This document discusses different types of sources that historians use to understand the past. It identifies primary and secondary sources, and describes three types of primary sources - artifacts, pictorial sources like paintings and photographs, and written sources like official records and manuscripts. Specific examples are provided, such as Roman coins, cave paintings, and a medieval manuscript written in Latin. Methods for dating sources, including carbon-dating, dendrochronology, and thermoluminescence are also outlined. The document notes the important role of archaeologists in excavating buried sites and provides an example of a famous British archaeologist, Sir Mortimer Wheeler, who worked in Pakistan.