This document defines and classifies different types of magnetic materials. It discusses ferromagnetic, paramagnetic, and diamagnetic materials, and how their properties including permeability and susceptibility differ. It also defines magnetically soft and hard materials, providing examples and characteristics of each. Finally, it outlines some applications of these magnetic materials, such as their use in recording devices, magnetic levitation, electromagnets, and permanent magnets.

1. Prepared by
Nilay Patel

2. • Introduction
• Terms connected with magnetic
materials
• Classification with Properties
• Hysteresis
• Applications

3. • Magnetic Materials are those materials in
which a state of magnetization can be
induced.
• Such materials when magnetized create a
magnetic field in the surrounding space.

4. • Magnetic force
• Magnetic flux density
• Magnetic field strength
• Relative permeability
• Absolute permeability
• Remanance
• Retentivity
• Curie temperature (Tc)
• Hysteresis loop & losses

5. • Ferromagnetic
• Paramagnetic
• Diamagnetic
• Magnetically Soft material
• Magnetically Hard material

6. • A type of material that is highly attracted to
magnets and can become permanently
magnetized is called as ferromagnetic.
• The relative permeability is much greater than
unity and are dependent on the field
strength.
• These have high susceptibility.

7. • Fe, Co, Ni, Cr, Mn are such materials.

8. • It is a substance or body which very weakly
attracted by the poles of a magnet, but not
retaining any permanent magnetism.
• These have relative permeability slightly
greater than unity and are magnetized
slightly.
• They attract the lines of forces weakly.

9. • Al, Pt, Ca, O2 are such materials.

10. • It is a substance which create a magnetic field
in opposite to an externally applied field.
• Susceptibility is negative.
• These have relative permeability slightly less
than unity.
• They reppel the lines of force slightly.

11. • The examples are bismuth silver, copper
and hydrogen.

12. • Characteristics :
1. They have high permeability.
2. The magnetic energy stored is not high.
3. They have negligible coercive force.
4. They have low remanence.
5. Hysteresis loop is narrow.
• Examples :
pure or ingot iron, cast iron, carbon steel,
manganese & nickel steel, etc.

13. • Characteristics :
1. They possess high value of BH product.
2. High retentivity.
3. High coercivity.
4. Strong magnetic reluctance.
5. Hysteresis loop is more rectangular in
shape.
• Examples :
Tungsten steel, cobalt steel, chromium steel, etc.

15. • Ferromagnetic materials are used in magnetic
recording devices, such as for cassette tapes,
floppy discs for computers, and the magnetic
stripe on the back of credit cards.
• Diamagnetic materials are used for magnetic
levitation, where an object will be made to
float in are above a strong magnet.

16. • Magnetic soft materials are used in making
electromagnets and these electromagnets are
used in telephone receiver, bells, loud
speakers etc.
• Magnetic hard materials are used in making
permanent magnets.

17. Thank You