAIN COMPUTER INTERFACE
- 2. Outline • Definitions • History • Types • EEG • Commercialization • Outlook • Hands on!
- 3. Definitions • Brain–computer interface(BCI) • A direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device • A.K.A. – mind-machine interface (MMI) – direct neural interface – brain–machine interface (BMI)
- 4.
- 5. History • Hans Berger – First EEG recording in 1924 – Find oscillation activity: alpha wave (8-12Hz)
- 6. History • Animal Study – 1970s University of Washington School of Medicine in Seattle – 1980s Johns Hopkins University
- 7. Types • Invasive – Put the whole module into the brain • Partially Invasive – Attach sensors on the surface of the brain • Non-invasive – Leave everything outside of the skull
- 8. Invasive BCI • Sci-Fi – “Plug in” to human central neural system – Qualia: subjective feelings • Real world – Vision • William Dobelle – Movement • Robotic arms
- 9. Partially Invasive BCI •Electrode on the brain surface – Better signals – Lower risks
- 10. Non-Invasive BCI • EEG – the electrical activity along the scalp • MEG – the magnetic fields produced by brain • MRI – Use nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to image nuclei of atoms inside the body
- 11. MRI • Magnetic resonanceimaging – uses a powerful magnetic field to systematically alter the alignment of this magnetization – causes the nuclei to produce a rotating magnetic field which can be detected
- 12. MEG • Magnetoencephalography – Record magnetic fields produced by electrical currents occurring naturally in the brain – SQUIDs (superconducting quantum interference devices)
- 13. EEG • Electroencephalography – the most studied – fine temporal resolution – ease of use – portability – low set-up cost
- 14. EEG Measurement • Measurethe “wave” generated by the brain
- 15. Brain Waves • DifferentBrain waves 腦波種類 腦波頻率 心理及活動狀態 Delta 0.1Hz ~ 3Hz 深度睡眠、無意識狀態 Theta 4Hz ~ 7Hz 想像力活躍的狀態，幻想、回想，以及作夢 安靜、清醒、放鬆的狀態，但沒有到昏昏欲睡 Alpha 8Hz ~ 12Hz 的程度 Low Beta 12Hz ~ 15Hz 放鬆，但是注意力集中 Midrange Beta 16Hz ~ 20Hz 思考中，並且意識到自身和環境的變化 High Beta 21Hz ~ 30Hz 警戒、焦慮的狀態
- 16. Brain Waves • DifferentBrain waves Delta Theta Alpha Beta
- 17. Commercialization • BrainGate – Cyberkinetics – Neural Signals • For PC users – Neural Impulse Actuator (April, 2008) – Emotiv Systems (December, 2009) – NeuroSky (2009-)
- 18.
- 19. Toward a NaturalUser Interface • Signal Acquisition – Non-intrusive • Signal Processing – Convert what we measured to bits and bytes • Translation – Convert intention to action
- 20. Challenges of BCIto NUI • Lost in Translation 1. What is in your mind? 2. How is your brain work? 3. What are the corresponding EEG patterns? Brain Activity EEG Thoughts
- 21. Outlook • Artificial SensoryChannel – Hearing – Vision – Motion – Neural disorder control • Portable, non-invasive BCI is not yet intuitive – Need to solve translation problems
- 22. Tan Le fromEmotive System • Tan Le 展示一個影響深遠 應用程式，只需要運用意 念和一點專注力，這令人 耳目一新的電腦界面可以 透過頭戴式耳機來解讀使 用者的大腦電波，從而控 制虛擬物件和家電用品 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fVhggGSjXVg
- 23. Hands On: Neurosky • Mindset / Mindwave http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CV411vt_51w
- 24. Necomimi from Neurowear •Time Magazine 2011 – Best Invention of the Year http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w06zvM2x_lw
- 25.