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Diabetes and Diet Presentation
- 1. Diabetes and Diet Presentation BasandaBoruhova RN CUNY School of Professional Studies May 12, 2015
- 2. What is diabetes? Is increasingly common health condition, effecting 29.1 million Americans Diabetes can happen to ANYONE Risk factors: Obesity High cholesterol High blood pressure Physical inactivity Family history of diabetes Diabetes is more common in Native Americans, African Americans, Hispanic Americans and Asian Americans/Pacific Islanders
- 3. What goes wrongin diabetes? Insulin is hormone that allows the glucose to get inside the cells where it can be used for energy Glucose is form of sugar that provide energy to the body
- 4. Symptoms of diabetes Hypoglycemia Shaky Fast heartbeat Sweating Dizzy Anxious Hungry Blurry vision Weakness/fatigue Headache Irritable Hyperglycemia Extreme thirst Need to urinate often Dry skin Hungry Blurry vision Drowsy Slow healing wounds Normal glucose level 70-110 mg/dl For diabetics 100-150mg/dl
- 5. What are carbohydrates? Quickly and easily breakdown into glucose, hence they are sugar The MAIN source of energy for the body Carbs are foods that effect sugar levels the most Example of carbs are: fruits, starchy vegetables, breads, pastas, rice, sugar, syrup, honey Think BUDGET!
- 6. Carbohydrate count can befound in the nutrition facts label Remember, amount of carb to eat per day varies depending on age, medications taken, blood level of sugar, body weight, physical activity level.
- 7. What foods shouldI eat? Beans – nutritious, high in fiber, good source of potassium and magnesium Dark green leafy vegetables – low in calories and carbohydrates (e.g. spinach, collards, kale) Citrus fruit – contains fiber and vit C (e.g. grapefruit, oranges, lemons and limes) Sweet potato – full of vit A and fiber Berries – any type, great source of antioxidants, vitamins and fibers Tomatoes – pureed, raw, or in the sauce makes no difference Fish – high in Omega-3 fatty acids, salmon is best choice Whole grain – barley, oats are nutritious Nuts – are best choice in managing hunger Low fat milk and yogurt Fiber is form of sugar but it does not contribute into calories. Recommended to eat 20-35 grams per day. Fiber adds bulk making one feel full. 6-8 cups of water recommended to avoid constipation
- 8. Eating out Choosea restraint that offers healthy food choices Eat vegetable instead of French fries Try fish or poultry that is grilled or boiled instead of fried and breaded or foods that are in heavy sauce. Ask for salad dressing and sauces on the side Choose foods that you really like but make accommodations: skip on the potato if you’re having your favorite bread roll If you order your favorite entrée, either share or take half home Remember, dining out is a social experience – so concentrate on sharing time with family and friends Choose your favorite dessert but make sure to share it with your companions and take care a walk afterwards Sugar substitute- do not contain or have few calories. Splenda contains 1 gr of carb per packet so chose Equal, Sweet N’ Low instead
- 9. Ordering dessert Instead ofcake, cookies, or ice cream, try: Sugar-free jello or hard candies (but always read the Nutrition Label on every food for serving size information) Sugar-free hot cocoa Fruit with cool whip Lower fat cookies like ginger snaps, vanilla wafers, graham crackers, animal crackers (again, observe serving size) No sugar added pudding or fudgsicles Eating very small portions of your favorite treat Instead of potato chips or tortilla chips, try: Low-sodium pretzels Air-popped popcorn Baked chips or baked tortilla chips Cut raw veggies with low fat dip, salsa, or low fat cream cheese Pickles
- 10. What foods wouldyou choose to eat for BREAKFAST? Drink Fruit
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- 12. What foods wouldyou choose to eat for LUNCH/DINNER? Drink Fruit
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- 14. Is alcohol offlimits with diabetes? Facts: Alcohol can cause low blood sugar shortly after drinking up to 24 hours Symptoms of drunkenness and low blood sugar are similar - sleepiness, dizziness and disorientation – wear ID band “I have diabetes” to avoid confusion Moderation is important with alcohol consumption Do not drink on empty stomach Check your sugar before drinking, do not drink if sugar is low Sip your drink slowly to savor it and make it last longer Sweet wines, sweet vermouth and wine coolers – may increase your sugar level TALK TO YOUR DOCTOR BEFORE DRINKING With your doctor's approval, alcohol should be limited to two drinks a day. A "drink" is defined as a 12 ounce beer (preferably light beer), a 4 ounce glass or wine or a 2 ounce glass of dry sherry or 1.5 ounces of a distilled beverage, such as whiskey, rye, vodka or gin.
- 15. Tips to remainengaged in self- management of diabetes You already acquired the first tip – educating yourself about diabetes and diabetic diet Next, see a nutritionist or your doctor to find out what is YOUR carb requirement, so you can enjoy your favorite foods spread out throughout the day Develop social support to manage diabetes better Accept it and say to yourself “I will handle it!” Ask your doctor “This is what I learned, is this applicable to me?”