The document discusses the immune system and immunity. It provides an overview of the key components of the immune system including the architecture, cells, tissues, antigens, antibodies, immune responses, and immune mechanisms. The objectives are to understand the structure of the immune system, the concepts of immunity, antigens and antibodies, how the immune response develops, and other immune mechanisms.

1. IMMUNITY
DR NILESH KATE
MBBS,MD.

2. Objective
 At the end of the class you shoud know
 Architecture of immune system
 Immunity
 Antigens
 Antibodies
 Immune response development
 Other immune mechanims

3. Defense Mechanism

4. Introduction
 Definition
 Types
 Antigens
 Antibodies
 Immune system
Immune response
Immunomodulation
Immunoenhancement
Immunosuppression
Immunotolerance.
Autoimmunity
Hypersensitivity

5. Architecture of immune system
 Mononuclear Phagocytic system
 Lymphoid components

6. Mononuclear Phagocytic system
Formation
Constituent
cells
Functions
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7. Lymphoid
Components
Primary lymphoid tissue
 Thymus
 Role
 Effects of
thymectomy.
 Bursa equivalent

8. Peripheral
lymphoid organs
 lymph nodes
 structure
 function
 spleen
 structure
 Function
 MALT (Mucosa
Associated
Lymphoid Tissue)

9. Review
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10. IMMUNITY

11. Phagocytosis
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12. Antigen
 Definition
 Hapten
 Immunogenicity
 Antigen specificity
 Species specificity
 Isospecificity

13. Histocompatability Antigens
 Major Histocompatability complex
(Chromosome 6-short arm) HLA Ag
 MHC Class I
 MHC Class II
 MHC Class III

14. CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY
 Role of cellular immunity
 Intracellular bacteria– M.tuberculosis, M.leprae
 Viruses
 fungi
 Allograft rejection & graft versus host
reaction
 Delayed hypersensitivity & autoimmune

15. Types of immune response
 Primary
 Secondary

16. Stages
 Antigen processing and presentation

17. Recognition of antigen
by lymphocytes
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18. T-lymphocytes differentiation
(activation)
CD8 types
CD4 types
TT co-operation
Memory cells
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19. Attack phase
 Role of cytotoxic T-cell
 Lysis through cytotoxic
substances
 Induction of Apoptois
 Perforin mediated killing

20. Helper T Cell

21. Memory cells
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22. Humoral mediated immunity
 Role of humoral immunity
 Extracellular bacterial pathogens.
 Immediate hypersensitivity
 Autoimmune diseases.

23. Types of immune response
 Primary
 Secondary

24. Stages
 Antigen processing and
presentation
 Recognition of antigens by
lymphocytes
 Lymphocyte activation
 Activation of T-lymphocytes.
 Activation of B-lymphocytes.
 Role of plasma cells
 Role of memory cells

25. Review
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26.  Production of
antibodies
 Theories of antibody
production
 Clonal selection theory
(Burne 1957)
 Inactivation or attack
phase
 Direct attack
 Complement system

27. Direct attack

28. Complement system
 Classical pathway.
 L
 A
 N
 A
 C
 O
 Alternate pathway.

29. Complement system
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30. Complement system
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31. Antibodies
 Structure
 Heavy Chain
 Light Chain
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32. Types
 Immunoglobulins (Ig)
 Ig G
 Ig A
 Ig M
 Ig D
 Ig E
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33. IMMUNOGLOBULINS
FEATURE IgG IgA IgM IgD IgE
H chain γ α μ δ ε
L chain Κ or λ Κ or λ Κ or λ Κ or λ Κ or λ
Mol wt
150 160-385 900 180 190
(kd)
Serum
conc
12 2 1.2 0.03 0.00004
Half life 21 6 5 3 2
Placental
T
Yes No No No No
Compleme
nt fixation
C A C N N
ROLE Body
fluids
Body
surface
Blood
stream
Not known Type 1
hypersens
itivity
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34. Tuesday, December 9, 2014
THANK YOU

35. Tuesday, December 9, 2014

36. Tuesday, December 9, 2014

37. Tuesday, December 9, 2014