1) The document discusses electricity, including static electricity and current electricity. Static electricity is caused by friction which leads to an imbalance of electric charges on two objects. Current electricity refers to the flow of electrons through a closed circuit. 2) A circuit must be present for current electricity to flow, and consists of a generator that supplies energy, conductors like copper wires that allow electricity to flow, electrical components that transform the energy, and switches to open and close the circuit. 3) Static electricity occurs naturally in lightning and when objects are rubbed together, leading the objects to become positively or negatively charged depending on whether they gain or lose electrons.

1. UNIT 5:
ELECTRICITY, MAGNETISM
AND ENERGY
NATURAL SCIENCE

2. ELECTRICITY
Is the flow of electric
charge
Static electricity Current electricity

3. Static Electricity

4. Electrical charges can
be positive (+) or
negative (-).
Static Electricity
Almost every matter is neutral (have the same number of
electrons (negative charge) that protons (positive charge)
Smallest unit
of matter
But, What happen if an object
has more protons than
neutrons?

5. Alike Charges
Two things with the SAME
charge REPEL each other.
+ +

6. Different Charges
Two things with DIFFERENT
charges ATTRACT each
other.
+ -

7. Static Electricity
The object that contains more
positive charges, has a POSITIVE
CHARGE
The object that contains more
negative charges, has a NEGATIVE
CHARGE
Is the movement of electrons form one material to another.

8. The object that GAINS the
ELECTRONS becomes
NEGATIVELY CHARGED.
The object that LOSES the
ELECTRONS becomes
POSITIVELY CHARGED.
After Rubbing...

9. Static Electricity
_______ electricity is caused by
_________ and the movement
of NEGATIVE charges called
__________.
STATIC
FRICTION
ELECTRONS
STATICELECTRONS
FRICTION
(Rub)

12. Lightning
It is also caused by static
electricity.
As rain clouds move
through the sky, they rub
against the air around
them. This makes them
build up a huge electric
charge. Eventually, when
the charge is big enough,
it sends to Earth as a bolt
of lightning.

13. Static electricity IV
• Objects with opposite electrical charges
attract each other.
• Objects with the same electrical charges repel
each other.

15. When electrons move, they carry electrical energy from one place to
another. This is called current electricity or an electric current.
Electricity is stored in a battery. You can use the energy in the battery to power a
flashlight.
• For an electric current to happen, there must be a circuit.
• A circuit is a closed path or loop around which an electric current flows.
• A circuit is usually made by linking electrical components together with
pieces of wire cable.
Generators: Supply the energy.
Conductors: Metal wires (copper wires
covered in an insulating material) that let the
electricity flow through the circuit.
Electrical components: Transform electricity
into other form of energy (a light bulb,
transforms electricity into light energy).
Switches: Open and close the circuit.
CURRENT ELECTRICITY

16. Insulators: A material that prevent or
reduce the flow or passage of heat or
electricity (such as glass, rubber, plastic,
wood, porcenlain).
Conductors: A material or substance
that allows electricity or heat to go
through it (such as metals (iron,
copper, steel), water...