This document discusses various non-communicable diseases (NCDs) including cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, chronic respiratory diseases, and hypertension. It provides definitions and descriptions of diseases such as arteriosclerosis, coronary heart disease, heart attack, angina pectoris, rheumatic fever, heart rhythm abnormalities, and congestive heart failure. The document also discusses cancer types including carcinoma, sarcoma, lymphoma, and leukemia. It outlines guidelines for cancer screening and ways to treat cancer including radiation therapy, immunotherapy, chemotherapy, and anti-cancer drugs. Risk factors for NCDs mentioned include malnutrition, unhealthy diet, obesity, physical inactivity, smoking, and alcohol.

1. Dr.Shahzad A,Daula
President
The Human Welfare Foundation

2. It is a disease of the heart and
blood vessels.
This is the leading cause of
mortality in the world.

3. Arteriosclerosis
Hardening or thickening
of the arteries.

4. Coronary heart disease
Coronary arteries are narrowed or
blocked.

5. Heart attack-
An injury to heart
muscle caused by
reduced blood supply.

6. Angina Pectoris
Narrowing of coronary
arteries due to heart getting
inadequate quantity of
oxygen resulting to chest
pains.

7. Rheumatic fever-
Happens when the
immune system
attacks the heart.

8. Heart rhythm abnormality
when heart beat is not
in rhythm.

9. Congestive heart failur
The heart is not able to
pump blood causing liquid
to accumulate in the
lungs and other areas of
the body.

10. Stroke-
Occurs when blood vessels
in the brain are broken or
blocked
.

11. A group of disease
where in the cells
divide in an
uncontrolled phase.

12. Benign-
Non cancerous May
growlarger but do not
spread to other parts of
the

13. FOUR CATEGORIES
OF CANCER

14. Carcinoma
Most common form of
cancer.
Breast, uterus, prostate,
lung, stomach, colon and
rectum

15. Sarcoma
Connective or supportive
cancers which include
muscle, bone, fat, blood
vessels and cartilage
cancers.

16. Lymphoma
Cancers arising in
cells of lymphatic
tissues or the
immune system.

17. Leukemia
A cancer in the
blood or bone
marrow.

18. Guidelinesfor CommonScreening Procedures
for Major NCDs
Cancerwarning signs
Changein bowel or bladderhabits
Asore that does not heal
Unusual bleeding or discharge
Thickening or lump in the breast orelsewhere
Indigestion or difficulty swallowing Obvious change in
warts or moles Nagging cough or hoarseness in voice
Unexplained anemia
Suddenweight loss

19. WAYS TO TREAT CANCER
Radiation therapy
High energy radiation to kill or
damage the cancer cells

20. Immunotherapy
treatment where
the immune system
is stimulated to
fight cancer cells.

21. Anti Cancer drugs use to
damage the abnormal cells
Chemotherapy

22. How can you
reduce the
risk of
Cancer?

23.  Identify the signs and
symptoms of cancer.
 Do have regular check-ups
 Practice non-tobacco lifestyle
 Avoid too much exposure to sun
 Eat fruits and vegetables

24.  Observe meats you eat
 Exercise and maintain the
right weight
 Avoid drinking alcohol
 Avoid being exposed
to dangerous chemicals

25. A disease in which
the body produces
little or no insulin
at all.

26. Type 1 Diabetes
“Insulin dependent
diabetes”
Increased thirst, frequent
urination, continuous
hunger, weight loss,
blurred vision tiredness.

27. Type 2 Diabetes
“Non-Insulin
dependent”
Gestational Diabetes
Occurs is females
during pregnancies

28. A chronic
condition in which
breathing
becomes difficult.

29.  HYPERSENSITIVITY
Exaggerated
response to an
antibody forming
substance or antigen.
Not- contagious.

30. RISK FACTORS OF NON_
COMMUNICABLE DISEASE
 Malnutrition
 Unhealthy diet
 Obesity
 Physical activity
 Smoking
 Alcohol

31. Jzak Allah