The document provides instructions for a DNA replication activity involving student teams competing to make copies of DNA strands using the fewest nucleotides. The objective is for each team to end up with two DNA strands taped to the whiteboard. Rules prohibit talking during the activity and allow two minutes for strategy discussion beforehand. The activity aims to demonstrate the speed of DNA replication in human versus bacterial cells.

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2. 1. Take out PD and Reading Annotations
2. Take 1 sheet of DNA – Double Helix Game,
DNA replication Notes, and 1 laptop per
table. Log-on and go to nobelprize.org. Then
click on the educational tab on top of the
menu
3. Swap and Comment on PDs
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3. Objective: be the fastest team that makes a copy
of DNA with the least amount of nucleotides so
that you end up with 2 copies of DNA in the end
Rules:
- No talking during the activity
- 2 min to discuss strategy before
activity
- When finished, tape your 2 DNA
strands on the white board as shown
- The game does not end until the top
3 teams are established
http://www.online-stopwatch.com/

4. Fun Fact:
Speed of DNA replication in human cells
50bps/sec
Speed of DNA replication in bacterial cells
1000bps/sec
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5. 1. What are some differences and similarities
between DNA and RNA
2. Draw how the two strands of DNA align.
Label the 5’ (prime) and 3’ (prime)
ends.(draw out the molecules) What is this
type of alignment called?
3. What is going well in this class so far? What
are your criticisms of this class?
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6. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bee6PWUgPo8&feature=relmfu

7. DNA Replication means to
Make copies of DNA
DNA Replication happens when
new cells need to be
made
Mitosis and Meiosis

8. DNA Replication
Parental strand
Daughter stand

9. DNA goes through a type of replication called semi-
conservative replication, which means one strand on
the DNA helix is new and the other strand is old

10. How does DNA replicate?
Step 1: DNA Helix unwinds and the 2 strands
separate.

11. How does DNA replicate?
Step 2: Add free nucleotides that hydrogen
bond to the original strand

12. How does DNA replicate?
Step 3: Phosphates bond with sugar to form
the backbone of the new nucleotides

13. How DNA replicates in prokaryotes
Have one origin of
replication

14. How DNA replicates in eukaryotes
Have multiple origins
of replication

15. The main difference between replication in prokaryotes and
eukaryotes is that prokaryotes have one origin of replication and
eukaryotes have many

16. Mechanism of DNA Replication:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=teV62zrm2P0

17. Replication Bubble: (look in DNA packet)

18. DNA REPLication Real Time Advanced:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I9ArIJWYZHI

19. Replication fork:
• Where the DNA strands split off
• Moves with the path of the replication
bubble
Primer:
Short sequence of RNA that binds to the
lagging parental strand in order for DNA
polymerase to copy the lagging strnad
Primase:
A protein that binds to the parental lagging
strand to make a primer
Helicase:
A protein that unwinds DNA

20. Single strand binding protein:
A protein that binds each DNA strand to
stabilize it and hold it apart
DNA polymerase:
A protein that adds free nucleotides from
5’ to 3’ to make a new strand of DNA.
Also fixes mistakes in DNA
DNA ligase:
A protein that binds the phosphates of
nucleic acids to the sugar group of
adjacent nucleic acids

21. A. Using Conservative replication
B. Using Dispersive replication
C.Using Liberal replication
D.Using Semi-conservative replication

22. A. DNA Polymerase
B. Helicase
C.Primase
D.Ligase
E. Unwindase

23. A. Leading Strand
B. Following Strand
C. Lagging Strand
D. Continuous Strand

24. A. Eukaryotes have a nucleus
B. Prokaryotes use conservative replication and
Eukaryotes use semi-conservative.
C. Eukaryotes have multiple origins of
replication and prokaryotes only have one
D. There is no difference

25. *

26. PCR HIDDEN HISTORY!
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27. * http://www.hulu.com/watch/101375/the-
nobel-prize-he-surfs-he-walks-mazes-he-
invents-pcr-profile-of-biochemist-kary-mullis

28. * PCR stands for Polymerase Chain Reaction
* PCR is a scientific technique to amplify (make
large copies) of a specific sequence of DNA

29. * What protein unwinds DNA
* What protein adds nucleotides to make the
new strand of DNA
* Draw a general diagram of how DNA replication
works or Explain how DNA replication works
* Happy Friday!
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30. 1. DNA Template
2. dNTPs (deoxyribonucleotide)
3. Taq Polymerase
4. Primers
5. Buffer and MgCl
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31. * http://www.invitrogen.com/site/us/en/home/
Products-and-Services/Applications/PCR/pcr-
animation.html
*

32. * http://www.invitro
gen.com/site/us/e
n/home/Products-
and-
Services/Applicatio
ns/PCR/pcr-
animation.html
*

33. *