1. Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space, and can exist as a solid, liquid, or gas. It can change forms through physical or chemical changes.
2. Physical changes alter the shape or state of matter but do not change its chemical composition. They include changes of state between solids, liquids and gases caused by temperature changes.
3. Chemical changes alter the chemical composition of matter and create new substances. They include combustion, oxidation, and fermentation and are not reversible.
CHEMISTRY : ACIDS,BASES AND SALTS:
1.definition and characteristics of salts,
2. preparation of salts and,
3. types of salts,
4.uses and
5.hydrolysis of salt in water
THIS PRESENTATION IS FOR THE STUDENTS STUDYING IN SENIOR CLASSES .IT WILL HELP THE CHILD TO RECALL THE CONTENT IN SHORT TIME IT WILL HELP TO BUILD THE STRONG AND CLEAR CONCEPT KNOWLEDGE.
CHEMISTRY : ACIDS,BASES AND SALTS:
1.definition and characteristics of salts,
2. preparation of salts and,
3. types of salts,
4.uses and
5.hydrolysis of salt in water
THIS PRESENTATION IS FOR THE STUDENTS STUDYING IN SENIOR CLASSES .IT WILL HELP THE CHILD TO RECALL THE CONTENT IN SHORT TIME IT WILL HELP TO BUILD THE STRONG AND CLEAR CONCEPT KNOWLEDGE.
THIS PPT WILL EXPLAIN YOU ALL ABOUT ACID AND BASE AND THEORIES OF ACID AND BASE . THIS IS VERY HELPFUL FOR THE STUDENTS FROM DIPLOMA AND BACHELOR PHARMACY STUDENTS.
this presentation includes all the important oxidation and reduction definitions. all oxidizing and reducing agents. oxidation reactions of organic chemistry. reactions involving hydrogen from substrates. oxidation of alcohols, swern oxidation. reactions involving addition of oxygen to the substrates; oxidation of aldehydes and ketones, baeyer villiger reaction, oxidation of alkenes with peroxyacids, hydroxylation of alkenes, oxidative cleavage of diols, ozonolysis, etard reaction, sharpless epoxidation.
Presentation is for the first chapter of class 11th Chemistry CBSE board. Presentation is having detailed description for some of the basic concepts like mole concept, matter in our surrounding etc.
The state where the concentrations of all reactants and products remain constant with time.
On the molecular level, there is frantic activity. Equilibrium is not static, but is a highly dynamic situation.
law of mass action-
jA + kB lC + mD
where A, B, C, and D represents chemical species and j, k, l, and m are their coefficient in the balanced equation.
The law of mass action is represented by the equilibrium expression:
The square brackets indicate the concentrations of the chemical species at equilibrium, and K is a constant called the equilibrium constant.
In chemistry, pH (potential of hydrogen) is a numeric scale used to specify the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution. It is approximately the negative of the base 10 logarithm of the molar concentration, measured in units of moles per liter, of hydrogen ions.
THIS PPT WILL EXPLAIN YOU ALL ABOUT ACID AND BASE AND THEORIES OF ACID AND BASE . THIS IS VERY HELPFUL FOR THE STUDENTS FROM DIPLOMA AND BACHELOR PHARMACY STUDENTS.
this presentation includes all the important oxidation and reduction definitions. all oxidizing and reducing agents. oxidation reactions of organic chemistry. reactions involving hydrogen from substrates. oxidation of alcohols, swern oxidation. reactions involving addition of oxygen to the substrates; oxidation of aldehydes and ketones, baeyer villiger reaction, oxidation of alkenes with peroxyacids, hydroxylation of alkenes, oxidative cleavage of diols, ozonolysis, etard reaction, sharpless epoxidation.
Presentation is for the first chapter of class 11th Chemistry CBSE board. Presentation is having detailed description for some of the basic concepts like mole concept, matter in our surrounding etc.
The state where the concentrations of all reactants and products remain constant with time.
On the molecular level, there is frantic activity. Equilibrium is not static, but is a highly dynamic situation.
law of mass action-
jA + kB lC + mD
where A, B, C, and D represents chemical species and j, k, l, and m are their coefficient in the balanced equation.
The law of mass action is represented by the equilibrium expression:
The square brackets indicate the concentrations of the chemical species at equilibrium, and K is a constant called the equilibrium constant.
In chemistry, pH (potential of hydrogen) is a numeric scale used to specify the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution. It is approximately the negative of the base 10 logarithm of the molar concentration, measured in units of moles per liter, of hydrogen ions.
Describes how the four separation techniques work through pictures and detailed explanation, so as to give a better idea of how different separation techniques work and develop interest.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
2. Matter is…
...something that has mass (weight) and takes up
space (volume), and exists as a solid, liquid, or
gas.
…everything around us.
3. Is the ice, liquid water and water
steam the same matter?
Matter can’t no be created or destroyed, it
just changes
4. STATES OF MATTER
In nature, we can find MATTER in three states.
Solids have a constant
shape and volume. This
means that a solid will not
change its shape unless you
break it.
Liquids have a constant volume,
but a variable shape. This means
that a liquid will occupy the
same space, but it will change
shape, depending on the
container.
Gasses have a variable shape and
volume. This means that a gas will
change to the shape of the
container and it will change
volume too, because it can expand
or compress, depending on the
space.
5. CHANGES OF MATTER
The shape, the state or the size of the
matter may change but no new
substances are produced/created. They
are reversible
(we can undo the process)
CHEMICAL
CHANGES
PHYSICAL
CHANGES
The shape and the property of the
original substance change, and a
new substance is created.
They are irreversible
(we can’t undo the process)
Changes of state are
physical changes https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rlsm7aXcYwc
6.
7. HAIL
PHYSICAL CHANGES: CHANGES OF STATE
What causes these
changes?
Are they
reversible or
irreversible?
0º C
100º C
Energy (temperature) is
always involved in
changes of state.
They occur when
matter absorbs
(HEAT) or loses
(COOL) energy.
9. • It is the process in which a liquid changes to a solid.
• Freezing point is the temperature at which a liquid changes to a solid. The
freezing point of water is 0°C.
• Other types of matter may have higher or lower freezing points.
CHANGES OF STATE
Processes in which matter changes between liquid and solid states are
FREEZING AND MELTING.
FREEZING (congelación)
• It is the process in which a solid changes to a liquid.
• The melting point is the temperature at which a solid changes to a
liquid. The melting point is the same as the freezing point.
MELTING (fusión)
10. MELTING POINT
(punto de fusión)
Is the temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid
In water is 0ºC
FREEZING POINT
Is the temperature at which a LIQUID changes to a SOLID
In water is 0ºC
MELTING
FREEZING
11. • It is the process in which a liquid boils and changes to a gas.
• The temperature at which a liquid boils is its boiling point.
• The boiling point of water is 100°C.
CHANGES OF STATE
Processes in which matter changes between liquid and gaseous states are
EVAPORATION AND CONDENSATION
EVAPORIZATION
CONDENSATION
• It is the process in which a gas changes to a liquid.
• A gas condenses when it is cooled below its boiling point.
• At what temperature does water vapor condense?
12. BOLING POINT
(PUNTO DE EBULLICIÓN)
Is the temperature at which a LIQUID changes to a GAS
In water is 100ºC
BOILING POINT
Is the temperature at which a GAS changes to a LIQUID
In water is 100ºC
EVAPORATIO
N
CONDENSATION
13. It is the opposite of sublimation. This is the process in which
a gas changes directly to a solid without going through the
liquid state.
CHANGES OF STATE
Processes in which matter changes between solid and gaseous states are
SUBLIMATION AND DEPOSITION
SUBLIMATION
It is the process in which a solid changes directly to a gas.
DEPOSITION
18. Types of matter
•It is a substance made up of one element
such as gold, salt, coal, silver, nitrogen,
oxygen...
MIXTURE
PURE SUBSTANCE
We can classify matter depending on its component. So it can be…
•It is a substance made by mixing other substances
together.
•It is a combination of different things in which the
components are individually distinct.
“Lemonade is a mixture of lemon juice, sugar, and
water”. “The air, water or paella are mixtures”.
19. MIXTURES
HOMOGENEOUS
MIXTURE
HETEROGENEOUS
MIXTURE
We can’t see the individual
substances, but we can still
separate them
We can see the individual
substances that make it up, so we
can separate them easily
SALT WATER SALT EVAPORATION
FRUIT SALAD 4 SEASONS
PIZZA
21. MAGNETIC SEPARATION
We can use magnetic
separation if we want to
separate heterogenous
mixtures that consist of
substances attracted by
magnets (iron) and
substances that not (sand,
wood…).
Scrap metal and iron INDUSTRY
22. DECANTATION
It is used to separate heterogenous mixtures made up of two liquids
with different density that cannot mix together like water and oil or
one liquid and a solid.
OIL
WATE
R
The liquid with a higher density
will stay at the bottom (water)
of the container and the less
dense will float (oil).
If we open the tap the liquid with more
density will leave the container. When
everything has left it, we close the tap and
both liquids are already separated.
We can also separate a solid
and a liquid.
Solid substances will sink to the
bottom of the container. When
we decant (separate) a liquid,
we pour off the liquid so the
solid remains in that container.
23. FILTRATION
It is used to separate heterogenous mixtures made up of one liquid and a solid that
is not dissolve in that liquid such as water and sand (or water and coffee).
A filter is used to catch the particles but allow the
liquid to pass. Coffee grounds can be separated from
liquid in this way.
Filters in face mask are used to prevent germs
spreading thorugh the air as we breathe.
24. EVAPORATION
It is used when a homogenous mixture is
made up of a liquid and a solid such as
the salt water.
If you heat the mixture, the liquid will
turn into vapour/steam (evaporates) and
the solid will remain (stay behind).
EVAPORATION is used to remove water
in salt evaporation ponds. The sun heats
the mixture, the water evaporates and
the salt is left behind.
25. DESTILLATION
It is used to separate homogenous mixtures made up of 2 liquids with different
boiling points (temperature). For example: water and ethanol.
BOTH liquids are heated and because of the ethanol has a lower boiling point than water
The ethanol evaporated first and form vapour. This vapour is then collected and
cooled, resulting in pure ethanol.
26. CHANGES OF MATTER
PHYSICAL CHANGES CHEMICAL CHANGES
The material takes a different shape but
it still has the same properties
The material is tranformed into different
substances (its properties change).
Reversible (can be undone)
Irreversible (can not be undone)
COMBUSTION
(burn)
FERMENTATION
OXIDATION
(in contact with
the air (oxide))
Wood into ashes and
smoke
Milk into cheese or yoghurt
27. CHEMICAL CHANGES
The properties of the original substance are changed
A new substance is created
SO
DURING...
COMBUSTION OXIDATION FERMENTATION
Produces energy in form of
heat and light. It happens
when oxygen from the
atmosphere reacts with a fuel
(substance that can be burnt easily)
(wood, oil petrol...)
The result are other substances
such as ashes or smokes and
ENERGY
Some metals react when they
are exposed to air (oxygen in
the air). The result is a brown
new substance called rust.
It also occurs in some foods.
Apples oxidise when they are
peeled or cut.
Fugi (produce alcohol) or
bacteria (produce lactic acid)
change organic substances into
other substances.
It is used to make foods such as
cheese, bread or drinks such as
wine also to decompose food.
This happens naturally.
29. BASIC QUESTIONS!
ch has more density, salt water or fresh water?
hat are the three states of matter?
• What is magnetism?
What are two properties of liquids?
What are two properties of solids?
What are two properties of gases?
• Are drawing pins magnetic?
32. IT is used to separate heterogenous mixtures
IT is used to separate heterogenous mixtures
IT is used to separate heterogenous mixtures
IT is used to separate homogenous mixtures
IT is used to separate homogenous mixtures
MAGNETIC SEPARATIONDECANTATION
EVAPORATION
FILTRATION
DESTILACION It separates a solid from another solid
It separates a solid dissolved in a liquid
It separates two liquids dissolved in a mixture
It separates two liquids with different
densities or one solid undissolved in a
liquid
It separates a solid undissolved in a liquid
MAGNET
FILTER
DECANTER
ENERGY
(HEAT)
ENERGY (HEAT) AND (COLD)
