Cardiovascular spotting TEST
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This document contains summaries of 10 medical cases. Each case includes an investigation, findings from imaging or other tests, a diagnosis, and sometimes a recommendation for additional testing. The cases cover a range of cardiac and vascular conditions seen on chest x-rays or other imaging modalities. The document demonstrates the radiologist's role in synthesizing imaging findings to form concise diagnostic impressions.
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19 cardiac anatomy and Imaging techniques Dr. Muhammad Bin Zulfiqar
This is a chapter from Grainger and Allison. I have Coolected all images from chapter 19 with caption in this presentation.
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1. The patient underwent chemotherapy for pancreatic cancer and placement of a port-a-cath. Imaging showed two breaks in the catheter and "pinch off" of the catheter at the insertion site, consistent with pinch-off syndrome.
2. Chest x-ray showed the left diaphragm higher than the right with increased distance from the stomach, suggestive of a subpulmonic pleural effusion.
3. CT showed a unilateral grade II germinal matrix hemorrhage.
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Left Paratracheal Stripe
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Radiographic Presentation of Congenital Heart Disease
1. The document discusses the radiographic presentation of various congenital heart diseases including atrial septal defects, ventricular septal defects, patent ductus arteriosus, atrioventricular septal defects, pulmonic stenosis, aortic stenosis, coarctation of the aorta, tetralogy of Fallot, Ebstein's anomaly, transposition of the great arteries, truncus arteriosus, and total anomalous pulmonary venous connection.
2. Key findings on chest x-rays are described such as enlargement of specific heart chambers, changes in pulmonary vascularity, positioning of the great vessels, and rib notching.
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Recommended
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This is a chapter from Grainger and Allison. I have Coolected all images from chapter 19 with caption in this presentation.
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The document describes the Van Praagh classification system for congenital heart disease, which uses a three-part notation to describe the visceroatrial situs, ventricular loop orientation, and great vessel arrangement. It first reviews related embryology, then outlines the three steps of the classification system: 1) determining the visceroatrial situs as situs solitus, situs inversus, or situs ambiguus, 2) assessing the ventricular loop orientation, and 3) evaluating the position and relationship of the great vessels. Key anatomic features are described to identify each component of the classification.
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This document outlines various types of shoulder and upper arm trauma that can be seen on radiographs. It discusses shoulder dislocations, fractures of the clavicle, scapula and humerus, as well as injuries to the rotator cuff and elbow such as supracondylar fractures. For each type of injury, the document describes the typical radiographic findings and features that help with diagnosis. It provides guidance on which imaging views are necessary to properly evaluate different traumatic injuries of the shoulder girdle and upper extremity.
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3. Diuretic renal scans with MAG3 or DTPA and Lasix are used to evaluate obstruction by assessing tracer washout from the renal pelvises,
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MR spectroscopy
MR spectroscopy is a non-invasive technique that uses MRI to measure brain chemistry. It provides information about metabolites like NAA, creatine, and choline to help characterize lesions and diseases. Single-voxel MRS is less advanced but faster, while multi-voxel MRS examines more areas but takes longer. MRS is an additive test that is interpreted along with conventional MRI images to aid diagnosis.
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The document contains findings from 14 radiology cases summarized in 3 sentences or less:
Case 1 describes bilateral symmetrical bulky hila and a diagnosis of sarcoidosis stage 1. Case 2 finds large rounded nodules with calcification, a diagnosis of pneumoconiosis with progressive massive fibrosis. Case 3 finds left upper lobe hyperinflation and herniation in a young child, diagnosed as congenital lobar emphysema.
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Cardiovascular spotting TEST
- 3. Investigation. Brachiocephalic angiogram 01 Catheter in arch of aorta ---- 01 findings Right sided cervical rib --- 02 Mild narrowing of the right subclavian artery 02 Diagnosis. Thoracic outlet syndrome ----- 03 Next– EMG ( electromyography)/ CT angio ---- 01
- 4. CASE 2
- 5. •X-ray chest PA view of a child (01) •Enlarged heart (02) •Sharp margins (01) •No specific chamber enlargement (01) •Lungs ------ clear (02) •Diagnosis: - Pericardial effusion (02) •Advised: - Echocardiography (01)
- 6. CASE 3
- 7. •X-ray chest PA view of adult male patient (01) •Cardiac shadow enlarged with smooth bulge along left ventricular border (02) •Main pulmonary and aorta ---- Normal (01) •Lungs ------ Normal (01) •Diagnosis: - Left ventricular Aneurysm (03) •Diffrential diagnosis ; pericardial cyst. Hydatid cyst (01) •Advised: - Echocardiography (01)
- 8. CASE 4
- 9. •X-ray chest PA view of adult male patient (01) •Enlarged aortic arch on left side (02) •Prominent ascending aorta (02) •Bilateral inferior rib notching (02) •Diagnosis: - Coarctation of aorta (02) •Advised: - CT / MRI (01)
- 11. Chest xray of a child ---01. Findings Central venous line on the left side– 02 Right sided pneumothorax ----- 01 ETT --- 01 N/G tube in stomach ------ 01 Sternotomy sutures------ 01 Diagnosis ---- left sided SVC with pneumothorax - 02 Next --- echo 01
- 13. •X-ray chest PA view of adult male patient (01) •Enlarged main pulmonary artery (01) •Enlarged hilar vessels (01) •Cardiomegaly (01) •Hyperinflated, hypertransradiant lungs with flat diaphragm (02) •Diagnosis: - Pulmonary arterial hypertension secondary to COPD (03) •Advised: - Echocardiography (01)
- 15. Investigation. DSA arch aortogram ----02 Findings. Multifocal areas of stricturing and narrowing of all the major branches of arch of aorta at –03 Complete occlusion of right subclavian –01 Collaterals --- 01 Diagnosis --- takayasu arteritis 02 D. Diagnosis – atherosclerosis 01
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- 17. •X-ray chest AP view of a child (01) •Double-density shadow (02) •Splaying of the carina (02) •Strightening of left heart border (01) •Upper lobe blood diversion (01) •Diagnosis: - Mitral valve disease (02) •Advised: - Echocardiography (01)
- 19. Investigation CT chest with contarst mediastinal window---- 01 Findings. Dense pericardial calcification --- 03 No pericardial effusion --- 01 Lungs --- clear – 01 Diagnsois – constrictive pericarditis 03 Next-- echo --- 01
- 21. Investigation CT scan chest and upper abdomen soft tissue window. --01 Findings Dilated azygos vein in its whole length ---- 02 Draining into the SVC --- 02 Heart normal – 01 Diagnosis; azygos continuation of IVC --- 02 D. Diagnosis --- 02 Right sided aortic arch Enlarged L.N Obstruction of SVC and IVC