5.8 Integrated circuits
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This document provides an overview of integrated circuits and digital techniques including: 1) Half adders and full adders which are basic building blocks for addition. Parallel adders allow adding more bits. Subtraction is also discussed. 2) Flip-flops like R-S, D, and J-K which are used for temporary data storage, counting, and other operations. Their functions and truth tables are described. 3) Counters, registers, decoders, encoders and other integrated circuits which are constructed using flip-flops and perform operations like serial-parallel conversion.
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1. Digital circuits can be designed using a multi-step process including system level design, register transfer level design, physical design, and layout synthesis to produce the final circuit.
2. Basic logic gates like AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, EXOR can be combined to form more complex digital circuits.
3. Truth tables define the input and output relationships of digital circuits and can be used to analyze a circuit or derive a circuit from a boolean expression.
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This document provides an overview of synchronous sequential circuits. It discusses sequential circuits, storage elements like latches and flip-flops, clocked sequential circuit analysis including state reduction and assignment, and design procedures. It also covers registers, counters, and HDL models of sequential circuits. Key components include sequential logic versus combinational logic, the use of clocks and clock signals, different types of latches and flip-flops like SR, D, JK, and Master-Slave configurations. Analysis methods like state tables and state transition diagrams are introduced.
JK flip flops
JK flip-flops have two outputs, Q and Q', and four modes of operation: hold, set, reset, toggle. The primary output is Q. There are two stable states that can store state information. JK flip-flops are used for data storage in registers, counting in counters, and frequency division. They can divide the frequency of a periodic waveform in half by toggling on each input clock pulse.
Flip flops
Flip flops are basic digital memory elements that form the building blocks of sequential and combinational circuits. They have two stable states, logic 0 and logic 1. The document discusses different types of flip flops including latches, SR flip flops, D flip flops, JK flip flops, and T flip flops. It covers their triggering methods, excitation tables, state diagrams, and characteristic equations. Master-slave configuration is also described to avoid race-around conditions in flip flops.
Digital_Electronics_Module_4_Sequential_Circuits v0.6.pptx
This document discusses sequential circuits and their components. It begins by defining sequential circuits as circuits whose outputs depend not only on present inputs but also past states, stored using latches and flip-flops. It then covers various types of sequential circuits and their basic components like latches, flip-flops, registers and counters. Specific latch and flip-flop types like SR, D, JK and T are described along with their characteristics. Applications of shift registers and different counter types are also mentioned.
Chapter 3
The document discusses sequential circuits and their components. It begins with an overview of sequential circuits and finite state machines. It then covers different types of flip-flops like D flip-flops and their usage. Counters and sequencers are presented as examples of sequential circuits. Details about designing a 3-bit up counter like its state table and logic equations are provided. Finally, registers are discussed including an example of a 4-bit register with parallel load.
Coa presentation2
This document provides information about various digital circuits including half adder, full adder, encoder, decoder, multiplexer, demultiplexer, seven segment display circuit, clock, flip flop, integrated circuit and more. It defines combinational and sequential circuits. It describes half adder, full adder, encoder, decoder, multiplexer, demultiplexer and seven segment display circuits. It also explains clock, flip flops including SR, D, JK flip flops, integrated circuits and definitions.
Lecture 12.pptx
The document describes building a finite state machine (FSM) combination lock with a reset button, two number buttons (0 and 1), and an unlock output, where the combination is 01011. It provides steps to design the lock FSM by creating a block diagram and state transition diagram, and then writing Verilog modules for the FSM. The document also provides examples of level-to-pulse converters and discusses Moore and Mealy FSMs.
15CS32 ADE Module 4
This document discusses various topics related to flip-flops and shift registers including:
1. Flip-flop timing parameters like setup time, hold time, and propagation delay.
2. The JK master-slave flip-flop configuration which uses two flip-flops to avoid unwanted state changes.
3. Switch contact bounce and how an RS latch can be used in a de-bounce circuit.
4. Different representations of flip-flops like truth tables, characteristic tables, and state diagrams.
5. HDL implementations of different types of flip-flops.
6. Shift register types like serial-in serial-out, serial-in parallel-out, parallel-in serial-
Digital Electronics Unit_3.pptx
The document discusses latches and flip-flops. It describes SR latches and how they can be used to make SR flip-flops. It then discusses different types of flip-flops including D, JK, T flip-flops. It explains how SR flip-flops can be converted to these other flip-flops and discusses issues like race conditions in JK flip-flops and how master-slave flip-flops address this issue.
Registers and counters
1. The document discusses different types of registers, counters, and shift registers including their components, functions, and loading/shifting processes.
2. It also covers synchronous and asynchronous counters as well as ring and Johnson counters.
3. Finally, it discusses integrated circuits and different digital logic families including TTL, ECL, MOS, CMOS, and I2L.
Chapter 6: Sequential Logic
Sequential circuits are circuits whose outputs depend not only on present inputs but also on past inputs or states. There are two types: synchronous use a clock signal to synchronize state changes, asynchronous can change state at any time. Common memory elements are flip-flops including RS, D, JK, and T flip-flops. The master-slave flip-flop construction using two flip-flops avoids unpredictable states by separating the sampling and output functions.
Flipflops and Excitation tables of flipflops
This document discusses latches and flip-flops. It explains that gates perform logic operations while flip-flops can store binary values. There are two types of sequential logic circuits: combinational using gates and sequential using flip-flops like the SR, D, JK, and T flip-flops. Flip-flops change state based on clock pulses in synchronous circuits or independent of clocks in asynchronous circuits.
Sequential circuit latchs and Flip-Flops.
This a presentation slide for sequential circuit latchs and flipflops
Flip flop
Flip flops are used to store digital data and can be triggered on either the rising or falling edge of a clock signal. The D flip flop stores the input data on the rising edge of the clock. Multiple flip flops can be used together to store parallel data from combinational logic circuits. Asynchronous reset inputs allow the flip flop output to be asynchronously cleared regardless of the clock. Flip flops are fundamental building blocks that enable the storage of data in digital circuits and computers.
Synchronous Sequential Logic Unit 4
These slides contain the basic of sequential logic, and includes a detailed and animated description of Flip-Flop and latches, it includes shift registers and counters also. It covers the fourth unit of Digital Logic Design
Sequential circuits in Digital Electronics
The document explains about the concepts of sequential circuits in Digital electronics.
This will be helpful for the beginners in VLSI and electronics students.
best slides latches.pdf
The document discusses sequential logic circuits and memory elements. It describes different types of latches like S-R latch, gated S-R latch and gated D latch. It also explains edge-triggered flip-flops like S-R flip-flop, D flip-flop, J-K flip-flop and T flip-flop. Key differences between latches and flip-flops are that latches change state continuously while flip-flops change state only at the clock edge. Asynchronous inputs like preset and clear are also explained which can directly set or clear the output of a flip-flop.
17 registers
The document discusses registers, which are sequential circuits that can store multiple bits of data unlike individual flip-flops. Registers are commonly used as temporary storage in processors and are faster than main memory. The document describes how to build basic registers from multiple flip-flops and how to add functionality like parallel loading of data and shifting of data. Shift registers are discussed as an application for serial transfer of data between devices.
lec7.ppt
This document summarizes a lecture on sequential networks and flip-flops. It discusses:
1) What defines a sequential circuit as one whose output depends on current inputs and past outputs, giving it memory.
2) The basic mechanisms of memory involve feedback loops using capacitive loads or inverters, allowing a circuit to store a bit through different states.
3) Common types of flip-flops like SR, D, JK, and T are described, along with their characteristic equations and how they can be used as basic memory components.
4) Sequential networks are implemented using finite state machines and excitation tables to specify and realize the desired sequential function. Proper timing is crucial to separate present
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5.8 Integrated circuits
- 1. Module 5: Digital Techniques and Electronic Instrument Systems 5.8 Integrated Circuits
- 2. An example of an digital integrated circuit
- 3. Half Adder A B S C 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1
- 4. Full Adder A B Cin S Cout 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1
- 5. Parallel Adder Can be extended to add more bits.
- 6. Subtraction
- 7. Flip-Flops R-S Flip-Flops D Flip-Flops J-K Flip-Flops Temporary data storage. Counters. Multiplication and division.
- 8. R-S Flip-Flop S R Q Q΄ Condition 0 0 * * Latched (keeps previous condition) 0 1 0 1 Reset 1 0 1 0 Set 1 1 ? ? Jammed * previous condition
- 9. R-S Flip Flop design S: 1, R: 0 NAND 1 Q = 1 and Q΄= 0. S: 0, R: 1 NAND 2 Q΄ = 1 and Q = 1. S: 0, R: 0 previous Q and Q΄affect next Q and Q΄. S R Q Q΄ Condition 0 0 * * Latched (keeps previous condition) 0 1 0 1 Reset 1 0 1 0 Set 1 1 ? ? Jammed
- 10. D Flip-Flop Changes are made only when clock moves from low to high. Also called “delay flip-flop”. Clk D Qn ext Q΄ Condition 1 1 1 0 Store 1 0 X * * No change 1 0 0 1 Store 0 • *: previous condition • X: irrelevant
- 11. J-K Flip Flop Clk J K Q Q΄ 1 0 0 * * 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 Toggle Toggle QKQJQnext • *: previous condition
- 12. Asynchronous Counter Ripple Counter. The output of each J-K flip flop is connected to the clock of the next one. Is an asynchronous counter. Events occur one after the other. However, high speed clocks can cause erroneous indications. .
- 13. Synchronous counter Synchronous counter: All events occur at the same time.
- 14. Ring Counter Only one output is high each time. AND gates set only one flip-flop each time.
- 15. Parallel Register READ IN: flip-flops can be set only when Read-in is “1”. READ OUT: output is obtained only when Read- out is “1”. If Read-in and Read-out is “0” S=R=0 and flip- flops keep their previous condition.
- 16. Serial to Parallel Shift Register Data in bits shift right each time the clock ticks. Useful for implementing: serial to parallel data transfer division
- 17. Parallel to Serial Shift Register Input: D1- D4. When shift operation is set, each time the clock ticks data are forwarded to the output.
- 18. Decoder Detect a specific bit combination. Each Y becomes “1”, only when a specific input combination is applied.
- 19. Binary to decimal decoder A 3-bit binary to decimal decoder (from 0 to 7). Only one output can be high each time.
- 20. Encoder Accepts an input and converts it to a shorter representation (e.g. binary). Decimal to binary converter from 1 to 9.