FPGA are a special form of Programmable logic devices(PLDs) with higher densities as compared to custom ICs and capable of implementing functionality in a short period of time using computer aided design (CAD) software....by mathewsubin3388@gmail.com
FPGA are a special form of Programmable logic devices(PLDs) with higher densities as compared to custom ICs and capable of implementing functionality in a short period of time using computer aided design (CAD) software....by mathewsubin3388@gmail.com
This presentation gives an overview of FPGA devices. An FPGA is a device that contains a matrix of re-configurable gate array logic circuitry. When a FPGA is configured, the internal circuitry is connected in a way that creates a hardware implementation of the software application.
FPGA devices can deliver the performance and reliability of dedicated hardware circuitry.
Complex Programmable Logic Device (CPLD) Architecture and Its Applicationselprocus
A CPLD (complex programmable logic device) chip includes several circuit blocks on a single chip with inside wiring resources to attach the circuit blocks. Each circuit block is comparable to a PLA or a PAL.
Dlc{binary to gray code conversion} pptTanish Gupta
BINARY TO GRAY CODE CONVERSION
1- WHAT IS A BINARY CODE ?
-> A binary code represents text or computer processor instructions using the binary number system's two binary digits, 0 and 1. The binary code assigns a bit string to each symbol or instruction.
2- WHAT IS A GRAY CODE ?
-> The reflected binary code(RBC), also known as Gray code after Frank Gray, is a binary numeral system where two successive values differ in only one bit. This code was originally designed to prevent spurious output from electromechanical switches.
THE GRAY CODE{Image in Ppt}
3- Binary-to-Gray code conversion
->
The MSB in the Gray code is the same as corresponding MSB in the binary number.
Going from left to right, add each adjacent pair of binary code bits to get the next Gray code bit. Discard carries.
ex: convert 101102 to Gray code
1 + 0 + 1 + 1 + 0 binary
1 1 1 0 1 Gray
CONVERTING CIRCUIT{Image in Ppt}
LOGIC DIAGRAM OF 4 BIT BINARY TO GRAY CODE CONVERTER{Image in Ppt}
TRUTH TABLE{Image in Ppt}
All images related to topics are in ppt.
THANK YOU
This presentation gives an overview of FPGA devices. An FPGA is a device that contains a matrix of re-configurable gate array logic circuitry. When a FPGA is configured, the internal circuitry is connected in a way that creates a hardware implementation of the software application.
FPGA devices can deliver the performance and reliability of dedicated hardware circuitry.
Complex Programmable Logic Device (CPLD) Architecture and Its Applicationselprocus
A CPLD (complex programmable logic device) chip includes several circuit blocks on a single chip with inside wiring resources to attach the circuit blocks. Each circuit block is comparable to a PLA or a PAL.
Dlc{binary to gray code conversion} pptTanish Gupta
BINARY TO GRAY CODE CONVERSION
1- WHAT IS A BINARY CODE ?
-> A binary code represents text or computer processor instructions using the binary number system's two binary digits, 0 and 1. The binary code assigns a bit string to each symbol or instruction.
2- WHAT IS A GRAY CODE ?
-> The reflected binary code(RBC), also known as Gray code after Frank Gray, is a binary numeral system where two successive values differ in only one bit. This code was originally designed to prevent spurious output from electromechanical switches.
THE GRAY CODE{Image in Ppt}
3- Binary-to-Gray code conversion
->
The MSB in the Gray code is the same as corresponding MSB in the binary number.
Going from left to right, add each adjacent pair of binary code bits to get the next Gray code bit. Discard carries.
ex: convert 101102 to Gray code
1 + 0 + 1 + 1 + 0 binary
1 1 1 0 1 Gray
CONVERTING CIRCUIT{Image in Ppt}
LOGIC DIAGRAM OF 4 BIT BINARY TO GRAY CODE CONVERTER{Image in Ppt}
TRUTH TABLE{Image in Ppt}
All images related to topics are in ppt.
THANK YOU
Implementation of Soft-core processor on FPGA (Final Presentation)Deepak Kumar
Implementation of Soft-core processor(PicoBlaze) on FPGA using Xilinx.
Establishing communication between two PicoBlaze processors.
Creating an application using the multi-core processor.
In this paper, proposed a novel implementation of a Soft-Core system using
micro-blaze processor with virtex-5 FPGA. Till now Hard-Core processors are used in
FPGA processor cores. Hard cores are a fixed gate-level IP functions within the FPGA
fabrics. Now the proposed processor is Soft-Core Processor, this is a microprocessor fully
described in software, usually in an HDL. This can be implemented by using EDK tool. In
this paper, developed a system which is having a micro-blaze processor is the combination
of both hardware & Software. By using this system, user can control and communicate all
the peripherals which are in the supported board by using Xilinx platform to develop an
embedded system. Implementing of Soft-Core process system with different peripherals like
UART interface, SPA flash interface, SRAM interface has to be designed using Xilinx
Embedded Development Kit (EDK) tools.
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We have compiled the most important slides from each speaker's presentation. This year’s compilation, available for free, captures the key insights and contributions shared during the DfMAy 2024 conference.
ACEP Magazine edition 4th launched on 05.06.2024Rahul
This document provides information about the third edition of the magazine "Sthapatya" published by the Association of Civil Engineers (Practicing) Aurangabad. It includes messages from current and past presidents of ACEP, memories and photos from past ACEP events, information on life time achievement awards given by ACEP, and a technical article on concrete maintenance, repairs and strengthening. The document highlights activities of ACEP and provides a technical educational article for members.
A review on techniques and modelling methodologies used for checking electrom...nooriasukmaningtyas
The proper function of the integrated circuit (IC) in an inhibiting electromagnetic environment has always been a serious concern throughout the decades of revolution in the world of electronics, from disjunct devices to today’s integrated circuit technology, where billions of transistors are combined on a single chip. The automotive industry and smart vehicles in particular, are confronting design issues such as being prone to electromagnetic interference (EMI). Electronic control devices calculate incorrect outputs because of EMI and sensors give misleading values which can prove fatal in case of automotives. In this paper, the authors have non exhaustively tried to review research work concerned with the investigation of EMI in ICs and prediction of this EMI using various modelling methodologies and measurement setups.
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Heap sort is a comparison-based sorting technique based on Binary Heap data structure. It is similar to the selection sort where we first find the minimum element and place the minimum element at the beginning. Repeat the same process for the remaining elements.
2. CONTENTS
What are FPGAs?
Families of FPGA
Basic architecture of FPGA
Programmability
Xilinx specifications
Fpga generic design flow
Introduction to xilinx ISE
Xilinx devolepment flow
3. What are FPGAs?
Fpgas are field programmable gate arrays.
Basically they are integrated circuits(ICs).
They are configurable(programmable).
What are programmable in FPGAs?
Logic blocks
Interconnects
why the term field programmable?
Modifying device function in lab or at the site
where device is installed
4. Why FPGAs?
Inexpensive, easy realisation of logic networks in
hardware
Hardware of FPGAs contains:
• Plds
• Logic gates
• Ram
• Layout of a unit is reapeated in matrix form
• User configure
• Function of each logic block
• IOB
• Interconnections
5. Families of FPGAs
Xilinx
Actel
Altera
What was difference between the above three
FPGAs families?
• Physical means for implementing
programmabilty.
• Interconnection among arrangments.
• Basic functionality of logic blocks.
8. Programmibility
Three programming methods:
SRAM based programming:
which is used by xilinx and altera based
fpgas.
Antifuse technology:
which is used by actel,quick logic based
technology.
EPROM/EEPROM:
9. S-Ram based programming
Fpga connections:
• Pass transistors
• Transmission gates
• Multipliers
Making or breaking cross point connections
Define function of logic blocks
10. How an SRAM is programmed?
There are two pins i.e; input/output
configurable pins which are used to program
When we implement a logic into fpga it is
converted into bit files which was stored
serially(as a single shift register) from input to
output.
11. programability
• Interconnect lines are pre-laid
vertically and horizontally.
• Programmable switches connects
the lines to input/output of
logic blocks.
• A switch matrix is a set of multi-
plexers where an incoming line con-
nected to any outgoing line.
12. Antifuse technology
• It is a one time programming
Antifuse:links in configurable paths
In an unprogrammed state it acts as like a high
impedance
13. Xilinx specifications
Xilinx provides many FPGAs that differ in complexity
which is based in number of configurable logical
blocks.
There are two types of fpgas
1)Virtex II based FPGA
2)Spartan 3E based FPGA
Although they differ in complexity,all FPGAs
contains similar structure like,
CLBs:configurable logic blocks
IOBSs:input/output blocks
PI:programmable interconnects
Ram blocks
Buffers etc.;
15. 1)CLBs: These block is divided into two slices
• For each slice there will be two 4-input
function generator.
• Carry logic
• Two storage elements.
• Each function generator output drives CLB
output + D input of flipflop
• Logic combines function generator to provide
functions of five or six inputs
17. IOBs
The IOBs appears as a storage elements that
acts as either D-ff or Latches.
Ther are certain modes in which IOBs work
1)Snchronous set/reset.
2)Asynchronous preset/clear.
Each IOB can be programmed into
1)Input path: In this the Buffer routes input
signal directly to core or via D-ff.
2)Output path:In this Buffer routes output signal
directly from core or via D-ff.
18. RAM Blocks
Blocks of RAMs are organized in columns.
Why ram?
• To store any intermediate data in an
application.
Programmable routing
How this programmable routing takes place?
• Adajacent to each CLB stands a General
Routing Matrix(GRM).
• GRM is nothing but switch matrix which get
resources from CLBs,RAM,Multipliers.
19. Arithmetic resources in xilinx FPGAs
• Some arithmetic resources like
adders,counters,multipliers are required
because special circuitry to speed up
arithmetic operations.
• Dedicated carry logic/xor
21. FPGA Generic Design Flow
First step is the Design entry
• That means we create design using Schematic
or HDL.
Second step is to implementation of the
design
It undergoes three steps
• Partitioning
• Place
• Routing
Third step is the Verification
• Uses simulator to check functionality
22. Introduction to XILINX ISE
ISE (Integrated Software Environment) is a
tool provided by xilinx to configure FPGA.
ISE is an integrated collection of tools
accessible to GUI
It means it brings all tools to one place.
Eg:XST,PACE,core gen.,constraint editor,Impact
23. Xilinx development flow
1) Design entry
What we provide to ISE tool?
• We provide verilog(.v) or vhdl(.vhd) or
schematic(.sch) file.
2) Synthesis
• We uses xst which is xilinx synthesis tool and it
produces a netlist file starting from an
hdl/schematic description.
It means we convert .v,.vhd,.sch to .ngc
24. 3) Translate: Done by NGD Build tool
It reads all input design netlists and then
writes the results into a single merged file that
describes logic and constraints.
It converts .ngc to .ngd
NGD:Native Generic Database
A NGD file describes the logic design reduced
to xilinx primitives.
4) MAPPING:
• Maps the logic on device cmponents.
• Takes the netlist and group the logical
elements into CLBs and IOBs
• Generates NCD and PCF.
25. NCD:Native Circuit Description File
Gives information about the physical circuit
description of input design as applied to a specific
device.
PCF:physical constraints file
Contains information about physical constraints
5)Place and route:
• Determines the placement of cells and the
routing between the cells.
6)Bit stream generation:
• A Bit stream is a stream of data that contains the
location information for logic on a device.
26. 7)configuration/programming:
• Programming a bit file into fpga using JTAG port.
There are some other tools that are used by xilinx ISE:
o HDL compiler which uses XST tool to compile given
input.
o For simulation xilinx ISEsim,modelsim are used.
o Core generator and architecture wizard.
o Pinout and area constraint editor uses PACEtool to
maka a constraint for a given circuit.
o Implementation is done by using Translate/Map/Par.
o Device configuration is done by Impact tool.