A presentation that explains the various systems and techniques of employing steel and concrete to support long span structures. The range varies from conventional beams, to trusses and portal frames.
A presentation that explains the various systems and techniques of employing steel and concrete to support long span structures. The range varies from conventional beams, to trusses and portal frames.
Study of Folded Plates for understanding their use, types, technology along with suitable case studies. This is a specific type of Methodology adopted for construction over long spans column free spaces. How structurally Folded plates surpases the need of column grids and conventional methods of construction with the proper design and technology is the motive of this study.
As for high rise buildings, these are generally above six floors or stories in height. Also, most high rise buildings are 100 meters in height. (These should not be confused with “skyscrapers,” which are generally much taller, as little or as much, as 200 meters in height.
A high-rise building is a tall building, as opposed to a low-rise building and is defined differently in terms of height depending on the jurisdiction. It is used as a residential, office building, or other functions including hotel, retail, or with multiple purposes combined.
A short and elaborate Case Study on High Rise Buildings for the course of Advanced Building Construction from students of 8th Semester Architecture at VNIT, Nagpur (January- April 2017)
Study of Folded Plates for understanding their use, types, technology along with suitable case studies. This is a specific type of Methodology adopted for construction over long spans column free spaces. How structurally Folded plates surpases the need of column grids and conventional methods of construction with the proper design and technology is the motive of this study.
As for high rise buildings, these are generally above six floors or stories in height. Also, most high rise buildings are 100 meters in height. (These should not be confused with “skyscrapers,” which are generally much taller, as little or as much, as 200 meters in height.
A high-rise building is a tall building, as opposed to a low-rise building and is defined differently in terms of height depending on the jurisdiction. It is used as a residential, office building, or other functions including hotel, retail, or with multiple purposes combined.
A short and elaborate Case Study on High Rise Buildings for the course of Advanced Building Construction from students of 8th Semester Architecture at VNIT, Nagpur (January- April 2017)
General principles – Direct gain systems - Glazed walls, Bay windows,
Attached sun spaces etc. Indirect gain systems – Trombe wall, Water wall, Solar Chimney, Transwall, Roof
pond, etc - Isolated gain systems – Natural convective loop etc. Active Heating Systems : Solar water
heating systems
Portal Frame Construction & Pre Engineered Building SystemIan Toisa
A steel structure built over a structural concept of primary members, secondary members and the cover sheeting connected to each other. The structural member are custom designed to be lighter in weight as well as high in strength.
Growing of Precast construction system has given emphasis on improving work zone safety, reducing construction time and environmental impact, while maintaining the quality. The connections are the most important part of precast construction systems, being the general behavior of the precast structures related to their design, construction and performance. In this civil engineering project a trial to compare the strength of three types of portal frames viz. Monolithic Portal Frame, Portal Frame with corbel and Portal Frame without corbel and their deflections at various loads were observed and derived conclusion which one is efficient among all frames designed and cast.
A hollow core slab refers to a precast slab that is prepared using prestressed concrete. It is generally used in the construction of floors for high-rise apartments or multistorey buildings.
Portal frame construction by Rhythm MurgaiRhythm Murgai
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Definition Where this system can be used
Features of the Grid Slab
Decorative grid slabs in historical structures
Types of Grid Slab
Comparison: Long Span Structures
Construction
Technique
Formwork Required
Reinforcements Details
Modification in Grid Slab for Utility
Services Provided in Grid Slab
Benefits
Iconic Landmarks using Grid Slabs
Land Use and Legibility- Urban Design TerminologyGrace Henry
Land Use and Legibility- two basic and yet important terms used in Urban design. The definition, history and examples are listed through the presentation.
Intelligent Building- Burj Khalifa and Advantech Linkou Campus Phase 1Grace Henry
What makes a building intelligent?
Let's go through these two examples to know those features better.
One is the world's most tallest building and the other conceived of latest automations.
White- a color which has stroked a greater impact over various branches of today's society. It has a greater history behind and meaning to its existence.
All you need to know about timber in just a single ppt with interesting slides. Hope it hlps! This ppt was created as the result of a teamwork with my classmates
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
2. INTRODUCTION
• Developed during second world
war, but now the most
common form of enclosure for
spans of 20 to 60 m.
• Driven by the need to achieve
low-cost building envelope.
• They are usually made from steel,
but can also be made from
concrete or timber.
3.
4. Portal frames can be defined as two-
dimensional rigid frames that have the
basic characteristics of A rigid joint
between column and beam.
The main objective of this form of design is
to reduce bending moment in the beam,
which allows the frame to act as one
structural unit.
5. Portal Frames are
generally used for single
storey construction which
require a large unobstructed
floor space i.e.,
A.Factories
B.Shopping Centres
C.Warehouses
They are very efficient for
enclosing large volumes,
therefore they are often used
for industrial,
storage, retail and
commercial applications as
well as for agricultural
purposes.
6. TYPES OF PORTAL FRAME
Pitched roof symmetric portal frame
Generally fabricated from UKB sections with a
substantial eaves haunch section, which may be cut
from a rolled section or fabricated from plate. 25 to
35 m are the most efficient spans
Portal frame with internal mezzanine
Floor Office accommodation is often provided
within a portal frame structure using a partial
width mezzanine floor.
Crane portal frame with column brackets
Where a travelling crane of relatively low capacity (up
to say 20 tonnes) is required, brackets can be fixed to
the columns to support the crane rails
9. Portal Frame With Internal Mezzanine Floor
Waters Meeting Health Centre, Bolton
10.
11. Tied portal frame
In a tied portal frame the horizontal movement of
the eaves and the bending moments in the
columns and rafters are reduced.
Mono-pitch portal frame
It is a simple variation of the pitched roof
portal frame, and tends to be used for
smaller buildings (up to 15 m span).
Propped portal frame
Where the span of a portal frame is large and
there is no requirement to provide a clear span,
a propped portal frame can be used to reduce
the rafter size and also the horizontal shear at
the foundations.
14. Mansard portal frame
A mansard portal frame may be used
where a large clear height at mid-span
is required but the eaves height of the
building has to be minimised.
Curved rafter portal frame
Portal frames may be constructed
using curved rafters, mainly for
architectural reasons.
Cellular beam portal frame
Rafters may be fabricated from cellular
beams for aesthetic reasons or when
providing long spans.
17. BASIC COMPOSITION
• The portal structure is designed in such a way that it has no
intermediate columns.
• A portal frame building comprises a series of transverse
frames braced longitudinally.
• The primary steelwork consists of columns and pitched rafters.
• The light gauge secondary steelwork consists of side rails for walls
and purlins for the roof.
• The roof and wall cladding separate the enclosed space from the
external environment as well as providing thermal and acoustic
insulation.
18.
19.
20. FIRST PORTAL FRAME IN
HISTORY
At the EXPOSITION
UNIVERSELLE in Paris 1878,
the engineer HENRI DE DION
progressed the science of
vaulting with the first portal frame
of lattice girders where the forces
were transmitted directly to the
foundations without tie bars. This
Galarie des Machines had a
span of 35m and its pitched roof
shape was a forerunner of many
sheds to follow.
21. ROOFING
• A high percentage of roofs are
covered with composite profile metal
sheets with a coloured external skin.
• These composite sheets have
approximately 50mm of insulation
sandwiched between two thin metal
sheets or aluminium sheets.
• Galvanised steel purlins span between
the steel rafters.
22. INTERNAL VIEW OF A PORTAL
FRAMED WAREHOUSE
• Clear unobstructed floor area is
available.
• With single storey buildings
natural lighting is gained by
placing clear sheets in roof
layout. These sheets will run
from eaves to ridge at suitable
intervals.
23. BASE JOINT FOR PORTAL
FRAME
• The legs or stanchions of the portal
frame need connecting at the bottom
to a foundation.
• Here we can see the base joint
connection in place.
24. RIDGE JOINT FOR
PORTAL FRAME
Shown here is a ridge
joint or apex joint.
It is Important that this
joint is strong hence
the use of wedge
shaped pieces called
gusset pieces to
strengthen and
increase the bolt area.
25. KNEE JOINT FOR
PORTAL FRAME
Again the knee joint must be strong to support the roof
loads and prevent bending.
Gusset pieces will be used to increase strength, give
greater bolt area and prevent deflection under load.
26. D I A G O N A L
B R A C I N G F O R
P O R TA L F R A M E
With all types
of frameworks we
must think on
stability i.e.
movement. To help
strengthen the
framework and
prevent movement
diagonal bracing will
be used.
27. CLADDING RAILS FOR
PORTAL FRAME
• This slide shows the
cladding rails for attaching
the external metal cladding
panels to.
• These rails can be fixed
horizontal or vertical
depending on the way the
cladding panels are fixed.
28. TIE CABLES FOR
PORTAL FRAME
• These wire and tubular ties
are used to prevent
sagging of the cladding
rails which can add
considerable force unto the
joints of the external
cladding.
29. EXTERNAL WALL
DETAIL
• Here we see the finish of
the external cladding
panels with the lower level
facing brickwork.
• The blockwork behind
creates a protective wall or
firewall.
30. ADVANTAGES
Speed and ease of erection
Building can be quickly closed in and made water tight.
Framework prefabricated in a workshop and not affected by
weather.
Site works such as drainage, roads etc can be carried out until
framework is ready for erection.
No weather hold up during erecting the framework.
Connected together in factories by welding and site connections
should be bolted.
• Cost effectiveness
• Sustainability
• Saves time
• Capable taking loads
immediately
31. DISADVANTAGES
Although steel is incombustible it has a poor
resistance to fire as it bends easily when hot.
Subject to corrosion