Diet in Cardiovascular disease
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The document discusses diet and nutrition in relation to cardiovascular disease. It outlines several types of heart conditions including coronary heart disease, arteriosclerosis, and myocardial infarction. It then lists risk factors such as alcohol, coffee, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and smoking. The document discusses cholesterol levels and types, including LDL, VLDL, and HDL cholesterol. It recommends a diet low in fat and cholesterol, especially saturated fat and sugars, to help manage cardiovascular conditions and lower disease risk.
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The circulatory system involves the circulation of blood throughout the body. The circulatory system consists of the heart, arteries, veins, and capillaries. The heart pumps blood through the arteries which branch into smaller vessels and capillaries to supply tissues with oxygen and nutrients and remove waste. There are several diseases that can affect the heart including angina, arrhythmia, atherosclerosis, cardiomyopathy, congenital heart defects, coronary artery disease, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia. These diseases are generally preventable through lifestyle modifications like a healthy diet, exercise, avoiding tobacco, and controlling risk factors like diabetes and high blood pressure. Treatment options depend on the specific disease but may include medication, surgery, lifestyle changes,
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Hypertension is a chronic condition of concern due to its role in the causation of coronary heart diseases. Hypertension is a worldwide epidemic and important risk factor for coronary artery disease, stroke and renal diseases. Blood pressure is the force exerted by the blood against the walls of the blood vessels and is sufficient to maintain tissue perfusion during activity and rest. Hypertension is sustained elevation of BP. In adults, HTN exists when systolic blood pressure is equal to or greater than 140mmHg or diastolic BP is equal to or greater than 90mmHg. The
Case study C A D
This document summarizes the case of a 73-year-old male patient admitted to the hospital for coronary artery disease. It provides details on his medical history including diabetes, hypertension, and a history of smoking. It then discusses coronary artery disease including symptoms, risk factors, diagnostic tests, treatment options through lifestyle changes, medications, and surgery. It concludes with a nursing care plan to address ineffective airway clearance related to secretions in the bronchi.
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The document describes a study that developed a herbal mixture to study its effects on insulin resistance in diabetes patients. The mixture contained amla powder, clove powder, hing powder, and cinnamon. It was administered to an experimental group for 3 months, while a control group received no treatment. Results showed the mixture was accepted by patients. For males in the experimental group, there were significant decreases in fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, and BMI compared to the control group. However, females did not see significant changes. The herbal mixture thus had some beneficial effects on diabetic male patients.
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The study aimed to assess and compare the nutritional status, body composition, physical activity levels, and injury rates between karate students and non-karate students aged 13-17 years. It found that karate students generally had lower socioeconomic status and were underweight, while non-karate students had higher socioeconomic status and were overweight. Both groups had inadequate nutrient intakes compared to RDA values, but karate students' intake was more deficient due to their financial constraints. Significant correlations were also found between physical activity and BMI for both groups, as well as between fat intake and BMI for boys and protein intake and BMI for girls. The study highlights the vulnerability of karate students to nutritional deficiencies and injuries due to vigorous
Presentation
This study assessed the nutritional status and knowledge of 60 post-operative coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) patients in India. The results showed that most patients had a poor nutritional status, as over 60% were overweight or obese. Many patients had medical histories of diabetes and hypertension. The dietary surveys found that over 65% of patients consumed below the recommended daily calorie intake, with low protein and fiber intake. Patients' diets relied on readily available and inexpensive foods like refined wheat products, with high fat and low fruit and vegetable consumption. The study concluded that patients lacked nutritional knowledge and consumed an unbalanced diet, suggesting the need for pre-surgical nutrition education and status assessments.
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The document discusses intermittent fasting, which involves consciously skipping meals or restricting eating to specific time windows. It describes several intermittent fasting protocols, such as 16/8 where eating is restricted to an 8-hour window daily. The document then discusses the history of intermittent fasting and how modern lifestyles differ from when our genes evolved. Intermittent fasting is said to help regulate metabolism, increase resistance to stress, convert white fat to brown fat, improve brain function, protect against diseases, and reduce cardiovascular disease risk factors.
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This document discusses the properties and health benefits of garlic. It notes that garlic is a bulbous plant used for seasoning and medicine. It provides a brief history of garlic use in ancient Greece, India, and China. The document outlines some of garlic's main bioactive compounds like allicin and discusses garlic's antimicrobial, antihypertensive, cardiovascular, and anticancer properties. It summarizes that garlic may help reduce blood pressure and the risk of diseases due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
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Brown rice has several health benefits over white rice. It is higher in nutrients like magnesium, fiber, and antioxidants. Studies show brown rice may help reduce risk of cardiovascular disease, obesity, and diabetes. The antioxidants and fibers in brown rice help lower blood glucose and cholesterol levels. Brown rice also acts as an antioxidant, helping reduce oxidative stress and potentially preventing cancer cell growth. Further research is still needed on the bioavailability of brown rice's beneficial components in humans.
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This document summarizes a study assessing the impact of lifestyle interventions on men and women aged 24-50 with prediabetes in Mumbai, India. The study involved 35 participants who received nutritional education and were encouraged to increase physical activity and make healthier diet choices. Biochemical parameters, eating habits, and physical activity levels were measured before and after the 2-month intervention. The results showed reductions in fasting blood sugar, post-lunch blood sugar, consumption of fried and junk foods, and sweetened products. Physical activity levels increased. The nutritional education and lifestyle changes had a positive impact on the health of prediabetic participants.
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1) The study examined the effect of calcium status on 80 hypertensive patients aged 35-70 years.
2) Biochemical parameters and dietary intake were analyzed and found that serum calcium levels and dietary calcium intake were significantly lower in grade 1 hypertensive patients compared to normotensive patients.
3) Anthropometric measurements like age, hip circumference, and energy intake were positively associated with hypertension, while serum calcium and dietary calcium were inversely associated with hypertension.
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The study aimed to determine the prevalence of obesity among young girls aged 18-22 years in the Dawoodi Bohra community in central Mumbai. A sample of 405 girls was assessed using anthropometric measurements, dietary recalls, and questionnaires. The results found a 5% prevalence of obesity and 15% prevalence of overweight individuals. Obese and overweight subjects had higher calorie and fat intake compared to recommendations. Neck circumference of 33.35cm or more accurately predicted obesity with high sensitivity and specificity. Overall, dietary patterns needed improvement and more physical activity was recommended to manage weight.
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The study aimed to determine the impact of an 8-week nutrition education program on the knowledge, attitudes, practices, and lifestyle habits of 150 orphan girls aged 10-15 in Mumbai, India. Baseline assessments found the girls' diets to be deficient in some nutrients compared to recommendations. After the program, the girls' nutrition knowledge and attitudes increased significantly, though their practices did not fully change due to relying on institution-provided meals. Overall, the study suggests nutrition education can improve orphan girls' health literacy but that organized feeding and hygienic living conditions also need to be addressed for optimal nutrition status.
Feeding practices in toddlers
The document discusses a study that assessed the nutritional status and feeding practices of toddlers aged 12-24 months in Mumbai, India. 90 mothers participated in interviews about their child's feeding patterns, diet, and anthropometric measurements. Key findings included that working mothers were less likely to breastfeed, families with higher incomes preferred readymade foods, and toddlers' weight and height increased with age appropriately. The type of food fed did not significantly impact the toddlers' current nutritional status.
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Effect of Cinnamon,clove and bayleaf on Diabetes
This study evaluated the effects of consuming a mixture of cinnamon, clove, and bay leaf powder on blood glucose levels in 100 type 2 diabetes patients aged 30-70. The experimental group (n=33) consumed 6g per day for 6 weeks, while the control group (n=31) did not. Fasting blood sugar significantly decreased in the experimental group compared to controls. Both fasting and post-prandial blood sugars also significantly decreased within the experimental group pre- and post-intervention. Protein intake increased and fat intake decreased significantly in the experimental group as well. The study concluded the herbal mixture can help control blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes patients.
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This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a nutrition and lifestyle education program on the nutritional status of 150 elderly adults (ages 50-95 years) living in two old age homes in Mumbai, India. The study assessed nutritional status, nutrient intake, nutrition knowledge, and happiness levels before and after the 2-month education program. The results showed slight improvements in BMI, fruit and vegetable intake, physical activity, and nutrition knowledge after the intervention. However, no significant differences were found in energy, protein, fat, or carbohydrate intake between BMI groups before and after the program. The study concluded the education program had a positive impact on behaviors and eating habits of the elderly participants.
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- 1. Diet In Disease of Cardio Vascular System Mrs Anuradha Shekar HOD of Food Science and Nutrition Dr.B.M.N College of Home Science (Matunga)
- 4. Risk Factors Drinking Alochohol. Drinking Coffee Drinking Soft water Food Habits Excess Fat and Sugar Behaviour Patterns and Personality Tract Obesity Endomorphic Body Build Hyperlipidemia (Especially hypercholesterolemia) Sedentary life Family History Diabetes mellitus Snoking Age Hypertension Stress Sex Background Information. Learned Behaviour (Intervene and Changes) Personal Characteristics
- 7. Summary of Fatty Acids in Arteriosclerosis No change Platelet No change No change Trigycerides No change No change HDL Cholesterol Blood Cholesterol N-3 N-6 Oleic SFA
- 8. Cholesterol Level in the diet should not exceed 300 mg. Liver Synthesis as much as 2 gms of cholesterol per day. If cholesterol levels are above 260mg/dl, it is almost impossible to bring about a drop, sufficient to reduce heart disease by diet alone.