The document summarizes tuberculosis (TB) pathology. It describes the bacteriology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and M. bovis, which are common causes of TB. The pathogenesis of TB involves an initial inflammatory response followed by macrophage infiltration and formation of granulomas containing epithelioid cells and Langhans giant cells. TB lesions can be either productive or exudative depending on the organ involved. Microscopic findings include caseous necrosis surrounded by epithelioid and giant cells. TB can spread locally, via lymphatics or bloodstream to cause extrapulmonary or miliary disease. Organ involvement and response depends on factors like bacterial load, host immunity, and previous exposure.

2. TUBERCULOSIS (Extrapulmonary) Dr. Shahab Riaz Lecturer of Pathology PMC

10. Microscopy

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