Ch. 21 Section 1 Notes
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1. The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain in the late 1700s due to factors like its colonial resources, strong navy, waterways for transportation, large labor force, and coal/iron deposits. 2. The textile industry transformed from cottage production to factory production through inventions like the spinning jenny, flying shuttle, and water frame, powered by water wheels. 3. Steam power, pioneered by James Watt's improvements to the steam engine, allowed factories to operate away from waterways and accelerated industrialization through applications in mills, locomotives, and ships. Industrialization then spread from Britain to Western Europe and the United States in the early 1800s.
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Ch. 21 Section 3 Notes
1. The Industrial Revolution inspired new economic ideas like capitalism, laissez-faire economics, and entrepreneurship. Competing views like socialism arose in response to the harsh conditions of industrialization.
2. The rise of industry separated work life from home life and changed the roles of women in society. It also increased wealth, living standards, and control over other economies for some countries.
3. Industrialization had wide-ranging effects on society like changes to art, politics, and transportation, as well as increased leisure time and education levels for families. However, it also led to overcrowded and polluted cities with rapid population growth.
Ch. 21 Section 2 Notes
1. The transition from cottage industries to factories changed how production was organized and workers' lives, introducing new hardships as people left their homes to work long hours in dangerous conditions in factories and factory towns.
2. The factory system created a new class system with wealthy factory owners, middle-level managers, and low-level workers operating machines with little regulation of pay and conditions. This led to unrest among cottage workers and the growth of labor unions and strikes.
3. Mass production through interchangeable parts and assembly lines further increased efficiency and production while making jobs more repetitive. This led to dramatically increased output and more affordable consumer goods becoming the manufacturing norm.
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2. The rise of industry separated work life from home life and changed the roles of women in society. It also increased wealth, living standards, and control over other economies for some countries.
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US History Ch. 21 Section 3 Notes
The rights of diverse groups expanded in the 1960s and 1970s. Latinos and Native Americans organized for civil rights. Cesar Chavez formed the United Farm Workers union to advocate for migrant farmworkers who faced poor conditions. The Chicano movement promoted Latino culture and political representation. The American Indian Movement occupied Wounded Knee to protest treaty violations, gaining legal victories. Consumer advocates and laws improved workplace safety. People with disabilities gained equal access to education through new laws.
US History Ch. 21 Section 2 Notes
The women's rights movement arose in the 1960s as women examined their roles and sought greater equality. Led by Betty Friedan's book The Feminine Mystique, the movement sought to end discrimination against women through the National Organization for Women and passage of the Equal Rights Amendment. While the ERA failed, the movement succeeded in legalizing abortion with Roe v. Wade and banning sex discrimination in education and the workplace. By the 1970s, these efforts led to more legal rights and opportunities for women, though pay gaps remained, and the movement continued to transform American society.
Final review
The document appears to be a review guide for a US History class from 1965 to 2015. It contains multiple choice and short answer questions about various topics covered during that time period, including the Nixon and Reagan presidencies, the 1970s divorce rate, the Camp David Accords, the Mariel boatlift, the Taliban being removed from power in Afghanistan after the US invasion, and trends in modern immigration to the US. The review guide is intended to help students prepare for a final exam on US History from 1965 to 2015.
World History Ch. 11 Section 3 Notes
The document provides information on early civilizations in Japan and Korea. It discusses how Japan's geography shaped its development and notes early cultural influences from Korea and China, including the introduction of Buddhism, Chinese writing, and aspects of Confucianism. A high point was the Heian period in Japan when an elegant court culture flourished. In Korea, three rival kingdoms initially competed for power before the Silla kingdom allied with China and conquered the others, going on to adopt many Chinese cultural practices as well. The Koryo dynasty later ruled Korea while continuing Chinese influences and developing some distinct Korean features.
AP WH Chapter 21 PPT
The document summarizes revolutionary changes in the Atlantic world between 1750-1850. It discusses how rivalry among European powers intensified in the early 1600s as the Dutch attacked Spanish and Portuguese possessions, and then the British checked Dutch ambitions in the 1600s-1700s. The British then defeated France in the Seven Years War from 1756-1763, taking over French colonial possessions in the Americas and India. It also discusses how the costs of 17th-18th century wars in Europe drove governments to seek new revenue sources, which people then protested and questioned.
Chapter 21
The Ottoman Empire expanded throughout Anatolia in the 1350s and captured Constantinople in 1453 under Mehmed II, establishing itself as a major power. It was ruled by absolute monarchs and the grand vizier was the head of state. The empire reached its peak but later declined due to military defeats and an inability to keep up with technological advances in Europe. The Safavid Empire established Shi'a Islam in Iran and battled the Ottomans until suffering a defeat in 1514. Under Abbas I from 1587-1629, the empire was strong and prosperous but later declined rapidly. The Mughal Empire was founded in 1526 and expanded greatly, reaching its peak under Akbar from 1556
Revolutionary War
The American Revolutionary War began in 1775 and lasted until 1783, starting as a result of tensions between the British colonies in America and the British government. Key events leading up to the war included taxes imposed by Britain like the Stamp Act and Tea Act that colonists opposed under the slogan "No Taxation Without Representation." The Declaration of Independence was issued in 1776 and marked the colonies' official separation from Britain. After several years of battle, the war concluded with the Treaty of Paris in 1783, recognizing American independence and establishing the United States.
Chapter 19 Empires in collision Middle East and East Asia 1800 1914
Summary of Chapter 19 Ways of the World book.
Empires in Collision Middle East and East Asia 1800 to 1914
21 1 spain’s empire and european absolutism
During a time of religious and economic instability in 16th century Spain, Philip II ruled with a strong hand and expanded Spain's vast empire through war and conquest. However, rising taxes and inflation weakened Spain's economy over time. The Dutch Revolt resulted in the independence of the Netherlands, and the Dutch Republic became a prosperous trading power while practicing religious tolerance. Meanwhile, other European monarchs asserted more absolute control over their kingdoms in response to crises and challenges to their authority in the 17th century.
Chapter 9 section 1
The Industrial Revolution spread beyond Britain in the 19th century, with Belgium becoming the first nation outside Britain to industrialize. Germany, France, and the United States also industrialized by borrowing British technology and utilizing their own natural resources like coal and iron. By 1900, American industry had become the world leader in production. New technologies like steel, chemicals like dynamite, electricity, the automobile, and airplanes transformed transportation and communication. Some nations could not industrialize as quickly due to lacking resources or the right social conditions. This period also saw the rise of big businesses and monopolies, leading reformers to call for laws regulating large corporations.
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Chapter 19 Empires in collision Middle East and East Asia 1800 1914
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The industrial revolutions
hi guys and girls this ppt will help you to know what is industrial revolution and how it is effecting India before and after independence .
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The industrial revolution began in England in the late 1700s and early 1800s, driven by new inventions, abundant natural resources like coal and iron, and a growing population. The first factories were in the textile industry, using machines powered by water or steam to mass produce cloth. Industrialization spread to other parts of Europe and the United States in the early-to-mid 1800s, fueled by additional inventions, natural resources, and growing urban populations seeking work. While industrialization created wealth and raised living standards over time, the early years brought unhealthy living and working conditions, child labor, and tensions between social classes.
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This document provides an overview of the key topics covered in a lecture about the Industrial Revolution. It discusses the Agricultural Revolution, sources of technological innovation like the cotton gin and steam engine, factors in the growth of industries like textiles and iron production. It also summarizes points about the role of finance, regional variations in industrialization, and how increasing consumption and trade contributed to driving the Industrial Revolution.
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The Industrial Revolution began in Britain in the late 18th century and transformed textile and iron production from manual labor to mechanized processes. Machines increased production speed and lowered costs. Britain was well-suited for the Industrial Revolution due to its natural resources like coal and iron, sources of water power, entrepreneurial middle class, and political/economic stability. While the Industrial Revolution brought economic growth and increased production, it also led to poor living and working conditions for many who moved to cities and faced long hours, low pay, pollution, and overcrowded housing.
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2) The rising population and food surplus due to better farming decreased famine and improved health, leading to further population growth.
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The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain due to several key factors: abundant natural resources like coal and iron; a growing population and food supply that provided a large workforce; entrepreneurs and capital available for investment; and overseas colonies that served as markets for goods. The Revolution led to major changes like new machines being invented, the rise of factories, urbanization as many moved to cities for work, and the development of new social classes like the working class and middle class. Workers faced difficult conditions like long hours, dangerous environments, and low pay. The Revolution transformed society and the economy.
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The document discusses the Industrial Revolution in Great Britain. It describes how the Enclosure Movement of the 1700s fenced off commonly held lands, pushing peasants into towns to work in factories. This supplied labor for the new industrial system. Advances like the spinning jenny, steam engine, and improvements to iron production and railroads drove industrialization. The spread of industrialization to other parts of Europe and America relied on factors like government support, railway infrastructure, and population shifts from farms to cities. The social impacts included famine, immigration, and early socialist ideas proposing more equitable distribution of wealth.
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The document discusses the beginnings and spread of the Industrial Revolution. It started in England in the late 1700s due to improvements in farming that led to population growth and a shift to cities. Inventions like the spinning jenny and steam power transformed industries like textiles. Railroads connected cities and boosted trade. Initially industrialization caused unhealthy urban living conditions and child labor issues, but it also created jobs and wealth over time.
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The Industrial Revolution transformed Britain and later spread to other parts of Europe and the world. New technologies like the steam engine and mechanized factories increased productivity but also led to poor working conditions and urban poverty. The middle class grew as a new social class but gender roles became more separate, with women expected to focus on domestic duties. The working class struggled with low pay, long hours, and unsafe working environments in the new industrial cities and factories.
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The Industrial Revolution began in Britain in the late 1700s and brought about widespread changes through new technologies like the steam engine and factories. Inventions like the cotton gin and innovations in iron and steel production accelerated industrialization. New methods of production like interchangeable parts and the assembly line increased efficiency. Mass production led to the rise of big businesses and corporations. These changes transformed economies and societies around the world and created a new middle class.
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The document discusses the Industrial Revolution and its impacts. It began in Britain in the late 18th century, driven by new inventions and technologies like the steam engine. Factories using machinery replaced manual labor, and people moved from rural areas to cities for work. Britain was well positioned to industrialize due to its resources like coal and iron, as well as political and economic policies. The Industrial Revolution spread innovations that transformed industries such as textiles. It also contributed to imperialism and colonialism as countries competed for new markets and resources.
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As the document begins, it notes that at the turn of the 21st century, American society was changing and facing new challenges compared to the previous century. Immigration policies were relaxed through laws like the Immigration Act of 1990, leading to a large influx of over 1 million new immigrants annually, most from Latin America and Asia. This changing demographic landscape was increasingly diverse but also debated issues like bilingual education and illegal immigration. Additionally, factors like divorce becoming more common, women increasingly working, and debates around topics like affirmative action, standardized testing in schools, and reforms to Social Security showed how American society was being transformed at the century's start.
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The document summarizes the United States' role in global politics and economics following the end of the Cold War under President Clinton. It discusses how the US supported free trade agreements like NAFTA and signed many trade deals through the WTO to promote globalization and economic growth. It also describes Clinton's foreign policy goals of intervening in conflicts in Somalia, Haiti, and the Balkans through NATO bombings. Additionally, it outlines increasing tensions in the Middle East between Israel and Palestine and the emergence of terrorist threats to the US from groups like al Qaeda.
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Bill Clinton was elected president in 1992, defeating incumbent George H.W. Bush. As a moderate "New Democrat," Clinton passed some domestic reforms but failed to enact health care reform. Republicans led by Newt Gingrich capitalized on dissatisfaction with Clinton and won control of Congress in 1994 on a platform opposing Clinton and big government. Clinton's presidency was marred by personal scandals that led to his impeachment, though he remained popular and was reelected in 1996 due to strong economic growth.
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Ronald Reagan challenged communism through military buildup and supporting anti-communist groups. Mikhail Gorbachev later implemented reforms in the Soviet Union through glasnost and perestroika. This led Eastern European nations to abandon communism in 1989, symbolized by the fall of the Berlin Wall, ending the Cold War. However, the US continued facing challenges in the Middle East and a foreign policy scandal known as the Iran-Contra affair damaged Reagan's reputation.
Ush ch. 23 section 2 notes
Ronald Reagan was elected president in 1980 on a platform of conservative economic policies known as Reaganomics or the Reagan Revolution. Reagan advocated for supply-side economics, deregulation of industries, and tax cuts to spur economic growth. While the recession ended in 1983 and the economy rebounded, the policies led to rising budget deficits and national debt. The Savings and Loan crisis of 1989 saw the failure of over 1000 banks and cost over $200 billion. Reagan appointed conservative justices and supported religious groups in schools. Despite economic problems, Reagan was popular and strengthened the conservative movement.
Ush ch. 23 section 1 notes
After losing political power in the 1960s, the conservative movement in the United States rebuilt its organization and promoted its goals and values vigorously. By the late 1970s, conservatives criticized liberal policies and the size of the federal government. Ronald Reagan successfully tapped into public dissatisfaction and was elected president in 1980, representing the rise of the modern conservative movement that reshaped national policies for decades.
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1. After the Civil War, the West experienced major economic and population booms driven by mining, ranching, farming, and railroad expansion.
2. The Transcontinental Railroad connected the East and West coasts, facilitating the transportation of goods and people across the country.
3. Various groups including miners, ranchers, farmers, and African Americans migrated West seeking opportunities, but also faced challenges of harsh environments, conflicts over resources, and social tensions.
US History Ch. 6 Section 2 Notes
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1. The southern economy changed after the Civil War as textile factories, mills, and railroads developed. However, economic expansion lagged behind the rest of the country due to war damage, a lack of skilled labor, and dependence on northern financiers.
2. Southern farmers struggled with falling cotton prices and boll weevil infestations. They joined together in the Farmers' Alliance to negotiate for better prices and loans.
3. While African Americans gained political rights and access to education, many gains were reversed as groups like the Ku Klux Klan terrorized black communities and segregation was enforced. The Supreme Court ruled that discrimination bans could not be enforced, limiting black rights.
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Ch. 21 Section 1 Notes
- 1. The Industrial Revolution Section 1
- 2. The Industrial Revolution Section 1 Preview • Starting Points Map: Resources of Great Britain • Main Idea / Reading Focus • A Revolution in Great Britain • A Revolution in Textiles • Steam Powers the Revolution • Faces of History: James Watt • Industrialization Spreads A New Kind of Revolution
- 3. The Industrial Revolution Section 1 Click the icon to play Listen to History audio. Click the icon below to connect to the Interactive Maps.
- 4. The Industrial Revolution Section 1 Reading Focus • Why did the Industrial Revolution begin in Great Britain? • How did industrialization cause a revolution in the production of textiles? • How did steam power the Industrial Revolution? • Where did industrialization spread beyond Great Britain? Main Idea 1. In the 1700s conditions in Great Britain led to the rapid growth of the textile industry, which in turn led to huge changes in many other industries. A New Kind of Revolution
- 5. The Industrial Revolution Section 1 During the 1700s changes in technology began based on the use of power-driven machinery. This era is called the Industrial Revolution. • Exploration and colonialism • Seapower • Political stability • Government support • Growth of private investment Factors for Success • Research and development on farms • Jethro Tull, seed drill • Improved livestock breeding • Better varieties of food crops – Increased food supply – Population grew • Enclosure movement Agricultural Factors A Revolution in Great Britain
- 6. The Industrial Revolution Section 1 Britain’s Big Advantage The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain. • Had essential elements for economic success • Factors of production – Land – Labor – Capital
- 7. The Industrial Revolution Section 1 Find the Main Idea Why was Great Britain in the 1700s ideally suited to be the birthplace of the Industrial Revolution? Answer(s): Colonies around the world supplied raw materials; powerful navy and merchant fleet facilitated trade; waterways provided power and transportation; enclosure movement led to large labor supply; private investors provided funds for investment; coal and iron deposits provided needed resources
- 8. The Industrial Revolution Section 1 2. Textile Industry • Beginning of Industrial Revolution • Weaving was a cottage industry • Labor performed at home • Industrialization transformed this • Fabric made of wool or cotton • Supply of fibers increased in the 1700s • Slave labor in America • Invention of cotton gin • Invention of spinning jenny • Invention of flying shuttle New Way of Making Cloth • Cottages too small • Factory invented • Power for factories? • Water frame for water power • Output increased 8x by 1770 Cloth-making in Factories A Revolution in Textiles
- 9. The Industrial Revolution Section 1 Identify Problem and Solution How did machines solve problems that weavers faced? Answer(s): spinning jenny and spinning frame spun thread into yarn, "flying shuttle" and power loom made weaving faster
- 10. The Industrial Revolution Section 1 • Steam engines needed large amounts of fuel • Wood scarce • Coal mining industry • Changing landscapes • Dangers of mining Coal for Steam Engines • First successful steam engine in 1712 • Innovations by James Watt • Steam power versus water power • Steam locomotives • Steamships • Robert Fulton Development of Steam Engine Steam Powers the Revolution
- 11. The Industrial Revolution Section 1
- 12. The Industrial Revolution Section 1 Make Generalizations What impact did the steam engine have on the growth of British industry? Answer(s): major impact; used in textile mills, factories could be located away from rivers, powered locomotives and ships, led to development of coal as a resource, more factories built near northern coal mines
- 13. The Industrial Revolution Section 1 3. Industrialization soon spread to western Europe and the United States. Other regions did not industrialize in the 1800s. What was it about Western countries that encouraged them to embrace industry? • Political liberty • Freedom to compete • Rewards reaped • Exploitation and improvements Why Western Countries? • British restrictions • Hamilton, 1791 • Samuel Slater –Water frame –Slater’s Mill • Lowell’s Mill America • Belgium, 1807 • France, 1815 • Germany, 1850 – Railroads – Treaties Europe Industrialization Spreads
- 14. The Industrial Revolution Section 1 Industry in Asia Eventually, industry spread to Asia. • Japan first in 1868 • Meiji government • The 1900s—industrialization for – China – India – Russia
- 15. The Industrial Revolution Section 1 Compare and Contrast How did industrialization in Britain compare to the process in America and Europe? Answer(s): Britain industrialized first, America and Europe benefited from earlier inventions; Lowell factory in Massachusetts was first all-in- one mill; political issues delayed industrial development in continental Europe