This is about Polarization of Light, Type of Polarization, Different between Unpolarized Light and Polarized Light, Malus Law, Method of Polarization, Application of Polarization.
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This is about Polarization of Light, Type of Polarization, Different between Unpolarized Light and Polarized Light, Malus Law, Method of Polarization, Application of Polarization.
▶️ YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/c/JoynulAbadinRasel
☕ Buy me a Coffee: https://www.buymeacoffee.com/JoynulAbadinR
critical angle and total internal reflectionkamalch4
CONCEPTS UNDER THIS TOPIC
Transmission of light from a denser medium to a rarer medium at different angles of incidence .
Critical angle .
Relation between the critical angle and the refractive index .
Factors affecting the critical angle .
Total internal reflection
Total internal reflection in a prism .
Consequences of total internal reflection .
Reflection is the act of light reflecting back when it hits a medium on a plane. Refraction is the process by which light shifts its path as it travels through a material, causing the light to bend. Thus, this is the key difference between reflection and refraction.
Total Internal Reflection - Causes and Effectshelloprassy
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Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
2. • Occurs as light reaches a boundary between
two media
• Some light is reflected and some is refracted
PARTIAL REFLECTION & REFRACTION
3. • As the angle of incidence
increases more light will
be reflected and less
refracted.
PARTIAL REFLECTION & REFRACTION
4. • During daytime driving,
the mirror is adjusted
so the light that hits
the mirror is directed
at the driver’s eyes.
• At night, the driver
can flip a switch that
tilts the mirror,
reducing the amount
of light directed at
the driver’s eyes.
REAR-VIEW MIRROR
5. • What happens when light tries to travel from plastic
(n=1.60) to air if the angle of incidence is 60 degrees?
n1 sin Ɵ1 = n2 sin Ɵ2
(1.60) sin (60°) = (1.00) sin Ɵ2
1.3856406461 = sin Ɵ2
sin-1 (1.3856406461) = Ɵ2
Error
TOTAL INTERNAL REFLECTION
7. Critical Angle: incident angle when the refracted angle is
exactly 90 degrees
Total Internal Reflection (TIR):
• occurs when the angle of incidence increases past the
critical angle.
• can ONLY occur when light travels from a more dense
medium to a less dense medium
• no longer any refraction and just reflection.
TOTAL INTERNAL REFLECTION
8. • Calculate the critical angle for a plexiglass -air
boundary. The index of refraction for
plexiglass is 1.51.
n1 sin Ɵ1 = n2 sin Ɵ2
(1.51) sin Ɵ1 = (1.00) sin (90)
(1.51) sin Ɵ1 = 1
sin Ɵ1 = 1
1.51
Ɵ1 = sin-1 (0.6622516556291391)
Ɵ1 = 41.5°
.: the critical angle is 41.5°
TOTAL INTERNAL REFLECTION
10. • The critical angle
between glass and air
is less than 45°
• The prisms shown
change the direction of
the incoming ray of
light
– A: 90 degrees
– B: 180 degrees
– C: back in the same
direction
TOTAL INTERNAL REFLECTION
12. Fiber optics:
• Contains a glass core
surrounded by cladding
made from another
type of glass that has a
lower index of
refraction.
• Such fibres achieve
total internal reflection,
which allows data to be
transmitted.
APPLICATIONS OF TOTAL INTERNAL REFLECTION
13. • Telecommunications
– signals are not affected by
electrical storms
– more signals can be carried
with less energy loss
– the cables are smaller and
lighter
• Medicine – Endoscopes
– One bundle carries light into
the required area, while
another bundle carries an
image of the area back to a
monitor.
Fiber optics:
APPLICATIONS OF TOTAL INTERNAL REFLECTION
