The document provides an overview of several instructional design models: 1. The ADDIE model, which is a systematic 5-phase process of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. Each phase is described. 2. The Dick and Carey model, which involves learners and subject matter experts interacting continuously to review and revise prototypes. 3. Rapid prototyping, which involves quickly generating mock-ups or physical samples of products to get feedback early in the design process. 4. Merrill's First Principles of Instruction, which proposes learning is most effective when problem-based and involving four phases: activating prior knowledge, demonstrating skills, applying skills, and integrating skills into real-world activities.

1. Overview of Instructional Design
Models
Course Title: Designing and Delivering Successful Training Programs
Module 2:
Adult Learners and ID Models

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What is
Instructional Design?
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3. • In 1962,
Robert Glaser
synthesized the work of
previous researchers
and introduced the
concept of “instructional
design”.
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What is Instructional Design?
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4. • The systematic development of instructional
specifications using learning and instructional
theory to ensure the quality of instruction.
• The entire process of analysis of learning needs
and goals and the development of a delivery
system to meet those needs.
• Includes development of instructional materials
and activities, and tryout and evaluation of all
instruction and learner activities.
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Instructional Design as a Process
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5. • Branch of knowledge concerned with research
and theory about instructional strategies and
the process of developing and implementing
those strategies.
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Instructional Design as a Discipline
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6. • Instructional Design models or theories may
be defined as frameworks for developing
modules or lessons that:
1. Increase and/or enhance the possibility of
learning.
2. Encourage the engagement of learners so that
they learn faster and gain deeper levels of
understanding.
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Instructional Design Models
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I. ADDIE Model
• The generic process traditionally used by instructional designers
and training developers to design effective instruction.
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I. ADDIE Model
Phase 1: Analysis
• Analyze the learning environment and learners’
existing knowledge and skills
• Identify and define the learning problem/gap
• Identify desirable outcomes
• Identify any learning constraints
• Set the timeline for the project
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I. ADDIE Model
Phase 2: Design
• Establish the learning objectives
• Create content outlines and storyboards
• Determine content and assessment instruments
• Apply instructional strategies
• Select technology/media to be used
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I. ADDIE Model
Phase 3: Development
• The actual creation (production) of the content and
learning materials based on the Design phase.
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I. ADDIE Model
Phase 4: Implementation
• Implement course curriculum
• Assess learning outcomes
• Choose various methods of delivery and
testing/assessment procedures
• Evaluate the effectiveness of the training
materials
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I. ADDIE Model
Phase 5: Evaluation
• Formative and Summative Evaluation
• Formative Evaluation is present in each stage of the
ADDIE process
• Summative Evaluation consists of tests designed for
domain specific criterion-related referenced items and
providing opportunities for feedback from the users
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I. ADDIE Model
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14. Stage 1: Identify Instructional Goals
Stage 2: Conduct Instructional Analysis
Stage 3: Identify Entry Behaviors and Learner Characteristics
Stage 4: Write Performance Objectives
Stage 5: Develop Criterion-Referenced Test Items
Stage 6: Develop Instructional Strategy
Stage 7: Develop and Select Instructional Materials
Stage 8: Develop and Conduct Formative Evaluation
Stage 9: Develop and Conduct Summative Evaluation
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II. Dick and Carey Model
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II. Dick and Carey Model
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16. • Involves learners and/or subject matter experts (SMEs)
interacting with prototypes and instructional designers in
a continuous review/revision cycle.
• Developing a prototype is practically the first step, while
front-end analysis is generally reduced or converted into
an on-going, interactive process between subject-matter,
objectives, and materials.
• The process of quickly generating mock-ups of products,
such as a website.
• The process of quickly turning product designs into
physical samples.
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III. Rapid Prototyping (Tripp & Bichelmeyer)
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17. • Most effective learning environments are those
that are problem-based and involve the learner
in four distinct phases of the learning process:
1. Activation of prior experience
2. Demonstration of skills
3. Application of skills
4. Integration of these skills into real-world
activities
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IV. First Principles of Instruction (David Merrill)
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IV. First Principles of Instruction (David Merrill)
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Do you know of other
ID Models or Theories?
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