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THETHE
SCIENTIFICSCIENTIFIC
REVOLUTIONREVOLUTION
EUROPE INEUROPE IN
THE 1500’sTHE 1500’s
ESSENTIAL QUESTIONESSENTIAL QUESTION
What were theWhat were the importantimportant
contributions of scientistscontributions of scientists
like Copernicus, Kepler,like Copernicus, Kepler,
Galileo, and Newton duringGalileo, and Newton during
thethe Scientific Revolution?Scientific Revolution?
The Scientific Revolution
was a time period
(starting in the mid-
1500s) in Europe where
new ways of thinking
about the natural world
came about
The ideas of the ancient
scientists (Greeks and
Romans) and of the Catholic
Church were challenged by
the new breed of scientists
in Europe
During this era of the Scientific Revolution, Europe
experienced a time when new ideas in physics,
astronomy, biology, and anatomy changed the
ways Europeans viewed the world
To prove these new
ideas, the scientists
began using the
“scientific method”,
which is a logical
procedure for
gathering information
and testing ideas
Before the 1500s,
science was a mix of
ancient ideas and
Church teachings; for
centuries, no one
challenged these old
scientific beliefs
But the new ways of
thinking in the 1500s
led to a more rational
approach to science:
observation,
experiments, and
scientific reasoning
Thinkers used
logic and the
scientific
method to find
answers to
questions
Everything was
questioned and
nothing was
assumed to be
true; it had to be
PROVEN true
A TIME OF GREAT CHANGE
It is because of the influences of the major
movements in Europe during the 1500s that the
Scientific Revolution came about
The Renaissance, the Protestant
Reformation, and the Age of
Exploration all made the
Scientific Revolution happen
REASONS FOR THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION
The Scientific Revolution
began in the mid-1500s
because of recent
discoveries in other areas
of European life
During the Renaissance,
people began to question
religious beliefs and
thought that humans could
accomplish anything
This belief in the
possibilities of human
achievement led to great
leaps in science
Questioning religious
beliefs led to people
also questioning the
Church’s long-held
scientific beliefs
The Protestant
Reformation also had
an effect on the
Scientific Revolution
Because of the
Reformation, people
questioned the
Catholic Church’s
religious beliefs
REASONS FOR THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION
REASONS FOR THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION
The 1500s were also
the time of Europe’s
Age of Exploration
The discovery of
lands previously
unknown to
Europeans led
people to search for
other “new” things,
such as new
scientific ideas
Particularly, explorers were interested in better
technology that would help them explore (such as
ship-building, navigational devices, and weapons)
What were some of the key
ideas of the Scientific
Revolution?
THE HELIOCENTRIC THEORY
Polish scientist Nicolaus Copernicus proposed that the
Earth and other planets revolve around the Sun, an
idea known as the “heliocentric theory”
Before, people believed in the
Greek theory that the Sun
revolved around the Earth
Copernicus’ idea radically changed
Europe’s concept of the universe and
was the foundation of modern
Johannes Kepler, a German astronomer
and mathematician, proved Copernicus’
theory to be true
Kepler also proposed that planets move
in elliptical orbits (not in perfect circles)
and do not always travel at the same
speed around the Sun
GALILEO GALILEI
GALILEO GALILEI
Galileo was one of the most influential scientists of all time
Some of Galileo’s
accomplishments: (1) he
improved the telescope
(2) He made observations
about the Moon and our
Solar system
(3) He created the Law of
Inertia and (4) he
perfected the scientific
method
Galileo’s work got him in
trouble with the Catholic
Church when he
challenged their long-held
scientific beliefs
The theory he challenged
was the incorrect geocentric
theory; with this, the Sun
and planets all revolve
around the Earth
The Church always taught that God considered humans his
greatest creation and made Earth the center of the Universe
Galileo’s teachings completely went against the Church’s
beliefs, so he was brought before the Inquisition
Under the threat of
torture, Galileo was
forced to recant
(deny) his ideas
about the Sun being
at the center
Galileo spent the rest
of his life under
house arrest, but his
ideas spread and
lived on, inspiring
future scientists
ISAAC NEWTON
Isaac Newton
was an English
scientist who
made many
breakthroughs in
the field of
physics
ISAAC NEWTON
Newton discovered and explained
the theory of gravity
He also studied the physics of motion, heat, and
light and created the mathematical field of
calculus to prove his theories
The mythical
story of Newton
being inspired
by an apple
hitting him on
the head
ANATOMY
WILLIAM HARVEY
William Harvey was an English doctor who
proved that blood circulates through the body
and is pumped by the heart
ANATOMY
ANDREAS VESALIUS
Andreas Vesalius studied human anatomy,
dissecting human corpses
His work added to European knowledge of the
human body for the first time in 150 years; this
marked the beginning of modern medical science
THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION
SPREADS
thermometer eyeglasses microscope
Because of these new ideas, new
inventions came about during the
Scientific Revolution
WHY DOES THE SCIENTIFIC
REVOLUTION MATTER TO
YOU?
The Scientific Revolution
shaped the world we live
in today; if not for the
first steps of those
scientists, the way we
live, think, travel,
communicate, and are
entertained might be
VERY different
Originally created by
Christopher Jaskowiak
Thanks to Brooks Baggett for
some of the slides

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Scientific revolutionpowerpoint

  • 2. ESSENTIAL QUESTIONESSENTIAL QUESTION What were theWhat were the importantimportant contributions of scientistscontributions of scientists like Copernicus, Kepler,like Copernicus, Kepler, Galileo, and Newton duringGalileo, and Newton during thethe Scientific Revolution?Scientific Revolution?
  • 3. The Scientific Revolution was a time period (starting in the mid- 1500s) in Europe where new ways of thinking about the natural world came about The ideas of the ancient scientists (Greeks and Romans) and of the Catholic Church were challenged by the new breed of scientists in Europe
  • 4. During this era of the Scientific Revolution, Europe experienced a time when new ideas in physics, astronomy, biology, and anatomy changed the ways Europeans viewed the world
  • 5. To prove these new ideas, the scientists began using the “scientific method”, which is a logical procedure for gathering information and testing ideas
  • 6. Before the 1500s, science was a mix of ancient ideas and Church teachings; for centuries, no one challenged these old scientific beliefs But the new ways of thinking in the 1500s led to a more rational approach to science: observation, experiments, and scientific reasoning
  • 7. Thinkers used logic and the scientific method to find answers to questions Everything was questioned and nothing was assumed to be true; it had to be PROVEN true
  • 8. A TIME OF GREAT CHANGE It is because of the influences of the major movements in Europe during the 1500s that the Scientific Revolution came about The Renaissance, the Protestant Reformation, and the Age of Exploration all made the Scientific Revolution happen
  • 9. REASONS FOR THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION The Scientific Revolution began in the mid-1500s because of recent discoveries in other areas of European life During the Renaissance, people began to question religious beliefs and thought that humans could accomplish anything This belief in the possibilities of human achievement led to great leaps in science
  • 10. Questioning religious beliefs led to people also questioning the Church’s long-held scientific beliefs The Protestant Reformation also had an effect on the Scientific Revolution Because of the Reformation, people questioned the Catholic Church’s religious beliefs REASONS FOR THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION
  • 11. REASONS FOR THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION The 1500s were also the time of Europe’s Age of Exploration The discovery of lands previously unknown to Europeans led people to search for other “new” things, such as new scientific ideas Particularly, explorers were interested in better technology that would help them explore (such as ship-building, navigational devices, and weapons)
  • 12. What were some of the key ideas of the Scientific Revolution?
  • 14. Polish scientist Nicolaus Copernicus proposed that the Earth and other planets revolve around the Sun, an idea known as the “heliocentric theory”
  • 15. Before, people believed in the Greek theory that the Sun revolved around the Earth Copernicus’ idea radically changed Europe’s concept of the universe and was the foundation of modern
  • 16. Johannes Kepler, a German astronomer and mathematician, proved Copernicus’ theory to be true
  • 17. Kepler also proposed that planets move in elliptical orbits (not in perfect circles) and do not always travel at the same speed around the Sun
  • 19. GALILEO GALILEI Galileo was one of the most influential scientists of all time Some of Galileo’s accomplishments: (1) he improved the telescope (2) He made observations about the Moon and our Solar system (3) He created the Law of Inertia and (4) he perfected the scientific method
  • 20. Galileo’s work got him in trouble with the Catholic Church when he challenged their long-held scientific beliefs The theory he challenged was the incorrect geocentric theory; with this, the Sun and planets all revolve around the Earth
  • 21. The Church always taught that God considered humans his greatest creation and made Earth the center of the Universe Galileo’s teachings completely went against the Church’s beliefs, so he was brought before the Inquisition
  • 22. Under the threat of torture, Galileo was forced to recant (deny) his ideas about the Sun being at the center Galileo spent the rest of his life under house arrest, but his ideas spread and lived on, inspiring future scientists
  • 23. ISAAC NEWTON Isaac Newton was an English scientist who made many breakthroughs in the field of physics
  • 24. ISAAC NEWTON Newton discovered and explained the theory of gravity
  • 25. He also studied the physics of motion, heat, and light and created the mathematical field of calculus to prove his theories The mythical story of Newton being inspired by an apple hitting him on the head
  • 27. WILLIAM HARVEY William Harvey was an English doctor who proved that blood circulates through the body and is pumped by the heart
  • 29. ANDREAS VESALIUS Andreas Vesalius studied human anatomy, dissecting human corpses His work added to European knowledge of the human body for the first time in 150 years; this marked the beginning of modern medical science
  • 30. THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION SPREADS thermometer eyeglasses microscope Because of these new ideas, new inventions came about during the Scientific Revolution
  • 31. WHY DOES THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION MATTER TO YOU? The Scientific Revolution shaped the world we live in today; if not for the first steps of those scientists, the way we live, think, travel, communicate, and are entertained might be VERY different
  • 32. Originally created by Christopher Jaskowiak Thanks to Brooks Baggett for some of the slides