This document provides an overview of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. It discusses the basic principles of EPR, including the Zeeman effect and hyperfine interaction. The document outlines some applications of EPR in geology, such as determining the origin of marbles and characterizing sedimentary beds. It also notes that EPR can be used to study the stages of organic matter maturation and weathering of phyllosilicates. Advantages and disadvantages of EPR are listed. In conclusion, EPR is described as a spectroscopic method that provides information about paramagnetic species, including evidence for free electrons and insights into molecular structure and environment.

1. Omar Radwan
o.a.radwan@Gmail.com
201306050

2. 1944
(Kochelaev and Lablokov , 1995)
2

3.  EPR spectroscopy
 Spectroscopy
 Paramagnetism
 Resonance
▪ Zeeman effect
▪ Hyperfine interaction
 EPR instrumentation
 EPR spectrum
 Geological applications
 Advantages and disadvantages
 Conclusion
3

4. 4

5. (Weldon, 2009)
5

6. (Nesse, 2012)
6

7.  Zeeman effect
(Jonas, 1997)
E=hѵ=gβH
7

8.  Hyperfine interaction
(Jonas, 1997)
8

9. (Eaton GR et al., 2010)
2(I) +12(I) +1
2(I) +1
9
 Hyperfine interaction

10. (Brustolon and Giamello, 2009)
10

11. spectrometer (Lund et al., 2011)
(Lund et al., 2011)
11

12. 12

13.  ESR ages from the
Eupchon fault zone
range from 2000 to
500ka.
 The fault rocks were
reactivated at least
five times 2000, 1300,
900–1100, 700–800,
and 500–600ka ago.
 potentially active
fault
 potential seismic
hazards to the
nuclear power plant
in its vicinity.
13(Lee andYang, 2007)

14. (Attanasio, 1999)
“The Mn2+ EPR
spectra of marbles
are similar for
samples coming from
the same quarry, and
this property is used
in archaeological
studies in assessing
the origin of ancient
marbles”
14

15. (Bulka, 1991) 15
Distribution of Mn+2 in the dolomites can reflect different thermodynamic
parameters of the environment of dolomitization
used to characterize sedimentary beds, especially if they are unfossilferous

16. 16
(Skrzypczak et al., 2008)
define four stages of maturation of the organic matter according to the evolution of g-
factors, EPR intensity, peak-to-peak line width and line shape
derive a relationship between the line shape and the age of the organic matter, valid for
ages ranging from about 600 Myr to about 3500 Myr

17. 17
(Nicolini et al., 2009)
EPR studies show that the
weathering from biotite to
kaolinite, through muscovite,
corresponds to varying the
Fe(III) site symmetry;
• from a residual rhombic
structure in biotite,
•to rhombic and axial
symmetries in muscovite
•until a rhombic and a more
symmetrical site (but not yet
totally axial as in muscovite)
is obtained in kaolinite.

18.  Advantages
 Sample size required
 Time required
 Detection limit
 Oxidation state
 Disadvantages
 Sensitivity towards paramagnetic species
 Complicated spectra
18

19.  spectroscopic method for studies of paramagnetic species
 Information provided:
 Direct evidence for presence of free electrons in a sample
 Type of sample
 Molecular structure and the environment near the electron
 Molecular motion
 Applications
 Geochronology
 Geochemical studies
 Structure, Composition and origin of minerals
19

20. I owe a debt of gratitude to Prof. Dogan and Prof.
Morsy for giving me the opportunity to learn this
technique.
20

21. 21

22.  Attanasio, D., 1999. The use of electron spin resonance spectroscopy for determining the
provenance of classical marbles. Appl. Magn. Reson. 16, 383–402.
 Brustolon, M., Giamello, E., 2009. Electron Paramagnetic Resonance: A Practitioners Toolkit, 1
edition. ed. Wiley.
 Bulka GR, Nizamutdinov NM, Mukhutdinova NG, Khasanova NM, Galeev AA, Vinokurov VM, 1991.
EPR probes in sedimentary rocks: The features of Mn2+ and free radicals distribution in the
Permian formation inTatarstan. Appl Magn Reson. ;2(1):107–15
 Eaton GR et al., 2010. Quantitative EPR a Practitioners Guide. Springer-Verlag Vienna.
 Kochelaev BI, IAblokov IV, 1995. The beginning of paramagnetic resonance. Singapore; River Edge,
NJ:World Scientific.
 Lee H-K, Yang J-S, 2007. ESR dating of the Eupchon fault, South Korea. Quaternary
Geochronology.;2(1–4):392–7.
 Nesse, W.D., 2012. Introduction to mineralogy. Oxford University Press, NewYork.
 Weldon DG, 2009. Failure Analysis of Paints and Coatings. Revised Edition edition. Wiley.
 Nicolini, K.P., Lombardi, K.C., Schreiner, W.H., Mazzaro, I., Wypych, F., Mangrich, A.S., 2009. Evidence
of weathering stages of phyllosilicates from biotite/muscovite to kaolinite, probed by EPR
spectroscopy. Miner Petrol 97, 139–144.
 Skrzypczak-Bonduelle, A., Binet, L., Delpoux, O., Vezin, H., Derenne, S., Robert, F., Gourier, D., 2008.
EPR of Radicals in Primitive Organic Matter: A Tool for the Search of Biosignatures of the Most
AncientTraces of Life. Appl Magn Reson 33, 371–397.
 Lee, H.-K., Yang, J.-S., 2007. ESR dating of the Eupchon fault, South Korea. Quaternary
Geochronology 2, 392–397. 22