✓Brain Controlled Game Simulator ✓ Brain Controlled Robot ✓ Brain Keyboard ✓ Brain Visualization using Open Vibe & Python

1. Presented by:
Utkal Sharma & Vishal Aditya
B.Tech CSE (VIIIth Semester)
BRAIN COMPUTER INTERFACE & ITS APPLICATIONS
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2. Agenda
✓ Why need BCI ?
✓ Brain Computer Interface
✓ Research
✓ This Project
✓ Working
✓ Applications
✓ Future Aspects
Brain Computer Interface & Its Applications Project
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3. Why BCI ?
What is the need of Brain Computer Interface ?
Imagine waking up one day and not being able to move your arms or legs. You try to
lift your little finger, only to find that you can’t even bend it. Fear takes hold of you.
You would like to scream, but you can’t get out a sound, because not even your face
muscles obey you. You are a prisoner in your own body.
Solution is to use an interface that would connect directly with the brain, letting users
communicate thoughts with computers with much more bandwidth and much less
latency than is currently possible via input mechanisms like keyboard and mouse.
Not only this, i.e. medical uses, there are many domain in which BCI is used these
days which will be discussed later.
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4. Brain Computer Interface
How is the interface created ?
Several brain scanning techniques like fMRI, PET, or EEG are capable to analyze
what you are thinking, dreaming, or seeing. Using these techniques, brain waves
are read and the values are fed to the machine and later analyzed.
There are basically two types of BCI:
✓ Invasive BCI
✓ Non-Invasive BCI
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5. Brain Computer Interface
Invasive BCI
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6. Brain Computer Interface
Invasive BCI
Invasive BCI are Neuroprosthetics where electrode arrays heads are buried within
the brain during neurosurgery and left there on a permanent basis.
Invasive devices produce the highest quality signals of BCI device because they
lie in the grey matter of brain. They have by far the best signal to noise ratio and
accuracy of any BCI method.
Unfortunately invasive BCI is costly and require complex surgery to implant. They
require a permanent hole in the skull, build-up prone to scar-tissue, causing
the signal to become weaker or even non-existent, as the body reacts to a foreign
object in the brain.
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7. Brain Computer Interface
Non-Invasive BCI
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8. Brain Computer Interface
Brain Lobes & Layers of Brain Cortex
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9. Brain Computer Interface
Non-Invasive BCI
Non-invasive BCI is the most popular technique where the electrodes need to be
placed outside of the skull or on the scalp. Non-invasive methods are limited in
that they are often susceptible to noise, have worse signal resolution due to
distance from the brain, and have difficulty recording the inner workings of the bra
in. However they have the advantages that can combat these difficulties by lower
cost, greater portability and the fact that they do not require any special surgery.
Most non-invasive BCI systems use electroencephalogram (EEG) signals.
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10. Research
What technique is used ?
This project uses Electroencephalography (EEG) technique to read brain waves
from brain creating a BCI.
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11. Research
EEG Waves
All the frequency bands have been studied intensively and are associated with se
veral states of mind:
✓ Delta waves (1-3 Hz): Deepest meditation and deep sleep
✓ Theta waves (4-7 Hz): Normal sleeping and normal meditation
✓ Alpha waves (8-12 Hz): Relaxation/reflection
✓ Beta waves (13-30 Hz): Active thinking, focus, hi alert, anxiety
✓ Gamma waves (31-50 Hz): Conscious perception
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12. Research
Comparison of EEG Bands
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13. This Project
Introduction
The project titled ‘Brain Computer Interface & its Applications’ is processed an
d designed under multiple software, OpenVibe, MATLAB and Visual Studio.
Core programming languages used are Python and C#. The project aims to deal
with creating an interface between human brain and a computer using
Electroencephalography (EEG) technique, a technique to read brain waves using
sensors that read delta, alpha, beta, gamma & theta waves from the brain,
amplifies it and gives the output in form of numerical values to the machine. The
users just need to think of movement in order to drive the system.
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14. This Project
Description
EEG device that is used to read the brain waves is NeuroSky Mindwave Headset
(MW001). It comprises of a Wi-Fi dongle and two lobes, frontal lobe for forehead
and another lobe that connects to left ear. In all, the device can detect and give
three values which can be used to develop mind-controlled applications:
✓ Raw Values
✓ Attention Values
✓ Meditation Values
✓ Eye Blink Strength
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15. This Project
NeuroSky Mindwave Headset
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16. Working
How does the technology work ?
Brainwaves are tiny electrical impulses released when a neuron fires in the brain.
NeuroSky’s brain-computer interface (BCI) technology works by monitoring these
electrical impulses with a forehead sensor. The neural signals are input into our
ThinkGear chip, and interpreted with our patented Attention and Meditation
E-Sense algorithms. The measured electrical signals and calculated
interpretations are then output as digital messages to the computer, toy, or mobile
device, allowing you to see your brainwaves on the screen, or use your
brainwaves to affect the device’s behavior.
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17. Applications
What all applications have been developed ?
✓ Brain Controlled Game
✓ Brain Controlled Robot
✓ Brain Keyboard
✓ Brain Visualization using Open Vibe
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18. Applications
Brain Controlled Game (EEG Game Simulator)
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19. Applications
Brain Controlled Game (EEG Game Simulator)
We tried to automate the windows games first racing games controls using
attention & meditation level values that we have captured from the frontal lobe of
brain using NeuroSky Mindwave Headset. Following were used as well:
✓ Python Direct X game controller server.
✓ DirectX works with Scan codes for Direct Input.
✓ Calibration of gaming controls can be achieved by further, thresholding of
parameters.
✓ Enhance gaming experience for physically handicaps.

20. Applications
Brain Controlled Robot

21. Applications
Brain Controlled Robot
We tried to control a robot using BCI through the threshold values of attention &
meditation. Further, the data is sent to Raspberry Pi micro-controller through
socket connection over Wireless network & GPIO triggers are sent to drive motors
of Robot.
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22. Applications
Brain Keyboard
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23. Applications
Brain Keyboard
This application is an attempt to develop a keyboard interface for physically
handicapped: Lost his/her hand & they can type using virtual keyboard through
eye blinks. People who have severe movement disorders like Amyotrophic Lateral
Sclerosis (ALS) or Locked in Syndrome, is a condition where a patient is awake
and aware of its surrounding but unable to communicate or perform any action
due to paralysis of almost every voluntary muscles in the body (with the exception
of eye movements and blinking). The people who are suffering from severe
Cerebral Palsy disorder are not able to speak or not understandable enough so
they could not communicate and interact with others.
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24. Future Scope
EEG Future Scope
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25. Future Scope
EEG Future Scope
As more exciting developments are made with EEG applications and the cost of
hardware decreases, the future of EEG for device manufacturers seems full of
promise. Consumers increasingly turn to mobile apps and wearable devices (such
as MyFitnessPal, Clue, MySugr, orthe LifeBeat fitness tracking wristband) to
gain insight into their health and wellness metrics, and help them meet their
personal health goals. As EEG data can be interpreted to measure biometrics
such as focus, attention, mental fatigue, stress, and more, it presents a new
opportunity to give consumers insight into their personal wellness metrics.
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26. Future Scope
BCI Future Scope
As the coming step of technological advancement, many research workers and
scientists are trying to bring out wide variety of BCI applications useful for the
society. Coming years, we can make BCI restore and augment human functions
thereby improving quality of living. Some applications like flying an aeroplane just
by thinking, a blind driving a vehicle etc. will be coming to a reality. In the medical
sector, research workers are trying to bring out miniaturized equipments and
introduction of wireless BCI.
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27. Future Scope
Future Applications of BCI
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28. Future Scope
Future Applications of BCI
✓ Brain to brain communication.
✓ Bionic eye.
✓ Transfer the hearing impulse to brain.
✓ Robotic assistance to old and disabled.
✓ Real time gaming.
✓ Use a device similar to Google Glass. Include a BCI device within it.
✓ Use a BCI bar code reader in a product.
✓ When BCI bar code reader is read by a Google glass device activate the BCI
interface in the device and record and process the signal on a server level.
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29. Thank You! Links
Any Queries? Email1: er.vishaladitya.tech@gmail.com
Email2: sharmautkal@yahoo.co.in
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Presentation Brain Computer Interface & its application