The document discusses brain chip technology, specifically a brain-computer interface that allows communication between the human brain and computers, with applications in enhancing memory and aiding paralyzed patients. It details the hardware and software components involved in the BrainGate system, including a silicon chip with electrodes that read brain signals and transmit them for processing. The future of brain chips shows promise in various biomedical applications, but ethical concerns and current technological limitations pose significant challenges.

1. BRAIN CHIP
Teacher's Name:Afsana Khan
P R E S E N T A T I O N T O P I C
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3. • THE BRIAN CHIP TECHNOLOGY IS ASSOCIATED WITH A BRAIN COMPUTER
INTERFACE CHIP, COMPUTER AND BRAIN.
• THE BRAIN CHIP IS SO CALLED BECAUSE IT IS IMPLANTABLE COMPUTER
CHIPIN BRAIN.
• BRAIN CHIP CONSISTS OF BOTH BIOLOGICAL AND ELECTRONICS TERMS.
• BRAIN CHIPS CAN ENHANCE MEMORY OF HUMAN BEINGS, HELP
PARALYZED PATIENTS AND ARE INTENDED FOR MILITARY PURPOSES EVEN
PROVIDE FLUENCY IN A NEW LANGUAGE.
Introduction

4. WHAT IS A BRAIN CHIP ?
A chip in the Braingate system is of
100 hair thin electrodes.
It senses electromagnetic signature of
Neutrons.
The Brain chip provides fast and
reliable connection between the brain
of a severely disabled person and
personal computer

5. Braingate is a technology that can be implemented in the brain.It is used to
sense, transmit, analyze and apply the language of neurons. The System
consists of a sensor that is implanted on the motor cortex of the brain and a
device that analyzes brain signals. This sensor consists of a tiny Chip with
hundred electrode sensors-each thinner than a hair that detects brain cell
electrical activity.
What is Braingate Technology ?

6. Hardware
Components
0
1
2.Connector: The signal from the brain is transmitted through
the pedestal plug attached to the skull.
3.Converter: The signal travels to an amplifier where it is
converted to optical data and bounced by fibre-optic cable to a
computer.
4.Computer:A brain-computer interface uses
electrophysiological signals to control remote devices.The
electrodes pick up the brain’s electrical activity (at the
microvolt level) and carry it into amplifiers. These amplifiers
amplify the signal approximately ten thousand times and then
pass the signal via an analog to digital converter to a computer
for processing.
1. Chip : A four millimeter square silicon chip studded with 100 hair-thin,
micro electrodes is embedded in brain’s primary motor cortex. The sensors
detects tiny electrical signals generated when a user imagines.

7. SOFTWARE BEHIND
BRAINGATE
Software behind BrainGate System uses algorithms and
pattern matching techniques to facilitate communication. The
algorithms are written in C, JAVA and MATLAB. Signal
processing software algorithms analyzes the electrical
activity of neurons and translates it into control signals for
use in various computer-based applications

8. BASIC BLOCK DIAGRAM OF A BCI
BRAIN CHIP
INTERFACE
G I V I N G S T U D E N T F E E D B A C K | 2 0 2 0

9. .
FIRST EXPERIMENT...
Matthew Nagle (October 16, 1979 – July 24, 2007)
was the first person to use a brain-computer
interface to restore functionality lost due to
paralysis.Nagle is unable to move his arms and legs
after he was stabbed in the neck since 2001.The
device was implanted on June 22, 2004 by
neurosurgeon Gerhard Friehs. A 96-electrode "Utah
Array" was placed on the surface of his brain over
the region of motor cortex that controlled his
dominant left hand and arm. A link connected it to
the outside of his skull, where it could be connected
to a computer. The computer was then trained to
recognize Nagle's thought patterns and associate
them with movements he was trying to achieve.

10. It will enhance memory.
It might enable “cyberthink”- invisible communication.
Enable consistent and constant access to information
where and when needed.
It will increase the dynamic range of senses, enabling, for
example, seeing IR,UV, and chemical spectra.
Future of brain chips

11. This technology is well supported by the latest fields of
• Biomedical Instrumentation,
• Micro electronics, signal processing,
• Artificial Neural Networks and Robotics which has
overwhelming developments.
• Hope these systems will be effectively implemented
for many Biomedical applications.

12. ADVANTAGES:
• It will increase the dynamic ranging of senses.
• It will give light to blind and give paralyzed
patients full mental control of limbs.
• No genetic modifications in the next generation.
• Rescue missions (remote controlled rat).

13. 0
DISADVANTAGES:
• Research is still in the beginning stages.
• The current technology is crude.
• Ethical issues may prevent its development.
• Electrodes outside of the skull can detect very
few electric signals from the
brain.
• Electrodes placed inside the skull create scar
tissue in the brain.