The document discusses different spheres of the Earth and relationships between organisms. It defines the biosphere as composed of all living organisms and ecosystems. It then explains relationships between organisms of the same species like cooperation, competition and hierarchies. Relationships between different species include predation where one benefits and the other does not, parasitism where one benefits and the other is harmed, and mutualism where both benefit. Food chains and webs are also summarized as the movement of energy through ecosystems.

1. UNIT 6 BIOSPHERE

2. ATMOSPHERE
BIOSPHERE
GEOSPHERE
HYDROSPHERE

3. It is the layer of gases which surrounds the EARTH (nitrogen, oxygen, CO2)
It is all the water that exists on Earth.
It is the solid part of the Earth (core, mantle and crust)
It is composed of all living organisms (plants, animals, fungi). It includes all the ecosystems.

4. PREDATORPREY

5. RELATIONSHIPS
ANIMALS ARE INTERCONNECTED
Relationships
between
organisms of the
same species
Relationships
between
organisms of
different species

6. Relationships between organisms of
the same species
COOPERATION COMPETITION
FAMILY GROUP
HIERARCHICAL
COMMUNITY
GREGARIOUS SPECIES
Take care of their offsprings
SCHOOL (fish), FLOCK
(birds), HERD (pigs)
For a female, leadership, food…
Every member has a specific role

7. Relationships between organisms of
different species
PREDATION COMMENSALISM
1 ORGANISM BENEFITS
AND THE OTHER
DOESN’T GET OR LOSE
ANYTHING
PARASITISM
1 WINS (PARASITE-mosquito)
AND THE OTHER LOSES
(HOST-human)
MUTUALISM
BOTH ORGANISMS
BENEFIT (clown fish
and anemone)

8. FOOD CHAIN
It is the movement of the energy through an ecosystem

9. FOOD CHAIN

10. Food web