The document discusses life during the American Civil War. It describes Lincoln's issuing of the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863 that freed slaves in Confederate states and encouraged slaves to escape to Union lines. Over 180,000 African Americans served in the Union army, though they received less pay and served under white officers. Both the North and South struggled with problems during the war such as shortages, inflation, and medical issues.

1. U.S. History Chapter 19: The Civil War Section 4: Life During the War

2. Freeing the Slaves Lincoln supported freeing slaves if it would help the Northern war effort

3. Freeing the Slaves Problems: Northern prejudice Slaves considered property No constitutional power to end slavery

4. Freeing the Slaves Military order Emancipation Proclamation —declared slaves free in those areas controlled by the Confederacy

5. Freeing the Slaves July 22, 1862: Lincoln discusses emancipation with cabinet

6. Freeing the Slaves Advised to wait Announced after victory at Antietam Issued September 22, 1863

7. Freeing the Slaves 100 days to lay down arms Effective January 1, 1863 Encouraged slaves to escape to Union lines

9. African Americans & the War Union navy permitted African American to volunteer Calls to allow African Americans in Union Army Practical reason: need for soldiers

10. African Americans & the War July 1862: Congress allows African Americans to serve as laborers 1862: War Department allows contrabands to join Union Army Contrabands —escaped slaves

13. African Americans & the War 54th Massachusetts —infantry unit consisting mostly of African Americans who played a role in the capture of Ft. Wagner

15. African Americans & the War 180,000 served in Union army Less pay Served under white officers Danger from Confederates

16. Problems in the North Problems Emancipation Length of war Casualties

17. Problems in the North Copperheads —northern Democrats who opposed the war

18. Problems in the North Other problems: March 1863: enactment of draft Suspension of habeas corpus

19. Problems in the North Habeas corpus —constitutional protection against unlawful imprisonment

20. Southern Struggles Naval blockade cut off supplies Prices shot up Draft law (exclusions)

21. Life on the Home Front Young & old worked in factories & farms Southern women ran farms and plantations Women played role in providing medical care

22. Life on the Home Front Dorthea Dix Clara Barton

23. Life on the Home Front Uncomfortable, unhealthy camps Twice as many soldiers died from disease