The document provides an overview of brain-computer interfaces (BCI), explaining their definition, working mechanisms, and various types including invasive, non-invasive, and partially-invasive BCIs. It covers brain wave control, data acquisition methods, and applications such as robotic control, alongside potential drawbacks and future developments in the field. Additionally, it highlights notable research examples and includes references for further reading.

1. Brain Computer Interface 指導老師：李柏磊 副教授 報告者：電機三 B 葉姿妤 電機二 A 蕭有容 電機二 B 陳迺惠

2. Outlines What is BCI? How does it work? Brain Wave Control Simple introduction of the brain Data Acquisition Apps Drawbacks & Future Q&A

4. You can make it with BCI ！

5. What is BCI?

6. Brain -Computer Interface - Direct Neural Interface or Brain-Machine Interface Direct communication pathway between a brain and an external device. Research on BCIs began in the 1970s at the University of California Los Angeles

7. How does it work? Signal Acquisition Signal Processing Devices

8. Brain Wave Control

9. Brain Wave Control Active α (8 – 12 Hz): relaxed/reflecting β (12 – 30 Hz): alert/working - Training - Misjudgment

10. Brain Wave Control Passive Evoked potentials

11. Brain Wave Control Passive Evoked potentials

12. Brain Wave Control Passive Evoked potentials

13. Simple introduction of the brain Focus on cortex

14. Cerebral cortex 大腦皮質 Cerebellum 小腦 Midbrain 中腦

16. Structure of the cortex

17. Cortex( 皮質 )

18. Primary Somatosensory Cortex 主要身體感覺區 Primary Motor Cortex 主要運動區 Motor Association Cortex 運動聯合區

19. Sensory Association Area 感覺聯合區 Visual Association Area 視覺聯合區 Visual Cortex 視覺皮質區 Wernicke's Area 威氏區

20. Prefrontal Cortex 前額葉皮質區 Speech Center (Broca‘s Area) 布洛卡氏區 Auditory Cortex 聽覺皮質區 Auditory Association Area 聽覺聯合區

21. Data Acquisition

22. Data Acquisition Invasive BCIs Non-Invasive BCIs Partially-Invasive BCIs Wireless BCIs

23. Invasive BCIs Implanted: grey matter Signals: highest quality Scar-tissue build-up Target: repairing damaged sight providing new functionality to persons with paralysis Artificial Vision System

24. Electrode Arrays

25. App.- Artificial Vision 4X4 16 pixels 8X8 64 pixels 12X12 144 pixels 16X16 256 pixels 32X32 1024 pixels 128X128 16384 pixels

26. Non-Invasive BCIs poor signal resolution power muscle implants and restore partial movement Interfaces EEG MEG MRI

27. MEG Magnetoencephalography Magnetic Field: 10 -15 T ~10 -13 T (Weak!!) S.Q.U.I.D. Sensors Shielded Room

28. Magnetic Field

29. Partially-Invasive BCIs Implanted: skull lower risk of forming scar-tissue in the brain Signal quality between invasive BCIs & non-invasive BCIs

30. Wireless BCIs More practical Embedding multiple chips More complicated thoughts Transmission with RF key requirement: keep the heat down

31. Wireless BCIs Size: 2cm in diameter 、 8cm thick Low cost Receive Distance: 10m ~ 50m

32. Examples of BCI

33. Rats implanted with BCIs in Theodore Berger ’ s experiments

34. Monkey operating a robotic arm with BCIs

35. Controlling a robotic dog with BCI

36. A man operates the computer with his EEG

37. A man operates the computer with his EEG

38. P300->300ms 頂葉

39. Disadvantages Headache Exhausting Laziness Degenerate

40. Future Integrate with different territory From lab to factory Nursing and medical treatment

41. References http://spectrum.ieee.org/biomedical/devices/the-brainmachine-interface-unplugged/0 http://www.seeingwithsound.com/etumble.htm http://www.yct.com.tw/life/98drum/98drum17.pdf http://www.libertytimes.com.tw/2007/new/may/24/today-life3.htm http://hi.ctust.edu.tw/mediawiki/index.php/%E8%85%A6%E6%A9%9F%E4%BB%8B%E9%9D%A2%28BCI%29

42. Q&A