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Polymer Science & Engineering
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Focus andScopeoftheJournal
!
Biopolymer
! Conjugated microporous polymer
! Biopolymer
! Conjugated microporous polymer
! Polyanhydrides
! Polymer adsorption
! Polymer separators
! Polymerization
! Polymersome
! Plastics engineering
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Chairman
Mr. Puneet Mehrotra
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Hidam Renubala
Ankita Singh
Akanksha Marwah
Deepika Bhadauria
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Priyanka Garg
Chhavi Goel
Shrawani Verma

EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS
Alexander Russell
Mechanical Process Engineering,
University of Magdeburg, Germany.
Dr. Animes K Golder
Department of Chemical Engineering,
Indian Institute of Technology, Assam, India.
Dr. Asif Mahmood
King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Prof. Ateeq Rahman
Department of Chemistry, Bindura University
of Science Education, Bindura, Zimbabwe.
Dr. Bharat Modhera
Department of Chemical Engineering, Maulana
Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal,
India.
Prof. C. M. Narayanan
National Institute of Technology, Durgapur,
India.
Dr. Chandi Charan Malakar
Department of Chemistry, National Institute of
Technology, Imphal, India.
Prof. Chang-Yu Sun,
China University of Petroleum, Beijing,
China.
Dr. Dharam Pal,
National Institute of Technology, Raipur,
India.
Dr. Didik Prasetyoko,
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of
Mathematics and Sciences, ITS, Surabaya,
Indonesia.
Dr. M. Jhansi L. Kishore
Institute of Technology, Nirma University,
Ahmedabad, India.
Dr. Mohamed Abashar,
College of Engineering, King Saud University,
Saudi Arabia.
Dr. Nagamalleswara Rao Kanidarapu
Bapatla Engineering College (Autonomous),
Bapatla, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Dr. Nanda Gopal Sahoo
Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience and
Nanotechnology Centre D. S. B. Campus,
Kumaun University, Uttarakhand, India.
Dr. P. A. Pawar
Department of Chemical Technology,
Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University,
Amravati, India.
Prof. Radha Das
West Bengal University of Technology,
India.
Dr. Rajendrasinh Jadeja
Department of Chemistry,
The M.S. University of Baroda, Vadodara,
India.
Saeed Soltanali
Research Institute of Petroleum Industry
(RIPI),
Iran.
Saeed Soltanali
Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI),
Iran.
Mr. Sanjay L Bhagat,
Pravara Rural Engineering College,
Maharashtra, India.

EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS
Dr. Shi-Peng Sun,
National University of Singapore,
Singapore.
Dr. Shivkumar Ranganathan
R & D (Battery), Su-Kam Power Systems
Limited, Apparel Park Cum Industrial Area,
Himachal Pradesh, India.
Dr. Soumitra Kumar Choudhuri,
Department of In Vitro Carcinogenesis,
Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute,
Calcutta,
India.
Dr. Srinivasan Anandan,
Center for Nano-materials, International
Advanced Research Centre for Powder
Metallurgy & New Materials (ARCI), Bolapur,
Hyderabad, India.
Dr. Stoyan Novakov Nedeltchev
Helmholtz Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf
Institute of Fluid Dynamics, Germany.
Dr. Suryya K Rana
Dungarpur College of Engineering &
Technology, India.
Dr. Suyogkumar V. Taralkar
Chemical Engineering Department,
MIT Academy of Engineering, Pune,
India.
Dr. T. K. Radhakrishnan
National Institute of Technology,
Tiruchirappalli, India.
Dr. V. Venkata Basava Rao
Faculty of Technology, Principal Investigator for
Centre of Excellence TEQIP Coordinator,
University College of Technology (A),
Osmania University Hyderabad, India.
Dr. Vangalapati Meena,
A. U. C. E (A), Andhra University, Andhra
Pradesh,
India.
Prof. Velluru Sridevi
A. U. College of Engineering, Andhra
University, India.
Dr. Vijaya Kumar Bulasara
Thapar University, Patiala,
India.
Dr. Vipan Kumar Sohpal
Department of Chemical Engineering &
Biotechnology, Beant College of Engineering &
Technology, Punjab, India.
Dr Wenming Yang,
National University of Singapore,
Singapore.
Dr. Zhi Shang
Louisiana State University, United States.

From the Editor's Desk
Dear Readers,
We would like to present, with great pleasure, the inaugural volume of a new scholarly
journal, International Journal of Polymer Science & Engineering. This journal is part of
the Applied Sciences, and is devoted to the scope of present Polymer Engineering issues,
from theoreticalaspectstoapplication-dependentstudiesand thevalidationofemergingtechnologies.
This new journal was planned and established to represent the growing needs of Polymer Science &
Engineering as an emerging and increasingly vital field, now widely recognized as an integral part of
scientific and technical investigations. Its mission is to become a voice of the Polymer Engineering
community,addressing researchersandpractitionersinthisarea.
The core vision of International Journal of Polymer Science & Engineering in JournalsPub is to propagate
novel awareness and know-how for the profit of mankind ranging from the academic and professional
research societies to industry practitioners in a range of topics in Polymer Science & Engineering in
general. JournalsPub acts as a pathfinder for the scientific community to publish their papers at excellently,
well-time&successfully.
International Journal of Polymer Science & Engineering focuses on original high-quality research in the
realm of Alternative energy conversion & transport mechanisms, Thermodynamics, Chemical reaction
engineering, Polymer Science and Engineering, Modern instrumental analysis, Colloidal and interfacial
science,Moleculardynamics&Chemicalkinetics,and manymore.
Many scientists and researchers have contributed to the creation and the success of the Polymer Science &
Engineering. We are very thankful to everybody within that community who supported the idea of creating an
innovative platform. We are certain that this issue will be followed by many others, reporting new
developmentsinthefieldofPolymerEngineering.
This issue would not have been possible without the great support of the Editorial Board members, and we
would like to express our sincere thanks to all of them. We also like to express our gratitude to the editorial
staffofJournalsPub,who supported us ateverystageoftheproject.
It is our hope that this fine collection of articles will be a valuable resource for Polymer Engineering readers
and willstimulatefurtherresearchintothevibrantareaofPolymerScience&Engineering.
PuneetMehrotra
ManagingDirector

1. Isolation and Characterization of Tamarind Seed Polysaccharides Being Used as a Biopolymer in
Modern Drug Delivery System
Akshay W. Tathe, Mangesh U. Kande, Shyam G. Tonde, Aarti H. Mulay 1
2. Mechanical Behaviour of Natural Reinforced Polymer Composites with Hybrid Additives
K. Kalaiarasan, K. Venkatesh, R. Mukesh, K. Patterson, R. Badrinath 7
3. Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(etherdiphenylene terephthalamide)-Metal
Complexes in Heterogeneous Medium
Sandeep Rai 13
4. Innovative Value Chain Development of Modified Starch for a Sustainable Environment: A Review
A. Ashok, C.R. Rejeesh 20
5. Similar Analysis of Blend of Virgin PVC and NBR with Recycled PVC and NBR
Varun Khanna, Sunain Katoch 33
Contents

IJPST (2016) 1–6 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 1
International Journal of Polymer Science and Technology
Vol. 2: Issue 1
www.journalspub.com
Isolation and Characterization of Tamarind Seed Polysaccharides
Being Used as a Biopolymer in Modern Drug Delivery System
Akshay W. Tathe, Mangesh U. Kande, Shyam G. Tonde, Aarti H. Mulay*
Department of Plastics and Polymer Engineering, Maharashtra Institute of Technology, Aurangabad,
Maharashtra, India
Abstract
Tamarind seed polysaccharide (TSP) obtained from the seed of Tamarindus indica tree. It
possesses different properties like high viscosity, broad pH tolerance, biocompatibility,
mucoadhesive nature. It is used as thickener, stabilizer, gelling agent in food and
pharmaceutical industries and Gums are widely used natural materials for conventional and
novel dosage forms. The objective of present investigation was to search for a cheap and
effective natural polymer that can be used for drug delivery system. For drug delivery system
it is attractive because they are easily available, non-toxic, economical, undergoes chemical
modifications and biodegradable. Due to this reason modern pharmaceutical world has taken
interest in polymers of natural origin which can be used for their formulation and food
industries for packaging. The given review focuses on methods of extraction, characterization
and applications of tamarind seed polysaccharide and evaluate its property in the
pharmaceutical field and food industries.
Keywords: biopolymers, drug delivery, tamarind seed polysaccharide (TSP), stabilizer
INTRODUCTION
In recent year, polymer derived from
plants got more importance specially in
pharmaceutical, food and packaging
industries due to their unique properties all
polymers and gums which is prepared
from plant origin are dispersed or from gel
layer on the surface of system, when it is
contacted with water due to this reason it
can be easily used in modern drug delivery
system.
Advantages of plant based polymers:
(i) Low cost
(ii) Renewable source
(iii) Eco-friendly
(iv) Easy to process
(v) Biodegradable
(vi) Capable of chemical modification
(vii) Natural origin and easily available
There will be many types of
polysaccharides are available in the nature
such as Khaya gum, Karaya
Polysaccharide can be used as thickeners,
tablet binding agent in pharmaceuticals
industries, Emulsifier and gelling agent in
food industries and film forming agent in
packaging industry. Tamarind seed
polysaccharide (TSP) is a natural polymer
which is derived from tamarind seed.[1]
The main component which is present in
Tamarind seed polysaccharide is cellulose
like backbone chain with monomers of
three sugars-glucose, galactose and xylose
in a molar ratio of 3:2:1.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The tamarind seed indica was collected as
a waste material from village and dried

IJPST (2016) 7–12 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 7
International Journal of Polymer Science and Technology
Vol. 2: Issue 1
www.journalspub.com
Mechanical Behaviour of Natural Reinforced Polymer
Composites with Hybrid Additives
K. Kalaiarasan*
, K. Venkatesh, R. Mukesh, K. Patterson, R. Badrinath
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Christ College of Engineering and Technology, Puducherry, India
Abstract
The implementation of natural fibres is the fast approaching ‘green’ economy based
materials that are used in polymer matrix composites that are intended to replace the
conventional synthetic polymer composites. Being plenteous fundamentally, natural fibres
have been existed the primary form of natural resources for centuries. Considering that
mechanical properties of composites are strongly influenced by the quality of the fibre/matrix
interface and with eco-friendly properties like excellent energy absorption, low cost,
biodegradability, non-toxicity and light weight, natural fibres have steered the attention of
scientists and researchers towards them to find their application by replacing the synthetic
fibres and plastic composites. Utilizing the combination of hemp and sisal fibres by using
hand layup methods, the matrix composite are prepared. Following with the proper pre-
treatment processes have proved to featuring good mechanical properties of significant
parameters which can be ultimately equipped in desired applications according to our needs.
Keywords: biodegradable, epoxy resin, hemp, hybrid additives, natural fibres
INTRODUCTION
The usage of natural fibre reinforced
composites in automobiles due to the low
weight to strength ratio has turned the
attention of researchers towards itself.
Particularly finding its application in
automobile interiors natural fibre
composites have a long history of being
used as an alternative to fibreglass,
injection moulded plastics and other less
sustainable technologies. As epoxy resin is
one of the excellent thermosetting polymer
resins, it is used as a structural matrix
material which is then reinforced by
natural fibre materials. Also, epoxy base
matrix composite has enormous potential
to substitute the traditional metallic
materials. Particularly, the FRC (Fibre
Reinforced Composites) are used in load
bearing, light-weight structures due to
their superior mechanical properties
compared to metals. Also, it is observed
from literature that there is a significant
improvement on mechanical properties
with epoxy matrix modification. Pervaiz
and Sain[1]
have investigated the energy
consumption of glass and natural fibres.[2]
Fibre reinforced (FRP) composites
possesses interesting properties like high
specific strength and stiffness, good
fatigue performance and damage tolerance,
low thermal expansion, nonmagnetic
properties. Karmaker et al.[3]
have shown
that the biodegradability of natural fibres
can contribute to a healthy ecosystem
while their low costs and high
performances are very interesting for
industry. Sisal/jute fibre composites are
environment friendly and user-friendly
materials[4]
and have very good elastic
properties.[5]
Li et al.[6]
studied that sisal
fibre is the promising reinforcement

IJPSE (2016) 13–19 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 13
International Journal of Polymer Science and Engineering
Vol. 2: Issue 1
www.journalspub.com
Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(etherdiphenylene
terephthalamide)-Metal Complexes in Heterogeneous Medium
Sandeep Rai
Shroff S R Rotary Institute of Chemical Technology, Bharuch, Gujarat, India
GRP Limited, GIDC Estate, Panoli, Bharuch, Gujarat, India
Abstract
Condensation of terephthalic acid and 4,4ʹ-diaminodiphenyl ether resulted in amino-
terminated oligomeric poly(etherdiphenylene terephthalamide) (PODTA) using
phosphorylation technique. Schiff base complexes of this polyamide were synthesized with
salicylaldehyde and 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde complexes of Co(II),Ni(II) and Cu(II). All
the synthesized polyamide as well as Schiff’s base complexes were characterized by
elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy and magnetic susceptibility measurements. Thermal
stabilities of ligand and its various complexes were compared by thermogravimetric analysis.
While, Co(II) and Ni(II) of the polymer metal complexes shown slightly inferior thermal
stability than the PODTA, Cu(II) complexes exhibited superior thermal stability.
INTRODUCTION
Polyamide–metal complexes are formed
by the introduction of metal ions into
polymer chain through pendant or terminal
functional group. The potential
applications of coordination polymers are
as high temperature lubricants, surface
coatings, adhesives and constructional
material as required in high speed aircraft
and space vehicle.
Aromatic polyamides (aramids or
polyaramids) are considered to be high-
performance organic materials due to their
outstanding thermal and mechanical
resistance. Schiff bases have been reported
in for their biological properties, such as,
antibacterial, antifungal activities.[1–5]
Their metal complexes have been widely
studied because they have anticancer and
herbicidal applications.[6–8]
They serve as
models for biologically important species.
Although many studies on polyamide–
metal complexes have been reported, very
little work seems to have been carried out
on the introduction of metal ions into
aromatic polyamide ligands through Schiff
base structure. Here we report the
synthesis and characterization of aramid-
Schiff base coordination polymers using
amino group terminated PODTA oligomer
as ligand.
The aim of present work is to improve
upon the thermal stability of the ligand by
the coordination and develop a technique
for surface modification of amino group
containing polyamides in heterogeneous
medium. In heterogeneous medium, the
amino groups present on the surface of the
aramid particles only will form the Schiff
base complexes.
Therefore, free amino groups present on
the surface of aramid film, sheet or fibre
may be complexed to enhance the thermal
stability of the material and to incorporate
additional properties due to metal
complexation.

Vol. 2: Issue 1
www.journalspub.com
Innovative Value Chain Development of Modified Starch for a
Sustainable Environment: A Review
A. Ashok*
, C.R. Rejeesh
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal Institute of Science and Technology, Kerala, India
Abstract
Granular structure of starch is widely utilized in a variety of applications due to its universal
abundance, relatively low cost, and ability to impart a broad range of functional properties
to their products. However, most starches in their native form have limitations that make
them less than ideal for the diversity of desired applications. For this reason, most of the
starch utilized as a food or industrial ingredient is first modified, without changing the
granular structure, to alter and improve the physical properties of starch polymers in
accordance with the intended end use. Starch based materials present a great potential to
play a major role towards achieving sustainable development. Starch is a natural glucose-
based polymer that is generally considered as a potential candidate for developing
biodegradable products. Starch is a versatile and useful polymer not just because it has low
cost or obtained from natural resources, but also because of its physicochemical properties
that can be altered through chemical or enzymatic modification. Starch modification
accentuates their positive characteristics, diminish their undesirable qualities, or add new
attributes. Different approaches have been used to overcome these limitations and increase
the number of sectors in which starch-based materials can be used. This paper summarises
the different pathways required to modify starch and its applications.
Keywords: blending, modification of starch, starch, sustainability, value addition of starch
INTRODUCTION
Starch is the principal carbohydrates
energy reserve in plants and is one of the
most abundant resources in the biosphere.
Storage starch, which is abundant in the
storage organs of starch crops such as
corn, potato, wheat, cassava, etc., is also a
principle source for human consumption.
Starch derived bio plastics being a
renewable and biodegradable polymer
with well-defined chemical properties
offers vast potential as a versatile source
for various applications. A vast range of
native starches are available locally and its
usage ranges from food industry to
medical field.[1]
Several value addition
methods and new strategies are required to
meet the steady increasing demand for
environment friendly ways of starch
production, at lower costs.
By directing several metabolic reactions in
close connection to starch bio synthesis or
altering the flow of carbohydrate in the
plant, the yield and structure of starch can
be engineered. The main structural
elements that can be readily analysed are
the amylose concentration, the
amylopectin and amylose chain length
distribution, the amylopectin and amylose
molecular mass, phosphate substitution
and starch granule size distribution. All
these molecular alterations have profound
effects on the physical properties of the

Vol. 2: Issue 1
www.journalspub.com
Similar Analysis of Blend of Virgin PVC and NBR with Recycled
PVC and NBR
Varun Khanna, Sunain Katoch*
Department of Applied Sciences, Sri Sai University, Palampur, India
Abstract
Studies about led on mixing of polymers like acrylonitrile butadiene elastic (NBR) and
polyvinylchloride (PVC) to deliver new polymeric materials with particular properties which
can be utilized for some exceptional applications. This mix has been formulated for items
working in contact with castor oils. Mixes at various temperature show that an ideal
temperature exists for its arrangement. Incorporating PVC in various compositions has
enhanced their physico-mechanical and chemical properties of this blend.
Keywords: NBR, PVC
INTRODUCTION
Mixing of polymers for enhancing their
properties has increased impressive
significance in the field of polymer
science. Effective mixes are framed by
miscibility of mixing elastomers and
plastics to get new materials of enhanced
properties.
One of the basic mixes is
polyvinylchloride (PVC) and acrylonitrile
butadiene elastic (NBR). NBR goes about
as permanent plasticizer for PVC in
different applications like in nourishment
containers, cable insulation, automotive
industry and so on.[1–14]
The synthetic synthesis of elastic while
electronegativity and crystallinity assume
an imperative part underway of oil safe
items.[3–15]
Because of absence of
reasonable stabilizers for PVC, which do
not influence NBR, the present work
utilizes zinc oxide and stearic corrosive as
stabilizer. This work means to contrast
NBR mixes and virgin and reused PVC for
its application in vehicles industry.
EXPERIMENTAL WORK
Materials
The materials used in the study along with
their basic function are listed in the
tabulated form in Table 1.
Table 1. Role of Ingredients.
No. Ingredients Function
1
Nitrile butadiene rubber and
polyvinyl chloride
Base polymer
2. Zinc oxide
Stabilizer for
PVC
3. Stearic acid Flow promoter
4. Para phenylene diamine Antioxidant
5. Castor oil
Internal
lubricant
6. Carbon black Filler
7. Paraffin wax
External
lubricant
8. Di-octyl phthalate Plasticizer
Experimental Techniques
The various experimental techniques used
are:
 Blending and mixing (Table 2)

International Journal of Polymer Science & Engineering

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