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International Journal of Nursing
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International Journal of Nursing
Science Practice and Research
International Journal of Nursing Science Practice and Research is a peer reviewed journal and provides a
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practice,subjectareassuitableforpublicationinclude,butarenotlimitedtothefollowingfields
Focus and Scope oftheJournal
! Nursing administration and management
! Nursing theory and practice
! Nurse education
! Emergency nursing
! Geriatric nursing
! Palliative nursing
! Assessment and diagnosis
! Community health nursing
! Home health nursing
! Forensic nursing
! Nursing informatics
! Telenursing
! Preoperative nursing
! Intellectual disability nursing
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Hidam Renubala
Ankita Singh
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Commissioning Editors
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Chhavi Goel
Shrawani Verma

EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS
Dr. Christos F. Kleisiaris
Community Nursing, Technological Educational
Institute of Crete, Greece
Dr. Smriti Arora
Rufaida College of Nursing, Jamia Hamdard,
Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, India
Dr. Sutapa Agrawal
South Asia Network for Chronic Disease, Public
Health Foundation of India, Gurgaon (Haryana),
India
Dr. S. Vijayalakshmi
Vignesh Nursing College, Kizhanaikarai,
Tiruvannamalai,
India
Dr. Ioanna V. Papathanasiou
Nursing Department, Technological Educational
Institute of Thessaly, Greece
Mrs. Urmila D Bhardwaj
Department of Nursing, Hamdard University,
India
Dr. Sushma Kumari Saini
National Institute of Nursing Education,
PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
Dr. A. Judie
SRM College of nursing, SRM University,
SRM nagar, potheri, (Tamil Nadu), India
Dr. Mala – Thayumanavan
BGS Global Hospital, Kengeri, Bangalore,
India
Stella Sagaya Mary
Matha college of Nursing, Vaanpuram,
Manamadurai, (Tamil Nadu), India
Dr. Ubahara Sahauaraj
Centre for Addiction Medicine, NIMHANS,
Bangalore, India
A. Arvin Babu
Mental Health Nursing Sree Abirami Hospital
and College Of Nursing, Coimbatore, India
Dr. E. Sinu
　Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University,
Manipal,
India
Sibin Joy Vayalil
Community Health Nursing Department &
Research Coordinator Lourdes College of
Nursing, India
Dr. Asha P. Shetty
Yenepoya Nursing College; Yenepoya
University, Deralakatte, Mangalore, India
Dr. Arnel Banaga Salgado
RAK Medical and Health Sciences University,
United Arab Emirates
Dr. C. Kanniammal
Meenakshi College of Nursing,
Chennai, India
Dhanpal H.N.
Smt.Nagarathnamma College of Nursing,
Bangalore, India
Dr. H. Juliet Sylvia
Sacred Heart Nursing College, Ultra trust,
Madurai, India
Mr Dinesh Selvam Subramani
Padmashree Institute of Nursing Kommaghatta,
Bangalore, India
Ms. Kripa Angeline A.
Kasturba Gandhi Nursing College, Puducherry,
India
Vahitha. S
College of Nursing, Jawaharlal Institute of Post
Graduate Medical Education & Research,
Puducherry, India

EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS
Mr. N. J. Vasudevan
Chitra College of Nursing, Kerala
India
Evangelos C. Fradelos
RN, MSc, State Mental Hospital of Attica
"Daphne", Greece
Dr. Harmeet kaur
Chitkara School of Health Sciences, Chitkara
University, Punjab, India
Dharitri Swain
All India Institute of Medical Sciences
(AIIMS), Bhubaneswar, Sijua (Odisha), India
Ms. Agnes Elizabeth Jose
Father Muller College of Nursing, Kankanady,
Mangalore, Karnataka,India
Mr Shivarajkumar Dandagi
KLE University Institute of Nursing Sciences,
　Karnataka, India
Dr. Usha Ukande
Choithram College of Nursing, CH&RC Indore
(M.P.), India
Dr. C. SUSILA
Billroth College Of Nursing, Chennai,
India

From the Editor's Desk
Dear Readers,
We would like to present, with great pleasure, the Second Volume of a new scholarly
journal, International Journal of Nursing Science Practice and Research. This journal is
part of the Applied Sciences, and is devoted to the scope of present nursing issues, from
theoretical aspects to application-dependent studies and the validation of emerging
technologies.
This new journal was planned and established to represent the growing needs of Nursing Science Practice as
an emerging and increasingly vital field, now widely recognized as an integral part of scientific and
technical investigations. Its mission is to become a voice of the Nursing Science community, addressing
researchers andpractitionersinthisarea.
The core vision of International journal of Nursing Science Practice and Research in JournalsPub is to
propagate novel awareness and know-how for the profit of mankind ranging from the academic and
professional research societies to industry practitioners in a range of topics in Plant Nursing in general.
JournalsPub acts as a pathfinder for the scientific community to published their papers at excellently, well-
time&successfully.
International Journal of Nursing Science Practice and Research focuses on original high-quality research
in the realm of Nursing theory and practice, Nurse education, Emergency nursing, Geriatric nursing,
Communityhealthnursing and Intellectualdisabilitynursing.
The Journal is intended as a forum for practitioners and researchers to share the techniques of Nursing and
solutionsinthearea.
Many scientists and researchers have contributed to the creation and the success of the Nursing community.
We are very thankful to everybody within that community who supported the idea of creating an innovative
platform. We are certain that this very first issue will be followed by many others, reporting new
developmentsinthefieldofNursing.
This issue would not have been possible without the great support of the Editorial Board members, and we
would like to express our sincere thanks to all of them. We would also like to express our gratitude to the
editorialstaffofJournalsPub,who supported us ateverystageoftheproject.
It is our hope that this fine collection of articles will be a valuable resource for Nursing readers and will
stimulatefurtherresearchintothevibrantareaofNursing.
PuneetMehrotra
ManagingDirector

1. Changes During Adolescent Period
Cicy Joseph 1
3. Counselling During Adolescent Stage
Cicy Joseph 12
4. Integrating Nursing Theory into Practice: Orem Self-Care Deficit Theory
Sibin Joy Vayalil 17
5. Article Writing and Plagiarism in Nursing Field - An Idea of Someone Else!
Kalaiselvi Savier, S. Vijayalakshmi 22
2. Effect of Intervention Package on Self-Esteem of Senior Citizens
Jiji Joseph, Sibin Joy Vayalil 6
Contents

IJNSPR (2016) 1–5 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 1
International Journal of Nursing Science Practice and Research
ISSN: 2455–6351 (online)
Vol. 2: Issue 1
www.journalspub.com
Changes During Adolescent Period
Cicy Joseph*
M.G.M.M.M.C College of Nursing, Pathanamthitta, Kerala, India
Abstract
Adolescence is the period of developmental transition between childhood and adulthood,
involving multiple physical, intellectual, personality, and social developmental changes. Due
to rapid changes adolescents face lot of challenges. They are unintentional injury suicide,
homicide, unplanned pregnancy, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), substance abuse, etc.
Adolescence is a developmental period characterized by multiple changes in virtually every
aspect of an individual’s life, calling for new psychological adjustments.
Keywords: adolescent changes, challenges, emotional changes, physical changes, social
changes
INTRODUCTION
Geldard and Geldard (2006) explained that
adolescence is a time in a young person’s
life where they move from dependence on
their parents to independence, autonomy
and maturity. The young person initiates to
move from the family group being their
major social system, to the family
enchanting a lesser role and being part of a
peer group becomes a greater fascination
that will finally lead to the young person to
standing alone as an adult.[1]
Adolescents make up 18% of the world’s
population, and more than half live in
Asia. India is home to the maximum
number of adolescents, at 243 million,
followed by China, by around 200 million
adolescents. In sub-Saharan Africa,
adolescents make up the biggest slice of
the population, with 23% of those aged 10
and 19. The same is true of many of the
least-developed countries, where
adolescents make up 23% of the
population, associated with 19% in
developing countries and 12 in
industrialized countries, conferring to the
report.[2]
CONCEPT OF ADOLESCENCE
Teenage years refer to the age of transition
when the individual changes- physically
and psychologically-from a child to an
adult. It is an era when rapid physiological
and psychological changes demand for
new social roles to take place. The
adolescents, due to these variations often
face a number of emergencies and
dilemmas. It is the period when the child
moves from dependency to autonomy. It
loads significant adjustment to the physical
and social changes. Adolescence is one of
the most speedy phases of human
development. Although the order of many
of the changes seems to be universal, their
timing and the speed of alteration vary
among and even within individuals. Both
the characteristics of an individual (e.g.
sex) and external factors (e.g. inadequate
nutrition, an abusive environment) impact
these changes. During adolescence,
children progress the ability to:[3–8]

IJNSPR (2016) 12-16 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 12
ISSN: 2455–6351 (online)
Vol. 2: Issue 1
www.journalspub.com
Counselling During Adolescent Stage
Cicy Joseph*
M.G.M.M.M.C College of Nursing, Pathanamthitta, Kerala, India
Abstract
Frightening complexity of current culture postures a change of difficult problems primary to
conflicts, frustration, unnatural competition, etc. that result in worth crisis and severe
instability between children. Now such a complex society, the individual has to face many
difficulties in lifespan for an improved alteration in a social structure. Globalization
procedures and evidence technology have knowingly transformed the way people work. Thus
the students respond problems and circumstances in all walks and segments of life. The
students are not developed enough to unfavourably value baffling situations are
uninterruptedly faced with. They need somebody to support in the solution of problems and
thus avoid strains and conflicts. The necessity for counselling in recent times has increased
because of the range of problems that the individuals have to face in the several areas of life.
In the context of the fluctuating socio-cultural setting the repertoire of counselling has been
increasing at an astonishing speed. In these circumstances, it is vital to help and guide the
youth to useful channels through the introduction of counselling services.
Keywords: adolescent, challenges, emotional, social changes
INTRODUCTION
In the current globalized development the
adolescents face massive problems.
Atwater (1988)[1]
has claimed that the
adolescent period of life is noticeable by
emotional development that comprises
mood swings, enthusiasm, tenderness,
cruelty, curiosity and apathy.
In a scenario where experiencing,
exploring and experimenting in several
areas is an active process for the youth, the
relationship between learning and
happiness assumes all the more
importance. Youngsters are confused with
the new structures of modern reality, drug
abuse, AIDS, risk behaviours, gender
conflict, aggression, etc.
Students are not advanced enough to
critically evaluate baffling situations are
continuously challenged with. They need
somebody to help in the resolution of
problems and thus avoid pressures and
conflicts.
The students must recognize their abilities
and potentialities, specifically in regions
that are critical for the awareness of
objectives in life. Their objectives and
aspirations and expectations are to be
shaped accordingly.
Adolescents often find themselves in
various emotional difficulties, such as:
 Lacking self-confidence, result
themselves at odds with their parents,
teachers and peers.
 Not being agreed by their parents,
teachers.

IJNSPR (2016) 6–11 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 6
International Journal of Nursing Science Practice & Research
ISSN: 2455-6351(Online)
Vol. 2: Issue 1
www.journalspub.com
Effect of Intervention Package on Self-Esteem of Senior Citizens
Jiji Joseph, Sibin Joy Vayalil*
Lourdes College of nursing, Kerala University of Health Science, Cochin, Kerala, India
Abstract
A pre-experimental one group pretest posttest study was conducted to assess the effect of
intervention package on self-esteem of senior citizens in a selected community, Kerala. A
total of 40 senior citizens were selected by convenience sampling technique. The tools used
for the study were background information of senior citizens and modified self-esteem scale.
The study result shows that there is significant association between self-esteem and education
( =5.45, p = 0.05*
), self-esteem and mode of living [ =5.71, p=0.01], happy about
children [ =4.91, p=0.02], and support from children [ =8.75, p=0.01]. The mean
pretest score of self-esteem among senior citizens is 44.7 SD 8.89. One week after the
intervention the posttest score of self-esteem becomes 48.7  SD 7.34. To determine the effect
of intervention package ‘t’ test is computed. The result shows t = 4.9, p = 0.001. There is also
significant association between pretest level of self-esteem and physical parameters of senior
citizens [ = 7.05, p= 0.008**
) at 0.01 level.
Keywords: intervention package, self-esteem, senior citizen
INTRODUCTION
Aging is in mind. Some individuals’ age
rapidly as compared to other individuals
belonging to the same age group, as they
think and believe that they are old. A
common saying in America and Europe is
that, life starts at 60. Aging is a natural
process which shall continue and cannot
be prevented, but it can be delayed by
introducing certain lifestyle changes, such
as keeping physically fit, which requires
regular physical exercise, regular
activities, controlled diet, and most
essentially, keeping a positive thinking and
attitude in life.[1]
Cooper in one of his articles (1967)
suggested that self-esteem is a positive or
negative value assigned by a person, and
what she is and what she does.[2]
According to Hunter (1982), there was no
difference with respect to age, education,
income or living arrangement, amongst the
elderly with either low or high self-esteem.
However, elders with low self-esteem,
suffered from poor health, more pain and
higher disability. The low self-esteem
elders had significantly higher scores on
depression, anxiety, somatization and
more external locus of control orientation
both with and without health variables
controlled. Aging of a person causes
several difficulties to the individual along
with the other people associated with
them. Mental ability of a person becomes
weak and ailing, which makes it difficult
for them to stay in a happy state of mind.
Along with this, they also have to endure
economic difficulties, family troubles,
regional and housing hardships that can
lead to mental adjustments.[3]
A total of
213 elderly patients (60 years and above),
attending the outreach clinics, were
interviewed using a pretested schedule,

International Journal of Nursing Science Practice & Research
ISSN: 2455-6351(Online)
Vol. 2: Issue 1
www.journalspub.com
Integrating Nursing Theory into Practice: Orem Self-Care Deficit
Theory
Sibin Joy Vayalil*
Lourdes College of Nursing, Kerala University of Health Science, Cochin, Kerala, India
Abstract
Nurses base their practice on their experience, intuition or the way they have been taught. Such
approaches lead to role and stereotypical practice. The knowledge for the science of nursing can
be provided through testable theories. Theory provides professional autonomy by guiding the
practice, education and research functions of the profession. Orem’s general theory is composed
of three interrelated theories which include: (1) the theory of self-care (describes and explains
self-care), (2) the theory of self-care deficit (describes and explains why people can be helped
through nursing and (3) the theory of nursing systems (describes and explains relationships that
must be brought about and maintained for nursing to be produced). This paper elaborates the
utilization of Orem’s self-care deficit theory into clinical practice.
Keywords: nursing systems, Orem’s general theory, self-care, self-care deficit
INTRODUCTION
One of the most controversial and
enduring problems in nursing is the poor
clinical observation and least integration of
theoretical concepts into clinical practice.
When nurses use theory and theory-based
evidence to structure their practice, it
improves the quality of practice.[1]
The application of nursing theories into
clinical practice varies from context to
context.
Orem’s model focuses on each
individual’s ability to perform self-care. In
Orem’s model, the goal of nursing is to
help people meet their own therapeutic
self-care demands.[2]
LITERATURE REVIEW
Credentials of the Theorist
Dorethea E. Orem was born in 1914 at
Baltimore, Maryland. She earned her
diploma in nursing from providence
Hospital School of Nursing (1930),
BBNEd. (1939) and MSN Ed. (1945) from
Catholic University of America. She was
awarded with Doctor of science (1976)
from George Town University. Sad demise
was in June 2007.
Major Concepts of the Theory
Three theories (1980)
(I) The theory of self-care
(II) The theory of self-care deficit
(III) The theory of nursing systems
(I) The theory of self-care
The theory of self-care has four
components; self-care, self-care requisite,
self-care agency and self-care demand.
Self-care is learned, goal oriented
activities that individuals initiate and
perform on their own behalf in
maintaining life, health and well-being.[2,3]
Self-care requisites are expressions of
purposes to be attained, result desired from

ISSN: 2455–6351(online)
Vol. 2: Issue 1
www.journalspub.com
Article Writing and Plagiarism in Nursing Field - An Idea of
Someone Else!
Kalaiselvi Savier1
, S. Vijayalakshmi2*
1
Madras Medical Mission College of Nursing, Madras, India
2
Vignesh Nursing College, Tiruvannamalai, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
Nursing expert publishes various research or review articles in different journals so as to let
other nurses get a view of what all is happening in different nursing fields. Many people
would like to learn good things from others. However, sometimes, other’s knowledge, ideas,
thoughts, images, etc. are taken without their acknowledgement, which is known as
plagiarism. Plagiarism is otherwise also called as theft or steal. The important purpose of
checking plagiarism is to value others’ knowledge, standardize the writing skill and increase
critical thinking in writing.
The types of plagiarism are sources not cited and sources cited. The main classifications are
intentional and unintentional. Although the guidelines of the plagiarism to be followed where
the researchers are writing any articles or referring any sources, the citation,
acknowledgement and references are important points to be practiced when writing any
research content or article. Copyright law must be always remembered to avoid illegal
writing of articles and research. “PQRS’’ strategies are also very helpful in writing an
article and referring any resources. Since nursing researchers are viewing other’s resources
to write a paper, they should keep these guidelines in mind before presenting or submitting
any paper. Remember, whether it is intentional or not, plagiarism is wrong and should be
avoided.
Keywords: articles, content and knowledge, ideas, thought, nursing
INTRODUCTION
If you steal from one author it is
plagiarism; if you steal from many it is
research – Wilson Mizner.
Many people would like to learn good
things from others. The knowledge and
practice must be go halves into others but
person’s permission to be required because
experienced persons are becoming experts
in their fields by performing hard work,
effort, interest and practice. It might be lay
hold of, year to year on their competent
level, but sometimes an interested learner
will copy other’s resource without the
consent of the author by seeing, listening,
watching and reading and using the
resource as their own by liking themselves
without acknowledging the person.[1–3]
An expert’s knowledge, skill and practice
could be found in different field and
department of nursing, etc.
The knowledge and information can be
taken and benefited by anyone but the
person must get consent from the ideal
person by citing. However, sometimes

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