Shift registers are digital circuits composed of flip-flops that can shift data from one stage to the next. They can be configured for serial-in serial-out, serial-in parallel-out, parallel-in serial-out, or parallel-in parallel-out data movement. Common applications include converting between serial and parallel data, temporary data storage, and implementing counters. MSI shift registers like the 74LS164 and 74LS166 provide 8-bit shift register functionality.
The document explains about the concepts of sequential circuits in Digital electronics.
This will be helpful for the beginners in VLSI and electronics students.
The document explains about the concepts of sequential circuits in Digital electronics.
This will be helpful for the beginners in VLSI and electronics students.
This Presentation is useful to study Digital Electronics subject about D and T Flip-Flop. This Presentation is also useful to make Presentation on Flip-Flop.
it covers topics Introduction
Classification of Logic Families
Important point
Level of Integration
Specification of Digital ICs
TTL Circuit
TTL NAND Gates
MOS/CMOS Circuits
CMOS NAND Gate
ECL Circuit
Comparison
Numbers of Digital ICs
The Reason Why we use master slave JK flip flop instead of simple level triggered flip flop is Racing condition which can be successfully avoided using two SR latches fed with inverted clocks.
Dlc{binary to gray code conversion} pptTanish Gupta
BINARY TO GRAY CODE CONVERSION
1- WHAT IS A BINARY CODE ?
-> A binary code represents text or computer processor instructions using the binary number system's two binary digits, 0 and 1. The binary code assigns a bit string to each symbol or instruction.
2- WHAT IS A GRAY CODE ?
-> The reflected binary code(RBC), also known as Gray code after Frank Gray, is a binary numeral system where two successive values differ in only one bit. This code was originally designed to prevent spurious output from electromechanical switches.
THE GRAY CODE{Image in Ppt}
3- Binary-to-Gray code conversion
->
The MSB in the Gray code is the same as corresponding MSB in the binary number.
Going from left to right, add each adjacent pair of binary code bits to get the next Gray code bit. Discard carries.
ex: convert 101102 to Gray code
1 + 0 + 1 + 1 + 0 binary
1 1 1 0 1 Gray
CONVERTING CIRCUIT{Image in Ppt}
LOGIC DIAGRAM OF 4 BIT BINARY TO GRAY CODE CONVERTER{Image in Ppt}
TRUTH TABLE{Image in Ppt}
All images related to topics are in ppt.
THANK YOU
This Presentation is useful to study Digital Electronics subject about D and T Flip-Flop. This Presentation is also useful to make Presentation on Flip-Flop.
it covers topics Introduction
Classification of Logic Families
Important point
Level of Integration
Specification of Digital ICs
TTL Circuit
TTL NAND Gates
MOS/CMOS Circuits
CMOS NAND Gate
ECL Circuit
Comparison
Numbers of Digital ICs
The Reason Why we use master slave JK flip flop instead of simple level triggered flip flop is Racing condition which can be successfully avoided using two SR latches fed with inverted clocks.
Dlc{binary to gray code conversion} pptTanish Gupta
BINARY TO GRAY CODE CONVERSION
1- WHAT IS A BINARY CODE ?
-> A binary code represents text or computer processor instructions using the binary number system's two binary digits, 0 and 1. The binary code assigns a bit string to each symbol or instruction.
2- WHAT IS A GRAY CODE ?
-> The reflected binary code(RBC), also known as Gray code after Frank Gray, is a binary numeral system where two successive values differ in only one bit. This code was originally designed to prevent spurious output from electromechanical switches.
THE GRAY CODE{Image in Ppt}
3- Binary-to-Gray code conversion
->
The MSB in the Gray code is the same as corresponding MSB in the binary number.
Going from left to right, add each adjacent pair of binary code bits to get the next Gray code bit. Discard carries.
ex: convert 101102 to Gray code
1 + 0 + 1 + 1 + 0 binary
1 1 1 0 1 Gray
CONVERTING CIRCUIT{Image in Ppt}
LOGIC DIAGRAM OF 4 BIT BINARY TO GRAY CODE CONVERTER{Image in Ppt}
TRUTH TABLE{Image in Ppt}
All images related to topics are in ppt.
THANK YOU
FPGA are a special form of Programmable logic devices(PLDs) with higher densities as compared to custom ICs and capable of implementing functionality in a short period of time using computer aided design (CAD) software....by mathewsubin3388@gmail.com
in these slides you will find basic concept of combinational and sequenstional logic. these ppts are designed for students of electrical engineering, and covers all the necessary topic of their interest.
Latches
– Flip-Flops - SR, JK, D and T
– Master Slave Flip Flops
• Shift Registers
– SISO, SIPO, PISO, PIPO and Universal
• Binary Counters
– Synchronous and asynchronous up/down counters
– mod - N counter
– Counters for random sequence
– Johnson counter and Ring counter
Its is a PowerPoint presentation for lecture registers Which we learn how to work register on design logic . Its is a complete notes for students who learn about register and their working . It's described complete course
The attached narrated power point presentation reviews the construction, working and applications of shift registers built using D Flipflops. The material will be useful for KTU second year students who prepare for the subject CSL 202, Digital Laboratory.
These slides contain the basic of sequential logic, and includes a detailed and animated description of Flip-Flop and latches, it includes shift registers and counters also. It covers the fourth unit of Digital Logic Design
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
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We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
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How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
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1. EET 3350 Digital Systems Design
Textbook: John Wakerly
Chapter 8: 8.5
Shift Registers
1
2. Definition
• A register is a digital circuit with two basic
functions: Data Storage and Data Movement
– A shift register provides the data movement
function
– A shift register “shifts” its output once every clock
cycle
• A shift register is a group of flip-flops set up in
a linear fashion with their inputs and outputs
connected together in such a way that the data
is shifted from one device to another when the
circuit is active
2
3. Shift Register Applications
• converting between • some counter
serial data and applications
parallel data – ring counter
• temporary storage in – Johnson counter
a processor – Linear Feedback Shift
– scratch-pad memories Register (LFSR) counters
• some arithmetic • time delay devices
operations • more …
– multiply, divide
• communications
– UART
3
4. Shift Register Characteristics
• Types
– Serial-in, Serial-out
– Serial-in, Parallel-out
– Parallel-in, Serial-out
– Parallel-in, Parallel-out
– Universal n-bit shift
register
• Direction
– Left shift
– Right shift
– Rotate (right or left)
– Bidirectional
4
5. Data Movement
• The bits in a shift register can move in any of the
following manners
5
6. Data Movement
• Block diagrams for shift registers with various
input/output options:
n-bit shift n-bit shift
register register
n-bit shift n-bit shift
register register
6
7. Serial-In Serial-Out
• Data bits come in one at a
time and leave one at a time n-bit shift
register
• One Flip-Flop for each bit to
be handled
• Movement can be left or
right, but is usually only in a
single direction in a given
register
• Asynchronous preset and
clear inputs are used to set
initial values
7
8. Serial-In Serial-Out
• The logic circuit diagram below shows a
generalized serial-in serial-out shift register
– SR Flip-Flops are shown
– Connected to behave as D Flip-Flops
– Input values moved to outputs of each Flip-Flop
with the clock (shift) pulse
N 1 0
N-Bit Shift Register
8
9. Shift Registers
• The simplest shift register is one that uses only Flip-Flops
• The output of a given Flip-Flop is connected to the D input of the
Flip-Flop at its right.
• Each clock pulse shifts the contents of the register one bit
position to the right.
• The Serial input (SI) determines what goes into the leftmost Flip-
Flop during the shift. The Serial output (SO) is taken from the
output of the rightmost Flip-Flop.
Q Q Q Q
9
10. Serial-In Serial-Out
• A simple way of looking
at the serial shifting
operation, with a focus on 1
the data bits, is illustrated
at right 2
• The 4-bit data word
“1011” is to be shifted into 3
a 4-bit shift register
• One shift per clock pulse 4
• Data is shown entering at
left and shifting right
5
10
11. Serial-In Serial-Out
• The diagram at right
shows the 4-bit
sequence “1010”
being loaded into the
4-bit serial-in serial-
out shift register
• Each bit moves one
position to the right
each time the clock’s
leading edge occurs
• Four clock pulses
loads the register
11
12. Serial-In Serial-Out
• This diagram shows
the 4-bit sequence
“1010” as it is
unloaded from the 4-
bit serial-in serial-out
shift register
• Each bit moves one
position to the right
each time the clock’s
leading edge occurs
• Four clock pulses
unloads the register
12
13. Serial-In Serial-Out
• Serial-in, serial-out
shift registers are
often used for data
communications
– such as RS-232
– modem transmission
and reception
– Ethernet links
– SONET
– etc.
13
14. Serial-to-Parallel Conversion
• We often need to convert
from serial to parallel n-bit shift
register
– e.g., after receiving a series
transmission
• The diagrams at the right
illustrate a 4-bit serial-in
parallel-out shift register
• Note that we could also use
the Q of the right-most Flip-
Flop as a serial-out output
14
15. Serial-to-Parallel Conversion
• We would use a
serial-in parallel-out
shift register of
arbitrary length N to
convert an N-bit word
from serial to parallel
• It would require N
clock pulses to LOAD
and one clock pulse
to UNLOAD
15
16. Serial-to-Parallel Conversion
• These two shift
registers are used
to convert serial
data to parallel data
• The upper shift
register would
“grab” the data
once it was shifted
into the lower
register
16
17. Parallel-to-Serial Conversion
• We use a Parallel-in Serial-out
Shift Register n-bit shift
register
• The DATA is applied in parallel
form to the parallel input pins PA
to PD of the register
• It is then read out sequentially
from the register one bit at a time
from PA to PD on each clock cycle
in a serial format
• One clock pulse to load
• Four pulses to unload
17
19. Parallel-In Parallel-Out
• Parallel-in Parallel-out Shift
Registers can serve as a
temporary storage device or
as a time delay device
• The DATA is presented in a
parallel format to the parallel
input pins PA to PD and then
shifted to the corresponding
output pins QA to QD when
the registers are clocked
• One clock pulse to load
• One pulse to unload
19
20. Universal Shift Register
• Universal shift register
• Can do any combination of
parallel and serial n-bit shift
register
input/output operations
• Requires additional inputs to
specify desired function
• Uses a Mux-like input gating
L/S L/S
A 0
0 F A
B 1 B
1
20
22. Universal Shift Register
• Parallel shift register (can serve as converting
parallel-in to serial-out shifter):
22
23. MSI Shift Registers
• 74LS164 is an 8-Bit Serial-
In Parallel-Out Shift
Register
• Typical Shift Frequency of
35 MHz
• Asynchronous Master
Reset
• Gated Serial Data Input
• Fully Synchronous Data
Transfers
23
24. MSI Shift Registers
• 74LS164 logic diagram
A LOW level on the Master Reset (MR) input overrides all other
inputs and clears the register asynchronously, forcing all Q outputs
LOW.
24
26. MSI Shift Registers
• The 74LS164 is an edge-
triggered 8-bit shift register with
serial data entry and an output
from each of the eight stages.
• Data is entered serially through
one of two inputs (A or B);
– either of these inputs can be used
as an active HIGH Enable for data
entry through the other input
– an unused input must be tied HIGH,
or both inputs connected together
26
27. MSI Shift Registers
• Each LOW-to-HIGH transition on the Clock (CP) input
shifts data one place to the right
• This also outputs at Q0 the logical AND of the two data
inputs (A•B) that existed before the rising clock edge.
27
29. MSI Shift Registers
• 74LS166 is an 8-Bit Shift
Register
• Parallel-in or serial-in
– shift/load input establishes
the parallel-in or serial-in
mode
• Serial-out
• Synchronous Load
– Serial data flow is inhibited
during parallel loading
• Direct Overriding Clear
29