The document discusses the history of ranching in South Texas and the Panhandle region. It describes important ranches like the King Ranch, located in Kennedy County, which at its largest encompassed over 1 million acres. It also discusses pioneers of ranching in the Panhandle such as John Adair and Charles Goodnight who established the huge JA Ranch. The document also notes the role of African American trail drivers like Bose Ikard and how the cowboy lifestyle was popularized through dime novels.

1. Chapter 21: The Cattle Kingdom Section 3: Ranches, Rangers, & Cowboys

2. Ranching in South Texas Cattle Kingdom —ranches on the open range from Texas to Canada BEVO—it’s what’s for dinner!

3. Ranching in South Texas King Ranch —very important South Texas ranch King Ranch is located in Kennedy County

4. Ranching in South Texas More than one million acres at one time Presently 825,000 acres Larger than state of Rhode Island

5. Ranching in South Texas The owners of King Ranch donated land for the towns of Kingsville & Raymondville

6. Ranches in the Panhandle Removal of Indians opened up Panhandle to ranching Grass & flat open land good for cattle ranching Ogallala Aquifer provided water

7. Ranches in the Panhandle Farming in the Panhandle expanded after the appearance of windmills. Windmill

8. Ranches in the Panhandle John Adair & Charles Goodnight established the JA Ranch in Palo Duro Canyon Charles Goodnight

9. Ranches in the Panhandle XIT Ranch —Panhandle ranch bought for the cost of a new state capitol in Austin

10. Ranches in the Panhandle Covered 3 million acres Almost the size of Connecticut 150,000 cattle

11. Ranchers & Cowboys Bose Ikard —African American trail driver & rancher Bose Ikard

15. Cowboy Culture Cowboy Culture popularized in America by inexpensive novels that glorified cowboy life.

16. Cowboy Culture Myth: cowboys lived fearless, happy, & worry free lives roaming through rugged but gorgeous landscapes Fact: faced many dangers, worked long hours, and received little pay