International Journal of Neurological Nursing publishes refereed papers in highest quality reflecting the interest of scholars in the academic and clinical research and development in the area of neurological nursing care. It contains original articles on advances in neurosurgical and neurological techniques affecting nursing care, theory and research. The journal also covers all major areas related to Neuropsychiatry, Neurorehabilitation and the following areas:

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4. International Journal of
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International Journal of Neurological Nursing publishes refereed papers in highest quality reflecting the
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Focus and Scope oftheJournal
! Neurological and Neurosurgical Techniques
! Neurological Disorders
! Neuropsychiatry
! Neuromuscular Medicine and Rehabilitation
! Disorders of Nervous System
! Neurodevelopment Disabilities
! Interventional Neurology
! Neurological Enhancements
! Psychopharmacology
! PsychoNeuroImmunology
! Developmental NeuroRehabilitation
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National Institute of Nursing Education,
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NIMHANS, Bangalore,
India.
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Allianze College of Medical sciences,
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Kasturba Medical College Manipal University,
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Dhanpal H.N.
Smt. Nagarathnamma College of Nursing,
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College of Nursing, AIIMS, Bihar,
India.
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Chitra College of Nursing, Kerala,
India.
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RAK Medical and Health Sciences University,
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Ms Nirmallya Chatterjee
B M Birla College of Nursing, Kolkata,
India.
K. Priscilla
Matha College of Nursing, Tamil Nadu,
India

7. From the Editor's Desk
Dear Readers,
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Medicine and Rehabilitation, Disorders of Nervous System, Neurodevelopment Disabilities,
Interventional Neurology, Neurological Enhancements, Psychopharmacology, PsychoNeuro
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ManagingDirector

8. 1. A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Parents Knowledge about the
Home Care Management of Children with Autism Disorder in Carunnai Special School, Puducherry
E. Nathiya, A.R. Bharathy, S. Prabavathy 1
2. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
Anilkumar B. Jarali 5
3. Asperger's Syndrome
Paritosh Anand 9
4. Parkinson's Disease
Neha Gowarikar 11
5. Bipolar Disorder
Ashutosh Sharma 14
Contents

9. IJNN (2016) 1–4 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 1
International Journal of Neurological Nursing
Vol. 2: Issue 1
www.journalspub.com
A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching
Programme on Parents Knowledge about the Home Care
Management of Children with Autism Disorder in Carunnai
Special School, Puducherry
E. Nathiya, A.R. Bharathy, S. Prabavathy*
Kasturba Gandhi Nursing College, Pondicherry, India
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on
level of knowledge among parents on home care management of children with autism
disorder. The result reveals that the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on home
care management of autism among parents of autistic children in the pretest mean level of
knowledge were 11.40 and the standard deviation were SD is 3.241. Comparatively the post-
test mean values were 25.78 and the standard deviation was 2.557, finally the mean
difference was calculated the value was 39.
Keywords: assess, autism, effectiveness, home care management, structured teaching
programme
INTRODUCTION
Birthing is the most divine initiation to
spiritually a woman can have. Birth of a
child is a special gift of every parent.
Irrespective of the sex of the child, each
parent wants his or her child to be
physically and developmentally perfect.
Developmental disorders are occurred due
to the non-progressive neuro-development
which includes disorder of speech and
language. Autism is a chronic and organic
non-progressive neuro-developmetal
disorder with a unique triad of impairment
in socialization, communication and
behavior. It is characterized by a
withdrawal of the child into the self and
into a fantasy world of his or her own
creation. The prevalence of autism
spectrum disorders is about 1 in 150
children’s. It occurs four to five times
more often in boys than in girls. Onsets of
the disorders occur before age 3, and in
most cases it runs a chronic course, with
symptoms persisting into adulthood.[1,2]
NEED FOR THE STUDY
Autism children require intensive and
highly structured special education from as
early as the child is able to tolerate a
school routine.
Given the challenges involved in teaching,
children with autism, a classroom setting
with a minimal student to teacher ratio is
usually essential.
For the more impaired children, a typical
hierarchy of priorities should include the
ability to
(1) Tolerate individual adult guidance in
performing tasks
(2) Consistently follow a daily routine
(3) Develop communication intent and
communication means
1. .

10. IJNN (2016) 5-8 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 5
International Journal of Neurological Nursing
Vol. 2: Issue 1
www.journalspub.com
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
Anilkumar B. Jarali*
Department of Mental Health Nursing, Manikaka Topawala Institute of Nursing, CHARUSAT Campus,
Gujarat, India
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrig's disease, is a disease that
advances progressively. It is a neurological illness that is incurable and could prove to be
fatal in most of the cases. In this the nerve cells that control the voluntary muscles are
attacked. It’s a disease that is characterized as one of a motor neuron disease and is
responsible for gradual degradation of motor neurons.
Keywords: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Lou Gehrig's disease, neurodegenerative disease
INTRODUCTION
ALS, or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, is a
rapidly progressing neurodegenerative
disease that attacks the nerve cells of the
brain and the spinal cord. A-myo-trophic
originates from the Greek dialect. A
means no. Myo means muscle, and
Trophic means nutrition. Hence, the
complete term signifies No muscle
sustenance or nourishment. When a
muscle gets no nutrition, it decays or
squanders away. Lateral recognizes the
zones in a man's spinal cord where
sections of the nerve cells that signal and
control the muscles are present. As this
portion deteriorates, it results in scarring or
sclerosis in the region.[1]
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS),
otherwise called Lou Gehrig's disease, is a
rapid degeneration of nerve cells that
control muscle movements. This disease is
one of the most common motor neuron
disease among adults. It has also been
named as Lou Gehrig's disease after
Gehrig's career ended as a baseman in
1939 due to this condition. Around 30,000
patients in this nation have the disease and
around 5,000 are detected with it every
year.[2]
INCIDENCE AND PREVALENCE
 The occurrence of ALS in United
States and most European nation
ranges from 1.5-2.5 ALS cases every
year. [2,3]
 Internationally, the occurrence rate for
ALS or motor neuron disease (MND)
reaches from 0.86 to 2.5/100,000/year.
 ALS normally occurs between the ages
of 40 and 60 years, however there are
chances of others developing the
disease as well. Men are around one-
and-a-half times more inclined to have
the disease than ladies. In many of the
cases, it occurs sporadically with no
family history at all.
 There are two types of ALS: sporadic
(randomly occurring) and familial.
 Sporadic is the most widely recognized
type of the ailment, which can affect
any one. In the U.S., almost 90 – 95%
of all cases are sporadic in nature.
 Familial ALS (FALS) represents 5 to
10 percent of all cases in the U.S.
Familial ALS mean the disease has
been inherited. In those families, there

11. IJNN (2016) 9–10 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 9
International Journal of Neurological Nursing
Vol. 2: Issue 1
www.journalspub.com
Asperger’s Syndrome
Paritosh Anand*
Department of Mental Health Nursing, Manipal College of Nursing, Karnataka, India
Abstract
Asperger’s syndrome is a neurobiological disorder. It is now considered as a part of the
wider groupof autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The other disorders included in this category
share almost the same signs and symptoms for the respective diseases. Asperger’s syndrome
is considered as a high-functioning form of ASD. Every individual suffers from mild to
moderate or intense type of symptoms associated to this disease.
Keywords: Asperger’s syndrome, autism spectrum disorder, neurobiological disorder
INTRODUCTION
Asperger’s syndrome is a neurological
disorder, that is included in the wider
group of Autism Spectrum Disorder
(ASD).[1,2]
ASD is a group of neurological
disorders, with most of the disorders in the
group having similar signs and symptoms.
This disorder can normally be detected
early during the childhood. The symptoms
usually last throughout the lifetime of the
individual.[3-6]
This disorder has been
named after an Austrian pediatrician, Hans
Asperger, who described it in children who
couldn’t interact socially.[7]
This disease has affected many people. In
the US alone, more than 700,000 people
suffer from one or the other form of
autism. According to different studies, it
has already been established that the
incidence of this disease isn’t affected by
culture, religion.[4,6]
SYMPTOMS
Asperger’s Syndrome can be characterized
with the help of various symptoms, such
as:
 Lack of social interaction: Individuals
affected with this disease lack the
capability of interacting in a social
atmosphere.[4]
They cannot converse in
a confident manner, avoid eye-contact
with people, are normally unable to
understand other people’s feelings and
intentions. Their body posture also
changes.[5]
 They normally indulge in restricted
and repetitive behavior. Such
individuals usually involve themselves
with a task, which they keep on
repeating at a length. They are unable
to cope in a better way if there’s a
change in their routine.[8]
 Language and Speech: They have an
extensive vocabulary. They have an
atypical form of speech. They literally
interpret any sentences and cannot
differentiate between sarcastic
comments of other people. They are
unable to use or understand figurative
for of language. Their speech may be
abnormally loud, and fast.[4,5]
 Motor Perception: They have a delayed
motor development. They usually tend
to be late learners in small tasks, such
as catching a ball, riding a bicycle,
opening jars, etc. They also suffer from

12. IJNN (2016) 11–13 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 11
International Journal of Neurological Nursing
Vol. 2: Issue 1
www.journalspub.com
Parkinson’s Disease
Neha Gowarikar*
College of Nursing, Jamia Hamdard, Delhi, India
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurological disorder, in which its signs and symptoms
intensify after some time. Almost one million individuals in the US are living with Parkinson's
illness. The cause is obscure, and in spite of the fact that there is quickly no cure, there are
treatment alternatives, for example, solution and surgery to deal with its side effects.
Parkinson's includes the malfunction and death of key nerve cells in the cerebrum, called
neurons. Parkinson's basically influences neurons in a region of the mind called the
substantia nigra. Some of these withering neurons produce dopamine, a chemical that sends
messages to the part of the cerebrum that controls development and coordination. As PD
advances, the measure of dopamine delivered in the cerebrum diminishes, leaving a man not
able to control development ordinarily.
Keywords: neurological disorder, Parkinson’s disease
INTRODUCTION
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a degenerative
issue of the nervous system for the most
part influencing the motor nervous system.
Right on time throughout the ailment, the
most clear side effects are development
related; these incorporate shaking,
unbending nature, gradualness of
development and trouble with strolling and
stride.[1]
Later, thinking and behavioral
issues may emerge, with dementia
generally happening in the propelled
phases of the malady, and melancholy
being the most widely recognized
psychiatric indication. Different side
effects incorporate tangible, rest, and
enthusiastic issues. The primary motor
side effects are on the whole called
parkinsonism, or a parkinsonian
disorder.[2]
The illness can be either essential or
optional. Essential Parkinson's infection
has no known cause, albeit some atypical
cases have a hereditary inception.
Auxiliary parkinsonism is because of
known causes like poisons. Numerous
dangers and defensive elements have been
researched: the clearest confirmation is for
an expanded danger in individuals
presented to specific pesticides and a
decreased danger in tobacco smokers. The
motor side effects of the ailment result
from the death of cells in the substantia
nigra, a locale of the midbrain. [3]
This outcome is in insufficient dopamine
in these ranges. The purpose behind the

13. IJNN (2016) 14–16 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 14
International Journal of Neurological Nursing
Vol. 2: Issue 1
www.journalspub.com
Bipolar Disorder
Ashutosh Sharma*
Department of Mental Health Nursing, Smt. Nagarathnamma college of Nursing, Bangalore, India
Abstract
Bipolar disorder, with its varying and extreme emotional mood swings ranging from misery to
madness, used to be called hyper depressive disorder. Bipolar disorder is intense and can bring
about dangerous behaviors, even suicidal tendencies, and can be treated with treatment and
timely medication. There are four different types of bipolar disorders. It is also difficult to
diagnose. Left untreated, bipolar disorder tends to worsen. The disorder will show more frequent
and severe episodes over time. If bipolar disorder is treated it is possible to lead a healthy and
productive life.
Keywords: bipolar disorder, neurological disorder
INTRODUCTION
Bipolar disorder, previously also known as
manic depression, is a mental issue with
periods of sadness and depression to times
of lifted mood.[1][2]
Extreme mood swings
is critical and is known as lunacy or
hypomania, contingent upon its
seriousness, or whether indications of
psychosis are available. Amid craziness an
individual acts or feels strangely lively,
upbeat or irritable. Individuals regularly
settle on foolish choices with little respect
to the results. The requirement for rest is
normally lessened amid hyper phases.
During times of gloom they might cry, a
negative point of view, and poor eye
contact with others. The danger of suicide
among those with the disease is high at
more noteworthy than 6 percent more than
20 years, while self-hurt happens in 30-40
percent.[3]
Other psychological wellness
issues, for example, nervousness issue and
substance use issue are usually
associated.[4]
The causes are not obviously saw, but
rather both natural and hereditary variables
play a role. Many qualities of little impact,
add to risk.[5-7]
Environmental elements
incorporate a past filled with youth
mishandle and long haul stress. It is
isolated into bipolar I issue if there is no
less than one hyper scene and bipolar II
issue if there are no less than one
hypomanic scene and one noteworthy
depressive scene. In those with less
extreme side effects of a delayed length
the condition cyclothymic confusion might
be available. Other conditions that may
exhibit in a comparable way incorporate
consideration deficiency hyperactivity
issue, identity issue, schizophrenia and
substance use issue and also various
medicinal conditions. Medical testing is
not required for a determination. In any
case, blood tests or medicinal imaging
should be possible to preclude other
problems.[4,5]

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