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Freud final
- 1. PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY FOUNDER: SIGMUND FREUD - viewed as the father of Psychology, pillar or original initiator of the Psychoanalytic approach on Human behavior GROUP 5: Aldin Elona Mayleen Ranelle
- 2. KEY CONCEPTS I.HUMAN NATURE II.INSTINCTS III.THEORY OF PERSONALITY a. Structural/Topographical –ID, Ego, Superego b. Functional or Dynamic – Consciousness and The Unconscious IV. ANXIETY V. EGO DEFENSE MECHANISM VI.PSYCHOSEXUAL DEVT.
- 3. KEY CONCEPTS I. HUMAN NATURE “DETERMINISTIC” – Simply put, Human Nature, Happens because it happens, our behavior is determined by Irrational forces, unconscious motivations and biological & instinctual drives that are stemmed from repressed childhood memories or experiences that hold a certain degree of impact to our lives
- 4. PSYCHOANALYSIS -emphasizes that behavior is motivated by the subconscious thoughts and feelings -Experiences of the first 6 yrs of life are determinants of later development of personality -this is dsicovering the unconscious mind and repressed thoughts, feelings and conflicts that cause the anxiety (Theory of Anxiety) and helping the person gain the insight into and resolve the conflicts (Therapy)
- 5. II. INSTINCTS LIFE INSTINCTS(EROS) - Deals with basic survival, pleasure & reproduction DEATH INSTINCTS (THANATOS) - Unconscious desire to die or to hurt oneself or others
- 6. 1.Structural or Topographical ID- focus on wants and needs (Biological Component ) -not rational, present at birth, first portion of personality to develop - aims at achieving pleasure and avoiding pain ( Pleasure principle ) EGO- opposite of Id -focuses on justice or morality (Psychological Component) - judgment portion of the personality - Reality principle -purpose: to set EQUILIBRIUM SUPEREGO – decides if things is good/bad- social conscience (Social Component) ideals *basis of Psychoanalytic explanation of mental illness III. THEORY OF PERSONALITY
- 7. III. THEORY OF PERSONALITY 2. Functional or Dynamic - Mind has two main parts: CONSCIOUS - awareness of our mental (small portion) , includes thoughts and feelings UNCONSCIOUS – contains all impulses , desires and feelings that are beyong awareness , is the core of the person ( largest portion) Eg. Dreams, hypnosis 3 LEVEL OF AWARENESS: CONSCIOUS, PRECONCIOUS, UNCONCIOUS
- 8. IV. ANXIETY - A.k.a. as the feeling of “dread” that results from repressed feelings - Arises from the conflict among id, ego and superego - state of tension that compels the person to do something - 3 kinds: 1. Reality Anxiety – fear of danger of the external world 2. Neurotic – fear of punishment 3. Moral Anxiety – fear of ones conscience
- 9. V. DEFENSE MECHANISM -strategy develop by the ego to protect against anxiety VI. PSYCHOSEXUAL DEVELOPMENT - One of the significant contribution of psychoanalytic model is providing framework for psychosexual and psychosocial devt from birth to adulthood - -personality develops through a series of childhood stages
- 11. What is psychosexualWhat is psychosexual development?development? Freud believed that adultFreud believed that adult personality problems werepersonality problems were the result of earlythe result of early experiences in life.experiences in life. He believed that we goHe believed that we go through five stages ofthrough five stages of psychosexual developmentpsychosexual development and that at each stage ofand that at each stage of development wedevelopment we experience pleasure in oneexperience pleasure in one part of the body than inpart of the body than in others.others.
- 12. What are erogenous zones?What are erogenous zones? Erogenous zones are parts of the body that have especially strong pleasure-giving qualities at particular stages of development.
- 13. What is psychosexualWhat is psychosexual development?development? Freud thought that our adult personality is determined by the way we resolve conflicts between these early sources of pleasure—the mouth, the anus and the genitals—and the demands of reality.
- 14. What is fixation?What is fixation? Fixation is the psychoanalytic defense mechanism that occurs when the individual remains locked in an earlier developmental stage because needs are under- or over-gratified
- 15. Examples of fixationExamples of fixation Weaning a child too early or until too late Being too strict in toilet training the child Punishing the child for masturbation Smothering the child with too much attention
- 17. I. Oral StageI. Oral Stage It occurs during the first 18 months of life when the infant’s pleasure centers on the mouth. Chewing, sucking and biting are chief sources of pleasure and these actions reduces tension in the infant.
- 18. Fixations at oral stage:Fixations at oral stage:
- 19. Fixations at oral stage:Fixations at oral stage:
- 20. II. Anal StageII. Anal Stage It is the second stage of oral development that occurs between 1 ½ until 3 years of age, in which the child’s greatest pleasure involves the anus or the eliminative functions associated with it.
- 21. II. Anal StageII. Anal Stage In Freud’s view, the exercise of anal muscles reduces tension.
- 22. II. Anal StageII. Anal Stage Through toilet training, the child comes in contact with the rules of society.
- 23. Fixations at anal stage:Fixations at anal stage:
- 24. Fixations at anal stage:Fixations at anal stage:
- 25. III. Phallic StageIII. Phallic Stage It occurs between the ages of 3-6. The word “phallic” comes the Latin word “phallus,” which means “penis.” During this stage, pleasure focuses on the genitals as the child discovers that self- stimulation is enjoyable.
- 26. Importance of Phallic StageImportance of Phallic Stage In Freud’s view, the phallic stage has a special importance in personality development because this period triggers the Oedipus Complex.
- 27. What is the Oedipus Complex?What is the Oedipus Complex? The Oedipus Complex is the young child’s development of an intense desire to replace the parent of the same sex and enjoy the affection of the opposite-sex parent.
- 28. Resolving the Oedipus ComplexResolving the Oedipus Complex At about 5-6 years of age, children recognize that their same-sex parent might punish them for their incestuous wishes. To reduce the conflict, the child identifies with the same- sex parent, striving to be like him/her. If the conflict is not resolved, the individual may become fixated at the phallic stage.
- 29. Fixation at Phallic StageFixation at Phallic Stage
- 30. Fixation at Phallic StageFixation at Phallic Stage
- 31. IV. Latency StageIV. Latency Stage It occurs at approximately between 6 years of age until puberty. At this stage, the child represses all interest in sexuality and develops social and intellectual skills.
- 32. IV. Latency StageIV. Latency Stage The pursuit of social and academic activities channels much of the child’s energy into emotionally safe areas and aids the child in forgetting the highly stressful conflicts of the phallic stage
- 33. V. Genital StageV. Genital Stage The final stage of psychosexual development occurs from puberty onwards. It is the time of sexual reawakening, but the source of sexual pleasure now becomes someone outside the family.
- 34. V. Genital StageV. Genital Stage Freud believed that unresolved conflicts with parents re- emerged during adolescence. Once resolved, Freud believed that the individual capable of developing a mature love relationship and functioning independently as an adult.