Architecture and Infrastructure Planning Journal

Mechanical Engineering
Electronics and Telecommunication Chemical Engineering
Architecture
Office No-4, 1 Floor, CSC, Pocket-E,
Mayur Vihar, Phase-2, New Delhi-110091, India
E-mail: info@journalspub.com
¬ International Journal of Thermal Energy and
Applications
¬ International Journal of Production Engineering
¬ International Journal of Industrial Engineering
and Design
¬ International Journal of Manufacturing and
Materials Processing
¬ International Journal of Mechanical Handling and
Automation
« International Journal of Radio Frequency Design
« International Journal of VLSI Design and Technology
« International Journal of Embedded Systems and Emerging
Technologies
« International Journal of Digital Electronics
« International Journal of Digital Communication and Analog
Signals
« International Journal of Housing and Human Settlement
Planning
« International Journal of Architecture and Infrastructure
Planning
« International Journal of Rural and Regional Planning
Development
« International Journal of Town Planning and Management
Applied Mechanics
5 more...
1 more...
2 more...
2 more...
5 more...
Computer Science and Engineering
« International Journal of Wireless Network Security
« International Journal of Algorithms Design and Analysis
« International Journal of Mobile Computing Devices
« International Journal of Software Computing and Testing
« International Journal of Data Structures and Algorithms
Nanotechnology
« International Journal of Applied Nanotechnology
« International Journal of Nanomaterials and Nanostructures
« International Journals of Nanobiotechnology
« International Journal of Solid State Materials
« International Journal of Optical Sciences
Physics
« International Journal of Renewable Energy and its
Commercialization
« International Journal of Environmental Chemistry
« International Journal of Agrochemistry
« International Journal of Prevention and Control of Industrial
Pollution
Civil Engineering
« International Journal of Water Resources Engineering
« International Journal of Concrete Technology
« International Journal of Structural Engineering and Analysis
« International Journal of Construction Engineering and
Planning
Electrical Engineering
« International Journal of Analog Integrated Circuits
« International Journal of Automatic Control System
« International Journal of Electrical Machines & Drives
« International Journal of Electrical Communication
Engineering
« International Journal of Integrated Electronics Systems and
Circuits
Material Sciences and Engineering
« International Journal of Energetic Materials
« International Journal of Bionics and Bio-Materials
« International Journal of Ceramics and Ceramic Technology
« International Journal of Bio-Materials and Biomedical
Engineering
Chemistry
« International Journal of Photochemistry
« International Journal of Analytical and Applied Chemistry
« International Journal of Green Chemistry
« International Journal of Chemical and Molecular
Engineering
« International Journal of Electro Mechanics and
Mechanical Behaviour
« International Journal of Machine Design and
Manufacturing
« International Journal of Mechanical Dynamics
and Analysis
« International Journal of Fracture and damage
Mechanics
« International Journal of Structural Mechanics
and Finite Elements
5 more...
4 more...
3 more...
Biotechnology
« International Journal of Industrial Biotechnology and
Biomaterials
« International Journal of Plant Biotechnology
« International Journal of Molecular Biotechnology
« International Journal of Biochemistry and Biomolecules
« International Journal of Animal Biotechnology and
Applications
3 more...
Nursing
« International Journal of Immunological Nursing
« International Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing
« International Journal of Neurological Nursing
« International Journal of Orthopedic Nursing
« International Journal of Oncological Nursing
5 more... 4 more...
Subm
it
Your A
rticle2016
International Journal of
Architecture and
Infrastructure Planning
Jan – June 2016 IJAIP
e-ISSN: 2456-0154
www.journalspub.com

International Journals Publisher
JournalsPub is a multi-disciplinary international journal boosting innovative & eminence research work
by Division of Dhruv Infosystems Pvt. Ltd. Launched in 2014 under the support and guidance by our
Honorable EditorialBoard Members from renownedinstitutes.
ObjectivesofJournalsPub
üJournalsPub is international scholarly journal that publishes peer reviewed journal in the frontier areas of
AppliedSciences,MedicalandEngineering.
üJournalsPub publishes Original Research Papers, Review Papers, Popular Articles, Short
Communications&CaseStudy.
üPublishingspecialissues on Proceedingsof Conferences,SeminarsandSymposia.
üJournalsPub Publishes issues twice a year (bi-annually) in English-language which is available online
(openaccess)andinprintedversionwithagoaltopromoteanextensiveacademicawareness.
üJournalsPub desires to set a good benchmark in the publishing industry by launching more than 100+
new International Journals to help the scientific community to enhance communication within the
research communities and maintain a balance between the existing and emerging interdisciplinary
technologies.
üJournalsPub aims to provide quality research articles for Academic Researchers, Industrial
Professionals, Engineers, Scientists, Professors, etc. working in the areas of Applied Sciences, Medical
andEngineeringtocontributeandcommunicateinnovativework.
SalientFeatures
üAn umbrellaof 100+ journalsthatcoversAppliedSciences,MedialandEngineeringArena.
üThe first and one of the rapidly emerging publication website in Country as well as overseas for its
excellenceandexposure.
üUniversaltransmissionandreflectivity.
üARigorous, Fast andConstructivePeerReviewProcess
üSpeedyPublicationof Manuscripts
üEminentEditorialBoardMembersfromrenownedorganizations.
üFreeRegistration,OnlineSubmission, Processing, Publication&OnlineAccessofManuscripts.
üThejournalpublishesnovelresearcharticleswithemphasison theoreticalandexperimentalwork.
International Journal of
Architecture
and Infrastructure Planning

JournalsPub (Division of Dhruv Infosystem Private Ltd.) having its Marketing office located at Office No. 4, First Floor,
CSC pocket E Market, Mayur Vihar Phase II, New Delhi-110091, India is the Publisher of Journals. Statements and
opinionsexpressedintheJournalreflecttheviews oftheAuthor(s) andarenottheopinionofJournalsPub unless so stated.
Subscription Information and Order
Cost of Journal
National Subscription
?Rs. 3000/-perJournal(includes2 printissues), SingleIssue copypurchaseRs.1800/copy
International Subscription
?OnlineOnly- $99, PrintOnly-$149 (includes2printissues)
?Online+ Print-$199(includes2printissues +onlineaccessof publishedbackvolumes)
To purchaseprintcompilationof backissues pleasesendyourqueryatinfo@journalspub.com
Subscription must be prepaid. Rates outside the India include speed delivery charges. Prices subject to change without
notice.
Mode of Payment:At par cheque, Demand draft, and RTGS (payment to be made in favor of Dhruv Infosystem Pvt. ltd.,
payableatDelhi/NewDelhi.
OnlineAccess Policy
A). ForAuthors:
In order to provide maximum citation and wide publicity to the authors work, JournalsPub also have OpenAccess Policy;
Authors who would like to get their work open access can opt for Optional Open Access publication at nominal cost as
follows:
India,SARC andAfricanCountries:INR 1500 includingsinglehardcopyofAuthor's Journal.
OtherCountries:USD 200includingsinglehardcopyofAuthor's Journal.
B.) ForSubscribers:
Online access will be activated within 72 hours of receipt of the payment (working days), subject to receipt of correct
informationonuser details/StaticIPaddress of thesubscriber.
The accesswillbeblocked:
If the user requests for the same and furnishes valid reasons for blocking due to technical issue. Misuse of the access rights
as pertheaccesspolicy.
Advertising and Commercial Reprint Inquiries: JournalsPub with wide circulation and visibility offer an excellent media
for showcasing/promotion of your products/services and the events-namely, Conferences, Symposia/Seminars etc.These
journals have very high potential to deliver the message across the targeted audience regularly with each published issue.
The advertisements on bulk subscriptions, gift subscriptions or reprint purchases for distribution etc. are also very
welcome.
LostIssue Claims:Pleasenotethefollowingwhen applyingfor lostor missingissues:
Claims for print copies lost will be honored only after 45 days of the dispatch date and before publication of the next issue
as perthefrequency.
Tracking id for the speed post will be provided to all our subscribers and the claims for the missing Journals will be
entertainedonlywiththeproofs whichwillbeverifiedatboththeends.
Claimsfiledduetoinsufficient(or nonotice)ofchangeof address willnotbehonored.
Change ofAddress of Dispatch should be intimated to JournalsPub at least 2 months prior to the dispatch schedule as per
thefrequencyby mentioningsubscriberID andthesubscriptionID.
Refundrequestswillnotbeentertained.
LegalDisputes
AllthelegaldisputesaresubjectedtoDelhiJurisdictiononly.
If you haveanyquestions,pleasecontactthePublicationManagementTeam:
info@journalspub.com;Tel:+910120-4347644.

International Journal of Architecture
and Infrastructure Planning
International Journal of Architecture and Infrastructure Planning is rapidly growing area of architecture
and planning is devoted to create awareness in the sustainable architecture and related fields that are of
equalimportanceand cancreateanimpactontheongoingresearch.
Focus and Scope oftheJournal
! Building science and management
! Computer techniques in architectural design
! Construction industry
! Heritage studies and conservation
! Infrastructure planning and systems management
! Maintenance and up-gradation of historic structures
! Planning, designing, and constructing buildings
! Contemporary architecture
! Organic architecture
! Sustainable architecture
International Journal of Architecture and Infrastructure Planning.is published twice a year (bi-annual) by
JournalsPub- an imprint of Dhruv Infosystems Pvt. Ltd., India. The outlooks stated in the articles do not
essentially reflect of the publisher. The publisher does not endorse the quality or value of the
advertised/sponsored products described therein. Please consult full prescribing information before issuing
aprescriptionfor anyproductsmentionedinthispublication.
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in retrieval or transmitted in any form without written
permissiontothepublisher.
To cite any of the material contained in this journal, in English or translation, please use the full English
reference at the beginning of each article. To reuse any of the material, please contact JournalsPub
(info@journalspub.com).

PUBLICATION MANAGEMENT TEAM
INTERNAL MEMBERS
Associate Manager
Chairman
Mr. Puneet Mehrotra
Managing Director,
JournalsPub,
New Delhi
Hidam Renubala
Ankita Singh
Akanksha Marwah
Deepika Bhadauria
Commissioning Editors
Priyanka Garg
Chhavi Goel
Shrawani Verma

EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS
Dr. Sutapa Das
Department of Architecture, Indian Institute of
Technology Kharagpur, India
Dr. Suchandra Bardhan
Department of Architecture, Jadavpur
University, India
Dr. Krishna Kumar Dhote
Department of Architecture and Planning,
MANIT, Bhopal (M.P.),
India
Dr. Sandeep Dua
Department of Physical Planning &
Architecture, Guru Nanak Dev University,
Punjab, India
Dr. Prakash Vinayak Durge
Department of Civil Engineering, College of
Engineering & Tecnology Akola, India
Dr. Mohammed Sazzad Hossain
Department of Architecture, Southeast
University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Dr. Mostafa Refat Ismail
Department of Architecture Engineering, Ain
Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
Dr. Minakshi Jain
Department of Architecture, National Institute
of Technology Hamirpur (H.P), India
Dr. Adesoji David Jiboye
Department of Architecture, Obafemi Awolowo
University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
Dr. Mohammad Arif Kamal
Department of Architecture, Aligarh Muslim
University, Aligarh, India
Dr. Saikala Lakshminarayanan,
Department of Architecture, National Institute of
Technology, Tiruchirapalli, TamilNadu, India
Farhan Mohammad Fazli,
Aligarh Muslim University, A Central
Government Institution, India
Dr. Amar Nath Nayak,
Department of Civil Engineering, Veer Surendra
Sai University of Technology, Odisha, India
Dr. Rajindra Kumar Pandit,
Department of Architecture, Madhav Institute
of Technology & Science, Gwalior, India
Dr. Nelly Shafik Ramzy
Department of Architecture, Sinai University,
Cairo, Egypt
Dr. Kailash M. Rao,
Department of Architecture, Manipal
University, India
Dr. Satyaki Sarkar,
Department of Architecture, Birla Institute of
Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, India
Dr. Debasis Sarkar
Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University,
Ahmedabad, India
Dr. Dili A. S.,
TKM College of Engineering, Kollam Kerala,
India
Dr. B. S. Bhooshan,
BMS College of Engineering, Bangalore BSB
Architects, Bangalore and Mysore, India
Dr. G. Viswanadha Kumar,
Associate Professor Department of Architecture,
A.U. College of Engineering, Visakhapatnam,
India
Ar. Debashis Sanyal,
Associate Professor, Department of
Architecture, National Institute of Technology
Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India

EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS
Ms Sharmin Khan,
Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture,
Z.H.C.E.T., AMU, Aligarh, India
Bhawna Shrivastava,
Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology
Bhopal, India
Mr. Saptarshi Sanyal
Assistant Professor of Architecture, School of
Planning & Architecture, (SPA) New Delhi,
India, India

From the Editor's Desk
Dear Readers,
We would like to present, with great pleasure, the inaugural volume of a new scholarly
journal, International Journal of Architecture and Infrastructure Planning. This journal is
part of the Architecture, and is devoted to the scope of present Architecture issues, from
theoreticalaspectstoapplication-dependentstudiesand thevalidationofemergingtechnologies.
This new journal was planned and established to represent the growing needs ofArchitecture as an emerging
and increasingly vital field, now widely recognized as an integral part of scientific and technical
investigations. Its mission is to become a voice of the Architectural community, addressing researchers and
practitionersinthisarea.
The core vision of International Journal of Architecture and Infrastructure Planning in Journals Pub is to
propagate novel awareness and know-how for the profit of mankind ranging from the academic and
professional research societies to industry practitioners in a range of topics in Architecture and
Infrastructure Planning in general. Journals Pub acts as a pathfinder for the scientific community to
publishedtheirpapers atexcellently,well-time&successfully.
International Journal ofArchitecture and Infrastructure Planning focuses on original high-quality research
in the realm of Building science and management Construction industry, Heritage studies and conservation,
Contemporary architecture,OrganicandSustainableArchitecture.
The Journal is intended as a forum for practitioners and researchers to share the techniques of Architecture
and InfrastructurePlanningandsolutionsinthearea.
Many scientists and researchers have contributed to the creation and the success of the Architecture and
Infrastructure planning community. We are very thankful to everybody within that community who
supported the idea of creating an innovative platform. We are certain that this issue will be followed by many
others, reportingnewdevelopmentsinthefieldofArchitectureandInfrastructurePlanning.
This issue would not have been possible without the great support of the Editorial Board members, and we
would like to express our sincere thanks to all of them. We would also like to express our gratitude to the
editorialstaffofJournalsPub,who supported us ateverystageoftheproject.
It is our hope that this fine collection of articles will be a valuable resource forArchitectural readers and will
stimulatefurtherresearchintothevibrantareaofArchitectureand InfrastructurePlanning.
PuneetMehrotra
ManagingDirector

1. Rejuvenate Past- Conserve Heritage
M.F. Fazli, S.K. Gupta, S.B. Mehta 1
2. Square Up For Green Infrastructure: Taj Mahal
Ankita Singh 5
3. Significance of Smart Cities in 21st Century From an International Business Perspective
A.N. Sarkar 8
4. Certification and Rating Systems of Green Buildings
A.N. Sarkar 29
5. Logistics Clustering for Leveraging International Business Operations of Aerotropolis
A.N. Sarkar 40
Contents

IJAIP (2016) 1–4 © JournalsPub 2015. All Rights Reserved Page 1
International Journal of Architecture and Infrastructure Planning
ISSN: 2456-0154 (online)
Vol. 2: Issue 1
www.journalspub.com
Rejuvenate Past- Conserve Heritage
M.F. Fazli1
*, S.K. Gupta2
, S.B. Mehta3
1
Department of Architecture, Zakir Husain College of Engineering and Technology,
Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
2
Amity School of Architecture and Planning, Amity University, Haryana, India
3
Chandigarh College of Architecture, Chandigarh, India
Abstract
Conservation of heritage areas is not taken very seriously in our country, which is the reason
we are losing our past. The conservation movement is a grass-roots effort led by individuals
determined to foster a greater appreciation for the cultural, social, historical and
architectural qualities of the built environment. The individuals set in motion the
preservation of buildings that have become part of our collective identity and contribute daily
to the beauty and education of our city and country. Conserving historic areas is essential to
understanding our nation's rich culture and it also helps to reconstruct our nation’s past.
Keywords: conservation, heritage, management plan
INTRODUCTION
The problems in most of the heritage areas
are similar and are due to the lack of
maintenance and management. This is a
common practice with all the heritage
buildings of national importance. Every
heritage area will suffer the same fate in
spite of starting out with a fairly well
conceived planned layout with remarkable
architectural style which will evoke a
sense of distinction and pride and also an
identity and aesthetic sense for that
particular site.
While heritage has now been generally
recognized by society as important, the
actual preservation and conservation
processes pose a very real challenge. It is
important to restore the historic buildings
and monuments because it provides a
sense of identity and continuity in a fast
changing world for future generations.
Heritage is seen as a major component of
quality of life, but the two main methods
of identifying and protecting built heritage.
The listing of individual monuments and
buildings and designation of heritage areas
is yet not done in most part of the country.
The reason behind it, we don’t know the
significance and values of our heritage. It
is important to give attention towards the
building of any age.
Existing building along with its
surrounding can often be energy efficient
through their use of good ventilation,
durable materials, and spatial relationships
and have the advantage of saving the time,
new building materials, infrastructure etc.
This paper intends merely to focus on the
Built Heritage which is part of the tangible
cultural heritage. The purpose of this
paper, therefore, is to examine the role that
built cultural heritage can play within
sustainable urban development. It will also
look on some conservation issues that may
arise while defining the significance and
values of the heritage areas. Finally it will
provide some basic management &

Vol. 2: Issue 1
www.journalspub.com
Square Up For Green Infrastructure: Taj Mahal
Ankita Singh*
Department of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida
Abstract
In the world no region will be entirely spared, the worst impacts are likely to fall most
frequently on developing cities and in particular low-income cities in India like Agra.
However, green infrastructure (GI) has been proposed as one of the good approach to soothe
and adapt the built environment consequences of increased temperatures resulting from
various sources. Impregnable surfaces, like roads, roofs and pavements move a variety of
pollutants in the urban environment toward rivers, homes, buildings and mostly for
monuments; and other supplies through gray infrastructure characteristic such as storm
drains and pipes. The Taj Mahal is located on the right bank of the Yamuna River in a vast
Mughal garden that encompasses a huge area, in the Agra District in Uttar Pradesh. It is the
1st
wonder among 7 wonders of the world which is the stooge of built environment pollution
effects of grey infrastructure (pipes, pumps, ditches, and detention ponds).Green
infrastructure characterized by various management practices, including bio retention,
swales, wetlands, forest buffers, and vegetated strips. All these have been implemented to
reduce pollution and benefit municipalities responsible for pollution reduction programs.
Green infrastructures leads to improve the gases load like nitrogen, phosphorous etc. and
reduction in metals as well. All the above mentioned pollutants are harmful for Taj Mahal
and river Yamuna as all the sources from grey infrastructure provoke global warming,
greenhouse effect, ozone layer depletion which is direct hazards for Taj Mahal. It
recommended more programs for green infrastructure planning and implementation in Agra
so that Taj Mahal is save and environment desist from activities that depletes the ozone layer
and as well encourage the protection of available greenery in the environment. With this, the
on-going global warming will seriously decline.
Keywords: green infrastructure, global warming, gray infrastructure, ozone layer
INTRODUCTION
The Taj Mahal is located on the right bank
of the Yamuna River in a huge acre area in
Agra District UP. It was built by Shah
Jahan in memory of his wife Mumtaz
Mahal with construction of 16 years. It is a
rhythmic beauty with lots of art embedded
in a single umbrella called Taj Mahal.
Despite efforts to keep the outer surfaces
of the Taj Mahal white, it remains
discolored, and the reason for the
discoloration of Taj Mahal is not currently
understood. Recent work has reported poor
air quality throughout the Indo-Gangetic
plain counting relatively high
concentrations of particulate matter like
polluted gases, metals etc. in Agra.
Particulate matter includes the light
absorbing components black carbon (BC),
light absorbing organic carbon etc. These
carbons absorbed in the UV region and
give brown color to the atmosphere which
can be absorbed by Taj Mahal which turns
it into yellow color. The presence of these

IJTETS (2016) 8–28 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 8
Vol. 2: Issue 1
www.journalspub.com
Significance of Smart Cities in 21st Century From an
International Business Perspective
A.N. Sarkar*
Asia-Pacific Institute of Management, 3 & 4 Institutional Areas, Jasola (Sarita Vihar), New Delhi
Abstract
Globally, cities account for as many as 80% of the nine billion people inhabiting the earth.
These cities will have an enormous impact on our environment and economy. It therefore
appears essential that the world itself decide how these cities are to be organized in ways that
satisfy mankind’s future needs for survival and growth. In doing so, cities need to be
technologically and environmentally sound, economically prosperous and socially just. Such
cities will also rely increasingly on the “Internet of Things.” This will permit and strongly
encourage, smart cities to make more effective a genuinely integrated world business
environment, as well as a global trading systems. The future city will not only influence on
society, but will also impacts a wider global environments and economies. This paper is
directed to explore and discuss the significance and new opportunities of smart cities in
international businesses to face the challenges of the 21st Century.
Keywords: International Business Perspective, smart cities, 21st Century
INTRODUCTION
According to UN statistics, more than 51%
of us now reside in urban environments.
Since the turn of this century, mega-cities
in the developing world have seen a full
doubling of their populations and even
developed-world cities and towns have
seen a 10% increase. By 2050, over two-
thirds of us will be urban dwellers – a
situation that will pose several challenges
and opportunities for us all. Cities are
ground-zero for an increasingly strained
social-safety net, in fighting
communicable diseases that can lead to
pandemics, and in combating terrorism,
international gangs and crime syndicates.
But they also act as the economic engines
for new-world economies and are on the
forefront of their respective national hopes
and desires to compete on the international
stage. To seize their moments of glory and
squelch instances of trouble, cities will
have to become intelligent, more
innovative and more integrated across their
employees, citizens and businesses to
thrive in the age of globalization. Moving
quickly into the 21st century, it becomes
clear that a city’s overall livability will
have to enter a new dimension in order to
keep pace with growing populations and
finite resources. Technological innovation
coupled with smart connectivity that
leverages the growing Internet of Things,
can solve actual hazard points related to
traffic congestion, waste/pollution
management and energy efficiency that
will take city livability to new approaches.
Taking a cue from above, the broad
objectives of the paper are to look at the
major elements of the typical smart cities
and, based on these strengths, in what
ways we should be able to define the
mechanisms to make the smart cities

IJAFP (2016) 29–39 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 29
Vol. 2: Issue 1
www.journalspub.com
Certification and Rating Systems of Green Buildings
A.N. Sarkar
Asia-Pacific Institute of Management, New Delhi, India
INTRODUCTION
Green building is the practice of increasing
the efficiency of buildings and their use of
energy, water, and materials, and reducing
building impacts on human health and the
environment, through better sitting, design,
construction, operation, maintenance, and
removal – taking into account every aspect
of the complete building life cycle. Green
Building also refers to Design and
construction practices that significantly
reduce, or eliminate the negative impact of
buildings on the environment and its
occupants with regard to site planning;
safeguarding water use and water use
efficiency; promoting energy efficiency
and renewable energy; conserving
materials and resources; and promoting
indoor environmental quality (US Green
Building Council). Green building is “a
holistic approach to design, construction,
and demolition that minimizes the
building’s impact on the environment, the
occupants, and the community” (California
Building Standards Commission). Now,
more than ever, the need for industry’s
best practices remains critical to the
Health, Safety and Environment (HSE)
related issues of the Green Market. To
date, more than 300 investor-owned
utilities, municipal utilities, and
cooperatives have either implemented or
announced plans to offer a green pricing
option for a wide-ranging eco-friendly
Green products, including Green
Building.“Green” or “Sustainable”
buildings are characterized by: efficient
management of energy and water
resources; management of material
resources and waste; restoration and
protection of environmental quality;
enhancement and protection of health and
indoor environmental quality;
reinforcement of natural systems; analysis
of the life cycle costs and benefits of
materials and methods; integration of the
design decision-making process.
A Model Green Building Cluster in South
California.
In recent times, Green building has
attracted the imagination of both architects
and builders world over for adaptation and
expansion in the urban areas in particular
because of several tangible and intangible
benefits. The tangible benefits include:
reduction in water and energy
consumption, energy savings ranging from
20 to 30% and water savings around 30–
50%. The intangible benefits of green new
buildings include enhanced air quality,
excellent day-lighting, health and well-
being of the occupants, safety benefits and
conservation of scarce national resources,
organic wastes and waste water
reduction/recycling to derive both
environmental and financial leveraging.
Green buildings have a smarter lighting
system that automatically switches off
when no one is present inside the rooms.

Journal of Architecture and Infrastructure Planning
Vol. 2: Issue 1
www.journalspub.com
Logistics Clustering for Leveraging International Business
Operations of Aerotropolis
A.N. Sarkar*
Asia-Pacific Institute of Management, 3 & 4 Institutional Areas, Jasola, Sarita Vihar, New Delhi, India
Abstract
Logistics and supply-chain management constitute the two cardinal and critical components
for conducting aerotropolis-based global businesses. Logistics infrastructure; especially
when in clusters becomes a key enabler of global trade. Speed and responsiveness have been
recognized as essential elements of competitive strategy in the international businesses.
Airports have always been the key nodes in global production systems offering speed, agility,
and connectivity to the expected level of services by the industry. To increase the speed with
which companies are able to respond to customer orders, many warehouse and distribution
companies, as well as logistics companies, have located close to airports i.e. Airport cities or
aerotropolis. Increasingly, now, manufacturing companies are also locating close to airports
to minimize the distance between the place of manufacture and the location of transport. In
this endeavour, products can move quickly off the assembly-line and onto the freighter and
the vessels. The concentration of these manufacturing activities acts as a magnet to attract
other supporting knowledge and service industries globally by forging widely networked
connectivity of all kinds. These connected trends have led to the emergence of a new form of
airport-centric commercial development in the aviation sector, called the aerotropolis. This
trend has transformed “city airports” into “airport cities.” This trend also positions airports
as 21st century drivers of business location, urban economic growth and global economic
integration. The aerotropolises are also powerful engines of regional and local economic
development, attracting aviation-linked businesses of all types that are attracted by the
ability to get their products to customers around the world. Increasingly, these companies
include, among others, time-sensitive manufacturing and distribution facilities, as well as
hotel, entertainment, retail, convention, trade and exhibition complexes. This paper explains
and illustrates the various infrastructural support systems and operational modalities used by
logistics clusters in the aerotropolis for leveraging operational business efficiencies in a
hyper-competitive manner.
Keywords: aerotropolis, international business, logistics clusters
INTRODUCTION
Three generic models of airports as
activity centres can be conceptualized in
the aviation industries and businesses. The
‘aviapolis’ is the marketing and
development of aviation orientated and
airport-centred business hubs.[1]
The
‘airfront’ is the collection of aviation
related industries and services attracted to,
and located within, an airport hinterland.[2]
The identification of the airport as a focus
for logistics, and as a function of transport-
based urban development, has been
recognised as an ‘aerotropolis’.[3]

Architecture and Infrastructure Planning Journal

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

What's hot

What's hot (19)

Viewers also liked

Viewers also liked (18)

Similar to Architecture and Infrastructure Planning Journal

Similar to Architecture and Infrastructure Planning Journal (7)

More from JournalsPub www.journalspub.com

More from JournalsPub www.journalspub.com (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

Architecture and Infrastructure Planning Journal