This document summarizes a seminar presentation on brain-computer interfaces. It defines BCI as a direct channel between the human brain and a computer that allows the brain to control devices. It describes the basic components of a BCI system, including electrode arrays to record brain signals, signal processing hardware and software, an external device being controlled, and feedback to the user. It also outlines different BCI approaches such as invasive, semi-invasive and non-invasive EEG methods. Potential applications are discussed, such as providing communication and control for people with disabilities, as well as monitoring attention for pilots or drivers. Challenges are noted around the complexity of the brain and weak signal detection.

1. A Seminar on
PRESENTED
By
S.JAGADESH KUMAR
19BR1A0423
Brain Computer Interface

2. Introduction
• Brain-computer interface (BCI) is a fast-growing
emergent technology, in which researchers aim to
build a direct channel between the human brain and
the computer.
• A Brain Computer Interface (BCI) is a collaboration in
which a brain accepts and controls a mechanical
device as a natural part of its representation of the
body.
• Computer-brain interfaces are designed to transmit
sensory information from the brain, or stimulate the
brain through artificially generated electrical signals.

3. Simple
introduction
of the brain

4. TYPES OF NEURONS
•SENSORY NEURONS
•MOTOR NEURONS

5. GENERAL PRINCIPLE BEHIND BCI
Microelectrode cap

6. COMPONENTS OF A BRAIN COMPUTER
INTERFACE
The BCI consists of several components:
• The implant device, or chronic multi-electrode
array.
• The signal recording and processing section.
• An external device the subject uses to produce
and control motion &
• A feedback section to the subject.

7. COMPONENT OF A BCI (continued)

8. BCI APPROACHES

9. INVASIVE SEMI INVASIVE EEG

10. EEG BASED BRAIN COMPUTER
INTERFACE
Alpha & beta are important for BCI

11. TRAINING OF BCI SYSTEM
TWO TYPES OF APPROACH
• In the first approach the subject concentrates
on a few mental tasks.
• In the second approach the user has to learn
to self-regulate his or her EEG response.

12. SOME EXAMPLES

14. BCI IN AVATAR MOVIE

16. APPLICATIONS
• Provide disabled people with communication, environment
control, and movement restoration.
• Provide enhanced control of devices such as wheelchairs,
vehicles, or assistance robots for people with disabilities.
• Monitor attention in long-distance drivers or aircraft pilots, send
out alert and warning for aircraft pilots.
• Confidentiality

17. DRAWBACKS
• The brain is incredibly complex.
• The signal is weak and prone to interference.
• The equipment is less than portable.

18. CONCLUSION
• A potential therapeutic tool.
• BCI is an advancing technology promising paradigm shift in areas like Machine
Control, Human Enhancement, Virtual reality and etc. So, it’s potentially high
impact technology.
• Several potential applications of BCI hold promise for rehabilitation and
improving performance, such as treating emotional disorders (for example,
depression or anxiety), easing chronic pain, and overcoming movement
disabilities due to stroke.
• Will enable us to achieve singularity very soon.
• Intense R&D in future to attain intuitive efficiency.

20. THANK YOU !