Heart failure is when the heart cannot supply sufficient blood flow to the body. It causes symptoms like fatigue, shortness of breath, and fluid retention. Common causes include coronary artery disease, heart valve defects, hypertension, and congenital heart defects. Diagnosis involves imaging tests like chest x-rays, echocardiograms, and CT scans to examine the structure and function of the heart. Management consists of patient education, dietary changes, exercise, and drug therapy.

2. Topic - Heart Failure
PRESENTER MODERATOR ANKUR
VERMA MR. SUNEEL KUMAR SAKSENA
BRIT FINAL YEAR. "sir"

3. CONTENTS
 Introduction
 Sign & Symptoms
 Cause
 Diagnosis -Radiological
imaging
 Other diagnosis
 Management

4. Cardiac Anatomy

5. Introduction
 Heart failure is the inability of the heart to
supply adequate blood flow and therefore
oxygen delivery to peripheral tissues and
organs.
 Heart failure is not disease but group of
manifestation in which inadequate pump
performance of heart that leads to pulmonary
and systemic congestion.
 heart failure involves right and left ventricals or
both .

6. Signs & Symptoms
 Fatigue & weakness
 Rapid and irregular heartbeat
 Shortness of breathing
 Fluide retention and weight gain
 Loss of appetite
 Nausea and vomiting
 Cough
 Chest pain ( by myocardial infraction)

9. Causes
 Coronary artery disease
 Defective heart valves
 Arrhythmia
 Cardiac muscle disease
 Hypertension
 Congenital heart disease
 Diabetes
 Hyperthyroidism
 Anemia

10. During preload
• Atrial septal defect
• Congenital defect
• Palmonary valve stenosis
During afterload
• Aortic valve stenosis
• Ventricular septal defect
• Coronary thrombosis
• Size and thickness of
ventricles

11. Acute heart failure
Acute left side heart failure may develop
in case of normal CPS (cardiopericardial
silhouettet) or previously disease.
In acute left sided heart failure
pulmonary veins are dilated.
Acute right sided heart failure due to
dilation of azygous vain.

12. Chronic heart failure
 In the condition of chronic left sided
heart failure cardiac chambers are
enlarged with pulmonary Venus
hypertension and with bilateral plural
effusion.
 Chronic right sided heart failure is due
to lung vascularity and CPS
enlargement.

15. Heart failure and radiological
imaging
Plain radiograph
Chest x-ray findings include
pleural effusions,
cardiomegaly (enlargement of
the cardiac silhouette), Kerley
B lines (horizontal lines in the
periphery of the lower
posterior lung fields), upper
lobe pulmonary venous
congestion and interstitial
edema.

17.  CT scan - cardiac CT scanning is usually
not required in the routine diagnosis and
management of heart failure
 Computed tomography is very useful
for imaging of cardiac chambers and
pericardium.
 Modern multi slice scanning allows
non invasive coronary angiography
with spatial resolution.
 Echocardiography and MRI may provide
similar information without exposing the
patient to ionizing radiation.

18. Coronary calcium

19. Diagnosis
 ECG - use to assess cardiac rhythm and
conduction.
 Coronary Angiogram
 Myocardial biopsy

21. Other diagnosis
 Serum urea creatinine test
 Hemoglobin thyroid function
 ECG and chest x-ray

22. Management
Education of patients and their relatives
about the cause & treatment of heart failure.
Diet
Excercise
Drug therapy

23. Management