this presentation contains information about sigmund freud's theories (psychosexual development, personality components, and the topographical model)

2. • Most popular and most controversial
psychologist that studied the
development of personality
• Theory of psychosexual development
5 distinct stages
• Freud: a person goes through the
sequence and along the way there are
needs to be met (whether met or not,
determines if the person will develop
a healthy personality or not)

3. • Erogenous zone specific area that
becomes the focus of pleasure needs
(“pleasure areas”)
 mouth, anus, genitals
• If needs are not met, a fixation occurs.
• Fixation results from failure to satisfy
the needs of a particular psychosexual
stage
• As an adult, the person will now manifest
behaviors related to the erogenous zone.

4. (OAPhaLaGe)
1. Oral Stage -mouth
2. Anal Stage -anus
3. Phallic Stage -genitals
4. Latency Stage -none
5. Genital Stage -genitals

5. STAGE AGE FOCUS MAJOR DEV’T FIXATION
1. Oral
Birth to 18
months
Mouth-
sucking,
chewing, biting
Weaning off of
breastfeeding
Smoking,
overeating
2. Anal
18 moths to 3
years
Anus- bowel
and bladder
elimination
Toilet training Orderliness,
messiness
3. Phallic 3-6 years
Genitals-
coping with
incestuous
sexual feelings
Resolving
Oedipus and
Electra
Complex
Deviancy,
sexual
dysfunction
4. Latency 6- puberty
None- dormant
sexual feeling
Developing
defense
mechanisms
None
5. Genitals 12+
Genitals-
maturation of
sexual interest
Reaching full
sexual maturity
If all the stages
are successfully
completed, the
person would be
sexually mature
and mentally
healthy.

6. 1. Id- pleasure
if not constrained by reality, it seeks immediate
gratification; satisfaction of own needs
2. Ego- reality
satisfying the id’s desires in ways that will realistically
bring pleasure rather than pain; practicality
3. Superego- morality
 Represents internalized ideals and provides
standards for judgment and for future aspirations;
inner voice or conscience

7. • Too much id:
-too impulsive
-pleasure-seeking
• Too much superego:
-harsh
-judgmental to himself & others

8. • How he/she was brought up
• How parents give needs
• Allowed things wanted to do
• How he was thought about right &
wrong
“Personality of an individual is formed
early during the childhood years.”
-Freud

9. • The Unconscious- deep within/ out of reach but still
affects our actions, emotions, feelings, thinking
• The Conscious- all that we are aware of; we are only
aware of a very small part of what makes up our
personality; most of what we are is hidden and out of
reach
• The Subconscious- a.k.a. preconscious; we can reach if
prompted/ asked but not in our active conscious; right
below the surface but still “hidden” unless we search
for it
• Nonconscious- all that we are not aware of, have not
experienced, and has not been part of our personalities