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HOW DID YOUR BODY GET HERE?
 Other cells
 Cell Theory
 ONE cell!
 Zygote
Where do all cells come
from? YOU started out as what?
 Cells reproduce
therefore creating new
cells
How do multicellular living
things grow?
 Same size
But…
 Different number
How do the cells of a human baby and
human adult compare?
 Cell reproduction
means cells divide.
 …why don’t you
become gigantic?
How are new cells made
from old cells?
Let’s say your body produces up
to 96 million cells per minute…
Q: WHAT IS CELL REPRODUCTION?
 A: In biology, reproduction is the production of a new
generation of individuals
 Cells =
 Individuals (unicellular organisms)
 Fundamental structural & functional units of MULTICELLULAR
organisms
 Cell division
 Mitosis (Eukaryotes)
 Binary fission (Prokaryotes)
 This is an ASEXUAL process.
 Many types of asexual reproduction in nature.
Q: ARE ALL THE CELLS IN YOUR BODY THE
SAME?
 A: Many types of cells make up the body of a multicellular
organism.
 Almost all of the cells in a multicellular organism are SOMATIC
CELLS.
 “soma” = body
 Somatic cells are normal BODY cells, not reproductive cells (egg cells
or sperm cells)
 Somatic cells can be very different from each other.
 ~200 different types
 Ex: muscle cells (myocytes), skin cells (epithelial cells), nerve cells
(neurons)
Q: DOES YOUR BODY CONTAIN THE SAME
EXACT CELLS YOUR ENTIRE LIFE?
 A: All living things, including somatic cells, have a
lifespan.
 WBCs ~ 13 days
 RBCs ~ 120 days
 Skin cells (top layer) ~ 30 days
 Liver cells ~ 180 days
 Old cells and dead cells must constantly be
replaced.
Q: WHAT HAPPENS TO DEAD CELLS?
 A:
 Some are shed
 Skin, digestive lining
 Some are digested by enzymes produced by
lysosomes.
 Recycled materials
Q: HOW SMALL ARE CELLS?
 A: Cell size in the living world varies
 (2-200 µm)
 Prokaryotes: 0.1 to 5 µm
 Eukaryotes: 10 to 100 µm
 Human body:
 RBCs =
 Skin cells =
 Egg Cell =
 Sperm Cell =
Q: HOW MANY CELLS DOES THE AVERAGE
HUMAN BODY (ADULT) HAVE?
 A: Estimates have been given:
 10 to 100 trillion cells
 A study published in 2013 concluded the total number
for the standard human adult organism to be 37.2 trillion
cells.
Q: WHY DO MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS EXIST? WHY
AREN’T HUMANS JUST ONE GIANT CELL?
 A: Propose some possible answers!
 Now… Let’s do some math! Yeah!

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Intro to cell reprod how did your body get here

  • 1. HOW DID YOUR BODY GET HERE?
  • 2.  Other cells  Cell Theory  ONE cell!  Zygote Where do all cells come from? YOU started out as what?
  • 3.  Cells reproduce therefore creating new cells How do multicellular living things grow?  Same size But…  Different number How do the cells of a human baby and human adult compare?
  • 4.  Cell reproduction means cells divide.  …why don’t you become gigantic? How are new cells made from old cells? Let’s say your body produces up to 96 million cells per minute…
  • 5. Q: WHAT IS CELL REPRODUCTION?  A: In biology, reproduction is the production of a new generation of individuals  Cells =  Individuals (unicellular organisms)  Fundamental structural & functional units of MULTICELLULAR organisms  Cell division  Mitosis (Eukaryotes)  Binary fission (Prokaryotes)  This is an ASEXUAL process.  Many types of asexual reproduction in nature.
  • 6. Q: ARE ALL THE CELLS IN YOUR BODY THE SAME?  A: Many types of cells make up the body of a multicellular organism.  Almost all of the cells in a multicellular organism are SOMATIC CELLS.  “soma” = body  Somatic cells are normal BODY cells, not reproductive cells (egg cells or sperm cells)  Somatic cells can be very different from each other.  ~200 different types  Ex: muscle cells (myocytes), skin cells (epithelial cells), nerve cells (neurons)
  • 7. Q: DOES YOUR BODY CONTAIN THE SAME EXACT CELLS YOUR ENTIRE LIFE?  A: All living things, including somatic cells, have a lifespan.  WBCs ~ 13 days  RBCs ~ 120 days  Skin cells (top layer) ~ 30 days  Liver cells ~ 180 days  Old cells and dead cells must constantly be replaced.
  • 8. Q: WHAT HAPPENS TO DEAD CELLS?  A:  Some are shed  Skin, digestive lining  Some are digested by enzymes produced by lysosomes.  Recycled materials
  • 9. Q: HOW SMALL ARE CELLS?  A: Cell size in the living world varies  (2-200 µm)  Prokaryotes: 0.1 to 5 µm  Eukaryotes: 10 to 100 µm  Human body:  RBCs =  Skin cells =  Egg Cell =  Sperm Cell =
  • 10. Q: HOW MANY CELLS DOES THE AVERAGE HUMAN BODY (ADULT) HAVE?  A: Estimates have been given:  10 to 100 trillion cells  A study published in 2013 concluded the total number for the standard human adult organism to be 37.2 trillion cells.
  • 11. Q: WHY DO MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS EXIST? WHY AREN’T HUMANS JUST ONE GIANT CELL?  A: Propose some possible answers!  Now… Let’s do some math! Yeah!