US History Ch 5.5
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The document summarizes the Scientific Revolution and spread of new ideas in Europe in the 1600s. Scientists like Galileo and Isaac Newton used the scientific method of careful observation and experimentation to develop theories about how the universe worked, such as Galileo's discovery that the Earth revolves around the Sun. These new scientific ideas began to influence all areas of study and spread to the colonies. The Enlightenment period further encouraged the use of reason and logic. In the colonies, education was limited but institutions like Harvard were established. Individuals like Benjamin Franklin and colonial scientists and writers helped advance new ideas and apply science to practical problems in the colonies.
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The Scientific Revolution began as natural philosophers in the 15th-16th centuries began to abandon ancient authorities like Aristotle and instead make their own observations. Developments like the printing press and new instruments helped spread ideas. Thinkers applied mathematics to understand nature, including Copernicus proposing a sun-centered universe, Kepler discovering elliptical orbits, and Galileo's telescopic discoveries supporting Copernicus. Isaac Newton then defined universal laws of motion and gravitation, dominating the worldview until Einstein. Anatomists like Vesalius and Harvey also improved on Galen's models, while philosophers like Descartes and Bacon emphasized reason and the scientific method.
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After World War I, demobilization led to an economic boom as farms and factories increased production to replace wartime needs. However, it also caused labor unrest as returning soldiers sought jobs and displaced groups like women and African Americans. This period saw the founding of civil rights groups like the NAACP and LULAC to protect minority communities, but also controversies like accusations of impropriety around Governor "Ma" Ferguson's pardons and contracts.
US History Ch 5.3
The document summarizes the economies of the three colonial regions. The Southern colonies had warm weather suitable for cash crops like tobacco, rice and indigo grown by slaves. The New England colonies had a harsh climate better suited to industries like fishing and shipbuilding rather than farming. The Middle colonies had a mix of agriculture and industry, growing staple crops like wheat with some slaves and indentured servants. Women's economic roles varied by region but they generally faced legal restrictions.
First texans powerpoint
Early civilizations developed around the world as humans transitioned from hunter-gatherer societies to agricultural societies. Archaeologists study artifacts and human remains to learn about prehistoric peoples and how they lived. The first humans are believed to have migrated to North America over 10,000 years ago from Asia. Called Paleo-Indians, they were hunter-gatherers who made stone tools. Around 7000 years ago in Mesoamerica, some groups began farming crops like corn and lived in permanent settlements, leading to growing populations and more complex societies. While large civilizations emerged elsewhere, most Native American groups in Texas remained hunter-gatherers and developed pottery, bows, and arrows.
Tx history-ch-18.3
The document summarizes several key campaigns and battles in Texas and the Southwest during the Civil War. Confederate General Henry Sibley attempted to seize control of the region in 1861 but was forced to retreat from Union forces at Glorieta Pass in New Mexico. Later, Confederate forces recaptured the important port of Galveston from the Union by converting steamboats into armored "cottonclad" gunboats. The Confederates also defended successfully against Union attacks at Sabine Pass and Laredo, Texas. However, the Union did briefly capture Brownsville in 1863 before being driven out. Ultimately, Confederate forces turned back several Union campaigns aimed at invading Texas, including the Red River Campaign in
US History Ch 5.4
The Great Awakening was a period of religious revival in the English colonies during the 18th century. Colonists experienced renewed interest in religion and salvation through God's grace alone rather than works. Prominent preachers like George Whitefield and Jonathan Edwards led revival meetings promoting this message. However, the religious movement was controversial and divided colonists between the "Old Lights" who opposed the new ideas and the "New Lights" who supported them. This caused splits within religious denominations like the Presbyterian church. The Great Awakening ultimately increased religious participation and influenced society and politics in the colonies.
Tx23.1
This document summarizes the birth of the oil industry in Texas. It describes how demand for kerosene rose after its use in lamps was developed, leading to the initial search for oil. The first major strike in Texas was at Spindletop in 1901, where the gusher shot 70,000 barrels of oil per day. This triggered an economic boom but also led to overproduction that drove prices down. While Spindletop's reserves were soon drained, it marked the start of Texas establishing itself as a leader in oil production.
TX History Ch 11.5
The fall of the Alamo and the massacre at Goliad greatly angered Texas soldiers. General Sam Houston was put in command of the Texas army but faced many challenges as his troops were poorly supplied and untrained. After learning of the defeat at Goliad, Houston ordered civilians to flee eastward in what became known as the "Runaway Scrape". At San Jacinto, Houston defeated Santa Anna's Mexican army in just 18 minutes, securing Texas' independence from Mexico.
Tx23.2
Wildcatters, or independent explorers, took significant risks searching for new oil fields in Texas in the early 1900s. Some of the earliest and largest oil fields were discovered, including at Sour Lake in 1893 and the East Texas oil field in the 1930s, which became one of the largest oil fields in the world. As more oil fields were found across Texas, the oil industry grew significantly and operators had to develop ways to transport and market oil and natural gas.
US History Ch 10.2
Alexander Hamilton proposed several financial plans as Secretary of the Treasury, including repaying national bonds at full value, assuming state debts, and establishing the Bank of the United States. This led to debates with Thomas Jefferson, who believed in limited federal power and promoted states' rights and agriculture over manufacturing. Congress approved Hamilton's plans, establishing precedents for broad interpretation of federal power and national economic policies.
US History Ch 8.1
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Tx history-ch-15.2
The document summarizes key aspects of the Texas Constitution of 1845 that was drafted at the Convention of 1845 when Texas joined the United States. The constitution established the executive, legislative, and judicial branches and set terms for elected offices. It only allowed white men over 21 to vote and hold office, protected slavery, and included some economic regulations and protections for property rights and prohibiting dueling.
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Chapter 10.2 powerpoint
The document provides an overview of the Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment. It discusses:
1) Key figures of the Scientific Revolution like Copernicus, Galileo, Kepler, Descartes, Boyle, Newton who developed new scientific theories and methods of observation and experimentation that displaced old views.
2) Advances in astronomy, medicine, and chemistry during this period based on new empirical approaches.
3) How the Enlightenment was influenced by the Scientific Revolution and figures like Locke and Newton. Philosophes like Voltaire, Montesquieu, and Diderot spread new ideas through works and salons.
4) Enlightenment thinkers believed in using reason to reform society through principles like
Enlightenment Ch 9
The Enlightenment was an intellectual movement that emphasized reason, science, and individualism rather than tradition. During this era, scientists like Copernicus, Galileo, Kepler, Newton, and Boyle made discoveries that challenged traditional beliefs and established the scientific method. Philosophers such as Locke, Montesquieu, Voltaire, and others promoted ideals of liberty, constitutional government, freedom of religion, and separation of powers. Their works helped spread ideals of the Enlightenment and encouraged using reason to improve society and advance human knowledge.
Science in the 16th Century- Interactive Lecture
This document discusses science in early modern Europe, including:
1) There was debate around whether there was a "Scientific Revolution" and how science related to religion. Science was created by communities of scholars, not just individuals.
2) The term "science" comes from the Latin scientia, meaning knowledge. Natural philosophy and history created knowledge about the natural world and were part of the medieval university.
3) Early modern science included organizations like the Accademia dei Lincei that brought together natural historians, as well as figures like Tycho Brahe who made important astronomical observations.
Scientific Revolution Notes
The Scientific Revolution of the 1500s and 1600s changed how Europeans viewed the world by encouraging conclusions based on experimentation rather than tradition. Copernicus published a theory that the Earth revolved around the sun, contradicting Ptolemy's geocentric model, while Galileo and Kepler provided evidence supporting Copernicus through observations with early telescopes and mathematical calculations. Newton later built on this work by formulating laws of motion and gravity and proving the existence and properties of light through experimentation and the new scientific method. These advances established modern science.
Scientific revolution ppt 2
The scientific revolution began in the 16th century as scholars started challenging ancient authorities and religious doctrines. New tools like the telescope and microscope enabled more precise observations, while advances in math provided ways to analyze data. Copernicus and Kepler proposed models of the solar system contradicting the geocentric Ptolemaic system. Galileo's telescope observations further disproved Ptolemy, though the Church condemned his findings. Newton later defined gravity and laws of motion unifying earlier ideas. Despite some contributions from women, the new empirical and reason-based scientific approach became dominated by male thinkers like Descartes, who separated body from mind, and Bacon, who advocated using science to understand and control nature.
Mr. Healy Enlightenment
The Enlightenment began with the Scientific Revolution in the 16th century, as people started questioning long-held beliefs and relying more on observation and experimentation. Copernicus proposed the heliocentric model that the Sun, not Earth, is the center of the solar system, though he feared persecution from the Catholic Church. Galileo also supported the heliocentric model and made discoveries with the telescope that contradicted Church teachings, resulting in him being put on trial for heresy. Isaac Newton later developed theories of motion and universal gravitation that unified Kepler's, Galileo's and Copernicus' findings.
Enlightenmentch9hwh2
The document provides information about key figures and developments during the Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment era in Europe between 1500-1700:
- During this time, European thinkers began relying more on reasoning and experimentation rather than traditional beliefs, leading to advances in science and the scientific method. This sparked the Scientific Revolution and an explosion of new knowledge.
- Thinkers like Copernicus, Kepler, Galileo, and Newton contributed greatly to developments in astronomy, physics, and the understanding that the universe follows definite natural laws.
- The Scientific Revolution influenced the Enlightenment period in the 1700s, where it was believed that applying reason could solve social and political problems and free people from ignorance.
- Political philosophers
Essay On Scientific Revolution And Enlightenment
The Scientific Revolution began in the 16th century with Copernicus proposing that the Sun, not the Earth, was the center of the universe. This challenged the geocentric model endorsed by the Catholic Church. Galileo built upon Copernicus' theory with astronomical observations using his telescope. He proved that Copernicus was right, which put him in direct conflict with the Church. Other influential scientists included Tycho Brahe, who made highly accurate observations of planetary motions, and Johannes Kepler, who described the orbits of planets. Isaac Newton then synthesized the work of previous scientists with his law of universal gravitation and laws of motion, establishing classical mechanics.
Intellectual revolutions
The document discusses intellectual revolutions that defined society, focusing on scientific revolutions from the 14th to 18th centuries in Europe. It describes how early philosophers developed ideas about the natural world, and how the scientific revolution challenged existing religious views and established the scientific method. The revolution transformed society by establishing science as a discipline and field of inquiry, and shifting views about the relationship between humanity, nature, and the cosmos from geocentric to heliocentric models. Key figures like Copernicus, Galileo, and Kepler played important roles in this intellectual transformation through their scientific theories and observations.
Scientific revolution
The Scientific Revolution from 1550-1800 CE marked a period of immense change in scientific thought and discovery. Figures like Copernicus, Kepler, Galileo and Newton developed theories that displaced Earth from the center of the universe and established gravity and laws of motion, overturning Aristotelian conceptions. Advances in fields like astronomy, physics, chemistry and medicine established new empirical and mathematical approaches to understanding the natural world through observation and experimentation. The scientific method developed during this time established an evidence-based framework for scientific inquiry that remains influential.
Setting the record Straight
This document aims to set the record straight about contributions to science by correcting common misconceptions taught in Western histories. It provides numerous examples of scientific discoveries and advances that were actually made by Muslim scholars centuries before they are typically credited to Western scientists. These include early inventions and studies relating to aviation, optics, trigonometry, algebra, negative numbers, and more. The document argues that Islamic scholars made many fundamental contributions to the development of science that have been overlooked or omitted from traditional Western historical accounts.
Scientific Revolution and the Scientists
A student in Germany in the early 1500s was interested in astronomy and had many questions about why the moon and stars moved as they did. Their teachers' explanations were not satisfactory. During this same time period, the Scientific Revolution was occurring in Europe from 1540-1700. Scientists like Copernicus, Kepler, Galileo and Newton observed the world and developed theories and laws to explain their observations logically rather than relying on religious explanations. Newton's law of gravity and laws of motion became the foundation for further scientific study. The Scientific Revolution changed society by establishing the scientific method and raising questions about religious teachings.
Scientific revolutionpowerpoint
During the Scientific Revolution of the 1500s, scientists like Copernicus, Kepler, Galileo, and Newton made important contributions that changed views of the universe and established the scientific method. Copernicus proposed that the Earth revolved around the Sun, contradicting the Church's teachings. Kepler proved Copernicus right and also discovered elliptical orbits. Galileo improved the telescope and made observations supporting Copernicus, but got in trouble with the Church. Newton discovered gravity and laws of motion and established classical mechanics. Their work fundamentally transformed science and thinking.
Scientific Revolution
The Scientific Revolution saw a shift from medieval views of truth based on religious texts to questioning how the universe worked through observation and experimentation. Key figures included Copernicus who proposed the heliocentric model of the solar system with the sun at the center; Kepler who mathematically proved Copernicus' model and formulated laws of planetary motion; and Galileo who used the telescope to observe celestial bodies and support the heliocentric theory through experiments. Newton later established the law of universal gravitation and laws of motion, while the scientific method was developed.
Scientificrevolution 091116185534-phpapp02
The Scientific Revolution saw a shift from medieval views of truth based on religious texts to questioning how the universe worked through observation and experimentation. Key figures included Copernicus who developed the heliocentric theory that the Earth and planets revolve around the sun, Kepler who calculated planetary orbits, and Galileo who used the telescope to confirm the heliocentric view. Newton later established the law of universal gravitation and laws of motion.
Scientificrevolution 091116185534-phpapp02
The Scientific Revolution saw a shift from medieval views of truth based on religious texts to questioning how the universe worked through observation and experimentation. Key developments included Copernicus formulating the heliocentric theory that the Earth and planets revolve around the sun, Kepler mathematically proving the sun-centered solar system through his laws of planetary motion, and Galileo confirming heliocentrism using a telescope. Isaac Newton later established the law of universal gravitation and laws of motion.
Apeh ch. 17-sc.rev.teacher-sc.rev
The document summarizes the Scientific Revolution, which established modern science. It discusses key figures like Copernicus, Galileo, Kepler, and Newton, and how they challenged Aristotle's geocentric model and developed the heliocentric model and laws of motion and gravity. The Scientific Revolution established empiricism and the scientific method. It led to advances in fields like astronomy, physics, chemistry, anatomy, and more. The Royal Societies also supported the exchange of new scientific ideas. Overall, the Scientific Revolution transformed how people viewed the world and pursued knowledge.
STS%20m%2001_d59d07e242ac635bc98e8dae34cfbc65.docx
The document discusses the scientific revolution and key intellectuals that contributed revolutionary ideas during this period. It provides details on Copernicus, Darwin, and Freud. Copernicus proposed that the Sun, not Earth, was the center of the universe, challenging the dominant geocentric view. Darwin developed the theory of evolution by natural selection, replacing religious design views of creation. Freud developed psychoanalysis as an observational method to study the human mind. The document also summarizes contributions to early science from civilizations in Mesoamerica, Asia, and the Middle East.
Scientific Revolution in Europe 1400-1727
The Scientific Revolution, which is a modern term to describe the precursor to contemporary science, refers to a period of changing doctrinal beliefs and using a more scientific approach to find out logical truth. Factors such as the Renaissance, Reformation, weakening of the Roman Catholic Church, are some major factors which lead to the Scientific Revolution. Furthermore, this powerpoint will cover a series of "scientists" or philosophers who had the courage to change the mentality of Europe during the 1400s up until 1727.
The scientific revolution
The document discusses key figures of the Scientific Revolution from the 15th to 17th centuries who helped transition Europe from doctrinal passivity to an emphasis on scientific inquiry and experimentation. It describes the contributions of Copernicus, Kepler, Galileo, Descartes, Newton, Bacon, Harvey, and Einstein. Their works challenged prior assumptions, established new methodologies like the scientific method, and laid the foundations for modern science in fields like astronomy, physics, mathematics, and medicine.
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TX History Ch 23.3
The oil boom of the late 19th/early 20th century led to the rapid growth of boomtowns as thousands of people moved to new oil fields. This dramatically increased the populations of places like Beaumont and Sour Lake. The automobile industry grew successful using gasoline from oil in internal combustion engines. Petrochemical industries also emerged producing rubber, plastics, and carbon black from oil. Texas passed laws regulating the oil industry and collecting taxes on oil to support education. The permanent university fund was established using land designated for education, supported by oil royalties and philanthropy which continues to benefit the University of Texas and Texas A&M systems.
TX History Ch 23.2
The document summarizes the growth of the oil industry in Texas in the early 1900s. Wildcatters, or independent explorers, searched for new oil fields through risky drilling ventures. Many went bankrupt but key discoveries were made, including the large East Texas oil field in the 1930s. As the industry grew, companies integrated vertically by controlling each step of production, and horizontally by acquiring other businesses in the oil sector. Natural gas was also discovered but initially had little value since transport and distribution infrastructure did not yet exist.
TX History Ch 23.1
The document summarizes the birth of the oil industry in Texas. It details early attempts at drilling for oil in the 1860s and successful strikes in the 1880s and 1890s. On January 10, 1901, a major strike occurred at Spindletop Hill near Beaumont, Texas, where the Lucas Gusher erupted and shot 70,000 barrels of oil per day for 9 days, launching the modern oil industry. However, increased production from Spindletop caused oil prices to plummet, leading to an economic boom and bust around the new oil fields.
TX History Ch 22.1
The document discusses the growth of railroads in Texas in the late 19th century. Railroads helped accelerate Texas' economic development by providing a more reliable and cheaper way to ship goods compared to rivers and roads. To encourage railroad expansion, the state enacted land grant laws that gave railroad companies land to sell in order to finance new track construction. This led to over 30 million acres of public land and 6,000 miles of new track being laid between 1876-1889, connecting more cities and regions across Texas.
US History Ch 19.4
The document discusses life during the American Civil War. It describes Lincoln's issuing of the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863 that freed slaves in Confederate states and encouraged slaves to escape to Union lines. Over 180,000 African Americans served in the Union army, though they received less pay and served under white officers. Both the North and South struggled with problems during the war such as shortages, inflation, and medical issues.
US History Ch 19.3
The document discusses life during the American Civil War. It describes Lincoln's issuing of the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863 that freed slaves in Confederate states and encouraged slaves to escape to Union lines. Over 180,000 African Americans served in the Union army, though they received less pay and served under white officers. Both the North and South struggled with problems during the war such as shortages, inflation, and medical issues.
US History Ch 19.2
The document summarizes key battles and events in the Eastern theater of the American Civil War between 1861-1862. It describes the First Battle of Bull Run in July 1861, where Confederate troops halted the Union advance. In November 1861, George McClellan took command of the Union army. The document then outlines several battles in Virginia in 1862, including the Seven Days Battle where Robert E. Lee forced McClellan to retreat from Richmond. It also discusses the bloody Battle of Antietam in Maryland in September 1862, which halted the Confederate invasion of the North. Finally, it briefly summarizes the naval war, including the famous duel between the C.S.S. Virginia and U.S.S. Monitor at Hampton Roads in
US History Ch 19.1
The document summarizes key events at the beginning of the American Civil War. It describes Lincoln facing crisis as southern states seceded. When the Confederate army bombarded Fort Sumter in South Carolina for 34 hours, it marked the start of the Civil War. In response, Lincoln called for 75,000 volunteers to join the Union army, further dividing families as brothers fought on opposing sides. The summaries compares the advantages and strategies of the North and South as the war began.
TX History Ch 21.4
The document discusses the closing of the open range in the American West. It describes how barbed wire, invented by Joseph Glidden in the 1870s, made large-scale fencing inexpensive and easy, allowing farmers and ranchers to fence off their land. This led to the disappearance of the open range cattle kingdom as lands became enclosed by fences. It also caused conflicts known as range wars between small landowners and large cattle outfits over issues like blocked roads and fenced water sources. By the 1880s, many states had passed laws against fence cutting and regulating fencing rights in an attempt to resolve range disputes. Overgrazing, expanded farming and ranching, railroads, and other factors also contributed to the end of
TX History Ch 21.3
The document discusses the history of ranching in South Texas and the Panhandle region. It describes important ranches like the King Ranch, located in Kennedy County, which at its largest encompassed over 1 million acres. It also discusses pioneers of ranching in the Panhandle such as John Adair and Charles Goodnight who established the huge JA Ranch. The document also notes the role of African American trail drivers like Bose Ikard and how the cowboy lifestyle was popularized through dime novels.
TX History Ch 21.1
Early cattle ranching in Texas began with Spanish settlers in the 1500s who established ranches in Mexico and moved cattle northward into the Rio Grande and San Antonio River Valleys. Spanish ranchers used brands to identify cattle ownership and drove cattle to market in New Orleans and to supply Spanish outposts, facing problems of rustling, low demand, and limited access to markets. Texas longhorns thrived on native grasses, weathered hot and cold temperatures, could eat prickly pear, and were resistant to Texas Fever, with their large horns providing protection.
TX History Ch 20.3
The document summarizes key battles between Plains Indians and the US Army in the Red River War of 1874. It describes the Battle of Adobe Walls in June 1874, where 700 Indians attacked a trading post but were defeated by 30 whites. It also discusses the Battle of Palo Duro Canyon in September 1874, where Colonel Ranald Mackenzie launched a surprise attack against Comanche villages, killing three Comanche and destroying their supplies, villages, and 1400 horses. The Battle of Palo Duro Canyon was a decisive victory that forced the Plains Indians to accept life on reservations.
TX History Ch 20.2
The document summarizes events surrounding the Salt Creek Raid in 1871, in which Kiowa and Comanche tribes attacked a wagon train near Salt Creek, killing 7 men. In response, General Sherman had three tribal leaders arrested. Though one was killed resisting arrest, the others were convicted of murder but later had their death sentences commuted to life in prison by the governor. The Salt Creek Raid convinced the war department that Indians needed to be forced onto reservations, leading to increased raids by Colonel Mackenzie on the Comanche and other tribes to force their surrender and movement to reservations.
TX History Ch 20.4
The document discusses the end of the Indian Wars in Texas in the late 1800s. It describes the Apache leader Victorio who raided across the Rio Grande after being forced to move to a reservation in New Mexico. The U.S. Army chased Victorio for two years with regiments including African American "Buffalo Soldier" troops. Victorio's raids stopped when he died in 1880 after Mexican troops became involved in the conflict. It also discusses the difficulties Indians faced on reservations, including being forced to farm with little experience or adequate land and having religious practices banned.
TX History Ch 20.1
During the 1860s, American Indian raids increased as soldiers were occupied in the Civil War. This pushed the frontier line in Texas further east at times. In 1865, the Treaty of Little Arkansas was negotiated but the promised reservation was never created. The Treaty of Medicine Lodge in 1867 required Plains Indians to move to a reservation in Indian Territory in exchange for supplies, but some Indians refused to accept reservation life. The Peace Policy of 1869 aimed to prevent war by appointing Quakers as Indian agents, but reservation life was difficult due to poor soil and insufficient supplies from the government.
US History Ch 18.4
John Brown led a raid on the federal arsenal in Harper's Ferry in 1859 hoping to arm slaves and start an uprising. He was captured, convicted of treason, and hanged. His actions increased tensions between northern abolitionists and southern slaveholders. In 1860, Abraham Lincoln was elected president, despite not being on the ballot in many southern states. As southern states increasingly feared the potential end of slavery, seven states seceded from the United States and formed the Confederate States of America, with Jefferson Davis as its president.
US History 18.1
The document summarizes key events around the expansion of slavery and passage of the Compromise of 1850. It discusses the debates over whether new territories gained from Mexico would allow slavery. The Compromise of 1850 admitted California as a free state while establishing popular sovereignty in Utah and New Mexico. It also included a stronger Fugitive Slave Act, which faced opposition from abolitionists and led to incidents like the failed rescue of Anthony Burns.
US History 18.2
The document summarizes events in Kansas Territory in the 1850s surrounding the issue of slavery. It discusses the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854, which allowed popular sovereignty to determine slavery in the territories and repealed the Missouri Compromise banning slavery north of 36°30'. This led northern abolitionists and southern pro-slavery groups to rush into Kansas to influence elections, resulting in violence known as "Bleeding Kansas" between the factions. Key events included the Sack of Lawrence and Pottawatomie Massacre by John Brown, and the beating of Senator Charles Sumner by Congressman Preston Brooks in response to a speech criticizing slavery.
US History 18.3
The document summarizes key political divisions and events in the 1850s leading up to the Civil War. It discusses the formation of the Republican Party in opposition to the expansion of slavery. It outlines the impact of the Kansas-Nebraska Act and the Dred Scott decision, which ruled that African Americans could not be citizens and Congress could not regulate slavery in federal territories. The debates between Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas on the issues of slavery and territorial expansion are also summarized.
TX History Ch 19.3
During the administration of Governor Edmund J. Davis, a Republican, Texas underwent Reconstruction from 1869-1873. Davis established a state police force to curb violence by the KKK against African Americans and created the state's first public school system. The Republican legislature also improved transportation infrastructure and raised taxes to fund these initiatives. However, opposition grew from Democrats and white Southerners, who derided the new laws and government. In 1873, Davis lost re-election to Richard Coke as Democrats regained control of the legislature, bringing Reconstruction in Texas to an end.
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- 1. U.S. History Chapter 5: Life in the English Colonies Section 5: American Culture
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