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Dna structure notes
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- 2. DNA - DeoxyribonucleicAcid •Found in nucleoid of prokaryotic cells •Found in the nucleus of all eukaryotic cells •In mitochondria (mtDNA) •In chloroplasts (ctDNA) •Different segments along the DNA are genes • Genes - determine body function and physical characteristics • Genes are located on chromosomes. • Chromosomes are made of DNA & proteins
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- 7. STRUCTURE OF DNA •Double stranded – helix (twisted, curved) – Right-handed twist
- 8. DNA - DoubleHelix Structure 1) Sides of the ladder are made up of sugar and phosphates 2) Nitrogen bases stick out from the sides of the ladder (rungs) 3) When the two sides (chains) of the ladder are connected, it’s a complete DNA molecule
- 9. DNA - DoubleHelix 4) Adenine bonds with Thymine* 5) Guanine bonds with Cytosine* 6) Hydrogen bonds connect the bases *see next slide
- 10. Edwin Chargaff –1947 Studied DNA in various species Nitrogen bases are proportionate within a species Ratio of bases are various between species •Adenine and Thymine were found in proportionate amounts •Cytosine and Guanine were found in proportionate amounts Chargaff’s Rules
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