Sight translation
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This document outlines the syllabus for a sight translation course. It discusses different types of interpreting, including consecutive, simultaneous, and liaison interpreting. Sight translation is described as translating a written text orally, combining elements of written translation and interpreting. The course will focus on improving oral translation skills and analyzing translations. Students will practice translating current events, work in groups, and record individual sentence translations for analysis. Evaluation will consist of writing reports transcribing and analyzing class translations.
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The document discusses the differences between sight translation and written translation, with sight translation being the oral rendering of a written document from one language to another. It also outlines important skills required of interpreters for sight translation such as reading comprehension, prediction, and maintaining pace and accuracy when orally translating a document. Various exercises are proposed to help interpreters improve their skills for sight translation.
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This document outlines an agenda and goals for a class on interpreting. The class will discuss managing sight translation and complete practice exercises. Students will turn in an assignment, discuss the differences between sight translation and other types of translation/interpreting. They will also discuss strategies for sight translation including maintaining pace and delivery. The document provides examples of documents that require sight translation and outlines exercises to improve skills like reading comprehension, mental agility and translation ability.
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This document discusses various aspects of interpretation, including:
1. What interpretation is, involving expressing a spoken message from one language to another simultaneously or consecutively.
2. Different levels of interpreter skills from minimal to master professional performance. The higher levels demonstrate greater accuracy, nuance, and ability to interpret complex spoken language.
3. The key difference between interpretation, which involves orally translating real-time spoken language, versus translation, which involves converting written text between languages with more time for accuracy.
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Translation theory
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2. It argues that understanding the cognitive process translators undergo when translating a text is important for improving translation skills.
3. Several experts are quoted warning that current understanding of the brain and memory is insufficient to fully describe the translation process, and that both descriptive and inductive approaches are needed.
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TT Sight Translation
The document discusses the differences between sight translation and written translation, with sight translation being the oral rendering of a written document from one language to another. It also outlines important skills required of interpreters for sight translation such as reading comprehension, prediction, and maintaining pace and accuracy when orally translating a document. Various exercises are proposed to help interpreters improve their skills for sight translation.
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This document outlines an agenda and goals for a class on interpreting. The class will discuss managing sight translation and complete practice exercises. Students will turn in an assignment, discuss the differences between sight translation and other types of translation/interpreting. They will also discuss strategies for sight translation including maintaining pace and delivery. The document provides examples of documents that require sight translation and outlines exercises to improve skills like reading comprehension, mental agility and translation ability.
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This document discusses various aspects of interpretation, including:
1. What interpretation is, involving expressing a spoken message from one language to another simultaneously or consecutively.
2. Different levels of interpreter skills from minimal to master professional performance. The higher levels demonstrate greater accuracy, nuance, and ability to interpret complex spoken language.
3. The key difference between interpretation, which involves orally translating real-time spoken language, versus translation, which involves converting written text between languages with more time for accuracy.
4. The main modes of interpretation, including simultaneous, consecutive, whispered, relay, liaison and escort interpreting used in different contexts.
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1. The document discusses the need to study the translation process systematically rather than focusing only on models and diagrams.
2. It argues that understanding the cognitive process translators undergo when translating a text is important for improving translation skills.
3. Several experts are quoted warning that current understanding of the brain and memory is insufficient to fully describe the translation process, and that both descriptive and inductive approaches are needed.
History of translstudies
1. Translation studies developed as an academic discipline since the 1970s, drawing from fields like linguistics, comparative literature, and cultural studies.
2. Early work focused on contrastive analysis and equivalence, while recent approaches examine translation as a communicative act within sociocultural contexts.
3. Current theories address issues like text types, skopos, descriptive approaches, the literary polysystem, cultural studies perspectives, and the relationship between theory and practice in the field.
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Our Turkish translation service specializes in technical, law, business, medical, literature and academia which have provided in many languages all over the world. We offer hassle-free premium translation service to the client.
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The document discusses the role of a translator as a mediator between two cultures. It explains that a translator must have in-depth knowledge of both the source and target cultures in order to adequately translate texts while accounting for cultural codes and differences. Specifically, the document states that without knowledge of cultural codes, it is better not to translate at all. It also outlines four key abilities - abstraction, decision, transfer, and criticism - that translators must develop to translate effectively.
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The document defines and describes various types of translation including:
- Oral and written translation which can be done consecutively or simultaneously
- Computer-assisted translation which uses computer programs to aid the human translation process
- Machine translation which uses computer programs to translate without human intervention
It also discusses different types of translation based on factors like the unit, aim, tasks/objectives, and number of translators involved. Some translation types discussed include: literal, idiomatic, committee, common language, dynamic, and thought-for-thought translations.
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Sight translation involves orally translating a written text from one language to another, as opposed to written translation. It requires strong reading comprehension, the ability to predict incomplete messages, and delivering the translation fluently at a steady pace while focusing on units of meaning. Exercises for sight translation include reading aloud, extensive reading to build speed and vocabulary, deciphering handwriting, chunking sentences into smallest units, and parsing sentences into the target language structure.
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The document discusses various translation strategies, techniques and methods. It defines translation strategy and discusses three global strategies employed by translators. It then discusses translation methods and procedures, and defines word-for-word, literal, faithful, semantic and idiomatic translation. Direct and oblique translation techniques are also explained, including borrowing, calque, literal translation, transposition, modulation, reformulation, adaptation and compensation.
Theory of translation
This document provides an overview of the theory of translation and discusses various types and levels of equivalence in translation. It covers the following key points:
- The goal of translation is to transform a text in the source language into the target language while reproducing the content, message, and implications as fully as possible.
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- Grammatical transformations are often needed in translation to achieve equivalence due to differences in source and target language structures. Literal translation is generally unacceptable as it can distort meaning.
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C.nord before translating
Nord highlights two types of translation: documentary translation, which serves to document a source culture communication, and instrumental translation, which serves as an independent message in the target culture. She also emphasizes three important aspects of translation: 1) considering the translation commission/brief, 2) analyzing aspects of the source text like subject matter and composition, and 3) establishing a functional hierarchy of translation problems from deciding the intended function to addressing lower-level linguistic problems.
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The document discusses different types of translation, including:
1. Literal translation, which aims to maintain the form and word order of the original text as much as possible.
2. Free translation, which focuses on conveying the overall meaning through natural language forms and structures in the target language.
3. Communicative translation, which prioritizes effectively communicating the intended message to the target audience over maintaining the original form.
The document also notes that the appropriate translation technique depends on factors like the text type and whether preserving meaning or form is more important for a given text.
Technical Translation
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The document discusses the concept of pragmatic equivalence in translation, which focuses on conveying the intended meaning of a text for a new target readership rather than treating a text as a static object. It explains that coherence and implicature help readers and translators understand how a text makes sense based on context. Several factors are described that can impact a text's coherence for different readers based on their background knowledge and experiences.
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This document provides an introduction and overview of an interpreting class. It discusses different types of interpreting, including consecutive, simultaneous, and liaison interpreting. It also discusses sight translation, which involves orally translating a written text. The class will involve sight translation and consecutive interpreting activities from English to French and vice versa. Students will complete individual oral translations both in class and as recordings, and evaluations will include individual translations and an in-class test.
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This document discusses the history and theories of translation. It summarizes several key theorists and models of translation. Jakobson categorized translation into three types: intralingual translation (within a language), interlingual translation (between languages), and intersemiotic translation (across sign systems). The document also outlines the stages in the development of translation theory from the linguistic stage to the current ethical/aesthetic stage. Finally, it discusses various approaches to translation based on prioritizing the source language or target language, such as word-for-word translation or communicative translation.
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This document discusses translation studies as an academic discipline. It defines translation studies as the field that deals with the theory, description, and application of translation. It notes that translation studies emerged as a formal discipline in the 20th century, with James Holmes laying the foundation for it as a distinct field. The document outlines some of the key areas and divisions within translation studies, such as pure vs applied studies, descriptive vs theoretical approaches, and different types of translation like literary, linguistic, cultural, and professional translation. It also discusses some common translation problems and issues.
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The document discusses various technical components of the translation process. It describes translation as involving interpreting the source text, applying skills to render the meaning in the target language, and re-expressing that meaning. The document outlines different options for translation, including direct/literal translation and oblique translation. It also distinguishes between factual knowledge of languages and procedural knowledge of translation techniques.
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The document discusses the process of translating a paragraph from one language to another. It involves several steps:
1) Reading comprehension - understanding the meaning and key points of the source text.
2) Dividing the text into parts to start the translation process in a structured way.
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1. Translation studies developed as an academic discipline since the 1970s, drawing from fields like linguistics, comparative literature, and cultural studies.
2. Early work focused on contrastive analysis and equivalence, while recent approaches examine translation as a communicative act within sociocultural contexts.
3. Current theories address issues like text types, skopos, descriptive approaches, the literary polysystem, cultural studies perspectives, and the relationship between theory and practice in the field.
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Our Turkish translation service specializes in technical, law, business, medical, literature and academia which have provided in many languages all over the world. We offer hassle-free premium translation service to the client.
Translation Methods & Techniques
I share this important information for Translation, the concept, process, methods, and techniques. From Spanish to English and vice-versa.
Christiane Nord
The document discusses the role of a translator as a mediator between two cultures. It explains that a translator must have in-depth knowledge of both the source and target cultures in order to adequately translate texts while accounting for cultural codes and differences. Specifically, the document states that without knowledge of cultural codes, it is better not to translate at all. It also outlines four key abilities - abstraction, decision, transfer, and criticism - that translators must develop to translate effectively.
Translation Types
The document defines and describes various types of translation including:
- Oral and written translation which can be done consecutively or simultaneously
- Computer-assisted translation which uses computer programs to aid the human translation process
- Machine translation which uses computer programs to translate without human intervention
It also discusses different types of translation based on factors like the unit, aim, tasks/objectives, and number of translators involved. Some translation types discussed include: literal, idiomatic, committee, common language, dynamic, and thought-for-thought translations.
Sight Translation
Sight translation involves orally translating a written text from one language to another, as opposed to written translation. It requires strong reading comprehension, the ability to predict incomplete messages, and delivering the translation fluently at a steady pace while focusing on units of meaning. Exercises for sight translation include reading aloud, extensive reading to build speed and vocabulary, deciphering handwriting, chunking sentences into smallest units, and parsing sentences into the target language structure.
translation method
The document discusses various translation strategies, techniques and methods. It defines translation strategy and discusses three global strategies employed by translators. It then discusses translation methods and procedures, and defines word-for-word, literal, faithful, semantic and idiomatic translation. Direct and oblique translation techniques are also explained, including borrowing, calque, literal translation, transposition, modulation, reformulation, adaptation and compensation.
Theory of translation
This document provides an overview of the theory of translation and discusses various types and levels of equivalence in translation. It covers the following key points:
- The goal of translation is to transform a text in the source language into the target language while reproducing the content, message, and implications as fully as possible.
- Equivalence in translation is variable and there are different types, including formal, partial correspondence, and situational equivalence. Equivalence can occur at the phonetic, word, phrase, sentence and text levels.
- Grammatical transformations are often needed in translation to achieve equivalence due to differences in source and target language structures. Literal translation is generally unacceptable as it can distort meaning.
Ppt modes of interpreting
This document discusses four major modes of interpreting: simultaneous interpreting, consecutive interpreting, whispering interpreting, and relay interpreting. Simultaneous interpreting involves listening and speaking at the same time to convey sentences before the speaker finishes. Consecutive interpreting occurs after the speaker finishes, allowing time for note-taking. Whispering interpreting involves whispering to a small group nearby. Relay interpreting is used when there are multiple target languages, with interpreters relaying through a common language.
Translation vs. Interpretation
This document provides an introduction to translation and interpretation. It defines key terms like translation, interpretation, source language and target language. It distinguishes between translation and interpretation, noting that translation involves written text while interpretation can be simultaneous or consecutive. It outlines the skills, qualities and training needed for those careers. It also discusses approaches to translation and the differences between translation and interpretation as professions.
Fidelityandtransparency translation
Fidelity refers to accurately rendering the meaning of the source text without adding or subtracting from it, while transparency pertains to making the translation appear as if it was originally written in the target language. These two ideals are often at odds. Machine translation aims for fidelity but can fail to convey the message properly, while adaptation prioritizes transparency but may sacrifice parts of the intended meaning. Translators must make choices between strategies like transposition, loan words, and adaptation to balance both fidelity and transparency.
Equivalencein translation
This document discusses concepts of equivalence and similarity in translation. It begins by defining equivalence and similarity, noting that similarity is not necessarily symmetrical, reversible, or transitive. It then examines approaches to equivalence in translation theory, including the equative view, taxonomic view, and relativist view which rejects equivalence as an identity assumption. Models of equivalence proposed by Vinay and Darbelnet, Jakobson, and Nida are outlined, noting tensions between formal correspondence and dynamic equivalence. The document emphasizes that equivalence is a complex concept that depends on context and perspective.
C.nord before translating
Nord highlights two types of translation: documentary translation, which serves to document a source culture communication, and instrumental translation, which serves as an independent message in the target culture. She also emphasizes three important aspects of translation: 1) considering the translation commission/brief, 2) analyzing aspects of the source text like subject matter and composition, and 3) establishing a functional hierarchy of translation problems from deciding the intended function to addressing lower-level linguistic problems.
Approaches of translation
The document discusses different types of translation, including:
1. Literal translation, which aims to maintain the form and word order of the original text as much as possible.
2. Free translation, which focuses on conveying the overall meaning through natural language forms and structures in the target language.
3. Communicative translation, which prioritizes effectively communicating the intended message to the target audience over maintaining the original form.
The document also notes that the appropriate translation technique depends on factors like the text type and whether preserving meaning or form is more important for a given text.
Technical Translation
Technical translation involves translating specialized documents, like user manuals, that discuss technological subjects and apply scientific and technical information. It requires a high level of understanding of the topic to master the relevant terminology. Technical translators must have an interdisciplinary background in a specialized field and undergo training to complement their technological skills. They often act as both technical translators and technical writers, creating new meanings for words rather than just repackaging information. While some technical translators use computer-assisted translation or machine translation software, documents requiring creativity are less likely to be translated this way, while those on mechanics and engineering containing common phrases can be.
literary Translation
The document discusses the concept of pragmatic equivalence in translation, which focuses on conveying the intended meaning of a text for a new target readership rather than treating a text as a static object. It explains that coherence and implicature help readers and translators understand how a text makes sense based on context. Several factors are described that can impact a text's coherence for different readers based on their background knowledge and experiences.
3LEA Intro to interpreting
This document provides an introduction and overview of an interpreting class. It discusses different types of interpreting, including consecutive, simultaneous, and liaison interpreting. It also discusses sight translation, which involves orally translating a written text. The class will involve sight translation and consecutive interpreting activities from English to French and vice versa. Students will complete individual oral translations both in class and as recordings, and evaluations will include individual translations and an in-class test.
Translation loss and gain
This document discusses translation loss that can occur at different linguistic levels when translating between languages. It identifies inevitable loss, which occurs due to differences between the language systems, and avertable loss, which is due to failures by the translator. Translation loss can happen at the morphological, syntactic, semantic, textual, and stylistic/rhetorical levels. Specific examples are provided like tense and aspect in English versus Arabic, conditions, cultural concepts, coordination vs subordination between the languages, and translating metaphors. The document aims to raise awareness of the various challenges in translation between languages.
Translation Studies
This document discusses the history and theories of translation. It summarizes several key theorists and models of translation. Jakobson categorized translation into three types: intralingual translation (within a language), interlingual translation (between languages), and intersemiotic translation (across sign systems). The document also outlines the stages in the development of translation theory from the linguistic stage to the current ethical/aesthetic stage. Finally, it discusses various approaches to translation based on prioritizing the source language or target language, such as word-for-word translation or communicative translation.
Translation studies....
This document discusses translation studies as an academic discipline. It defines translation studies as the field that deals with the theory, description, and application of translation. It notes that translation studies emerged as a formal discipline in the 20th century, with James Holmes laying the foundation for it as a distinct field. The document outlines some of the key areas and divisions within translation studies, such as pure vs applied studies, descriptive vs theoretical approaches, and different types of translation like literary, linguistic, cultural, and professional translation. It also discusses some common translation problems and issues.
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1) Reading comprehension - understanding the meaning and key points of the source text.
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Translation is the process by which proteins are synthesized from messenger RNA (mRNA) in eukaryotes, which are organisms with membrane-bound nuclei. Translation involves mRNA being decoded on ribosomes into a polypeptide chain. It occurs through three main steps - initiation, elongation, and termination. Initiation involves the small ribosomal subunit binding to the 5' end of mRNA and scanning for the start codon. Elongation is the sequential addition of amino acids specified by the mRNA codons. Termination occurs when a stop codon is reached and release factors cause the ribosome to dissociate and release the completed protein.
Translation in Eukaryotes.
This document summarizes the process of translation. Translation is the process by which the sequence of nucleotides in messenger RNA directs the incorporation of amino acids into a protein. It involves three main steps - initiation, elongation, and termination. Initiation requires various initiation factors and ribosomal subunits to form the initiation complex. Elongation is a cyclic process of aminoacyl-tRNA binding, peptide bond formation, and translocation. Termination occurs when a stop codon is reached, releasing the polypeptide chain. Ribosomal recycling then dissociates the post-termination complex to prepare the ribosome for another round of translation.
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Sight translation
- 1. Sight translation Master I LEA HMLA202 Shona Whyte January 2015
- 2. Translation, interpreting, and sight translation We usually think of translation as transforming a written text in one language into another, while interpreting involves oral language.
- 3. Translation, interpreting, and sight translation Interpreting can be consecutive, when the interpreter presents a speech in another language immediately following the original presentation, or simultaneous, when translation occurs at the same time as the original speech, often using headphones. A third form of interpreting is called liaison interpreting and is used in meetings and discussions conducted in two languages with an interpreter translating in both directions.
- 4. Sight translation Somewhere between translation and interpreting we have sight translation, which involves the oral translation of a written text.
- 5. Sight interpretation "Interpreters have to listen, translate and read at the same time, using two input channels. At the extreme, the interpreters may even be provided with a previously prepared translation to read from, yet they still have to listen to the speakers in order to synchronise with them. It's called sight interpretation (by analogy with sight translation […]). In addition, there's the matter of all the background documentation that interpreters should skim through in preparation for a meeting.
- 6. Sight translation Sight translation: translating a written text orally. So it's a hybrid of written translation and interpreting. Faster and more economical than writing the translation. It's more widespread than people realise, much of it in the form of dictated translation, in which a Professional Translator dictates into a recorder for transcription by a secretary or, nowadays, into a computer equipped with speech recognition software. http://www.capitatranslationinterpreting.com/interpreting/sight-translation/
- 7. Class schedule Friday, room 229 Friday 9-10h, 10-11h 12 class sessions, 30 January – 23 April
- 8. Objectives 1. oral translation: improve fluency and accuracy of oral translation into English 2. translation analysis : analyze oral translations to develop translation technique 3. learner autonomy: develop skills for independent translation
- 9. Translation topics and texts The LEA programme is oriented towards the use of language in international and business contexts. Translation topics therefore involve international current affairs, recent social, political or cultural issues in English-speaking countries, and business and finance.
- 10. Activities 1. current affairs translation 2. group dictation activity 3. class oral translation 4. transcription and analysis of recording
- 11. 1. Current affairs translation Find three news stories in French: 2 headlines stories and one fun item Read them out at the start of class for students to translate Be ready to correct where necessary.
- 12. 2. Group dictation Work in groups of three: two students take turns to translate French text into English aloud, while the third writes it down. When you have finished, note alternatives, corrections, to turn in with your translation
- 13. 3. Class oral translation Each student translates one sentence into the recorder until the full text has been translated The teacher puts the recording on Jalon for students to download and transcribe.
- 14. 4. Translation report Students write a translation analysis of the class oral translation, including •the original French text •the spoken English translation, •their own comments, alternative solutions and improvements, with justifications Upload text to Jalon BEFORE the following week’s class.
- 15. Evaluation Two translation reports • download and transcribe class translation • analyse the translation • upload to Jalon BEFORE the following class