Philosophical and ethical foundations of values is a topic from values education for education students, good motive, classification of act, law and its importance, different kinds of laws, human positive law, divine positive law, values on human acts, acts of man, kinds of human acts, elicited acts, commanded acts, classification of actions, moral actions, immoral actions, amoral actions

1. PHILOSOHICA
L & ETHICAL
FOUNDATIONS
OF VALUES

2. GOOD MOTIVE
An act of a person is not only a use
of energy in both mental and bodily
activity.
A good motive is pertaining to
justice and truth.
Too much indulgence of the self is a
form of personal injustice to oneself.

3. CLASSIFICATIONOF AN ACT
1. WHO
doer or receiver of the act; includes status,
age, educational attainment, family
background and economic status of the
person
2. WITH WHOM
companion in the performance of an act
3. HOW
manner how the act is made or performed

4. CLASSIFICATIONOF AN ACT
4. WHAT
quantity & quality of the act committed
5. WHERE
place where the act was committed
6. WHY
objectives done by the doer
7. WHEN
time when the act was done

5. LAW& ITS IMPORTANCE
Law is a branch of knowledge
concerned with jurisprudence.
It is a rule of conduct recognized by
custom or by formal enactment.
Laws are essential to guide men
towards what is desirable for them
and for the whole society

6. LAW& ITS IMPORTANCE
Without laws, there will be
chaos and each one will act
according to their will without
giving value for the common
good.
Without laws, we cannot find
our ultimate purpose in life.

7. DIFFERENT KINDS OF LAW
1. HUMAN POSITIVE LAW
laws promulgated by a legitimate
authority
may be in state or church made to create
peace and order in our society
2. DIVINE POSITIVE LAW
laws promulgated by special command
of God

8. DIFFERENT KINDS OF LAW
Human Positive Law and Divine Positive
Law originated from the Eternal Law.
Eternal Law is the law designed by God as a
Supreme Creator of things.
Moral law binds in conscience what has to
be done right and avoid wrongdoings.

9. VALUES ON HUMANACTS
HUMAN ACTS ACTS OF MAN
Actions which man can
perform freely,
voluntarily, and has the
capability of knowing it
Done by having
awareness of what
oneself is doing
Performed by own will
or volition by acting
freely and not by force
or duress (wilful act)
Actions which really
happen in man
unexpectedly
Instinctive and not
within the control of
his will
Actions biological and
physiological in man
such as inspiration,
love, jealousy, and
anger

10. KINDS OF HUMANACTS
1. ELICITED ACTS
acts performed by will excluding the
volition on bodily movement
2. COMMANDED ACTS
performed either by man’s mental
and bodily movement but under
the command of the will

11. KINDS OF HUMANACTS
COMMANDED ACTS
*Internal Actions
recalling, reasoning or controlling
emotions
*External Actions
may be performed through reading,
listening, walking, jumping, etc.
*Combination of internal & external:
reading, driving, writing a letter, studying

12. CLASSIFICATIONS OF ACTIONS
1. MORAL ACTIONS
actions in conformity with the norms of morality; good
actions (telling the truth, working, loving a friend,
paying obligation)
2. IMMORAL ACTIONS
actions not in conformity with the norms of morality;
not permissible because they are bad/evil
(committing adultery, stealing, murder, lying)
3. AMORAL ACTIONS
actions which stand neutral in the norms of morality;
may be good/bad (watching movie while cutting
classes)