This document discusses the differences between translators and interpreters. It states that translators convert written material from one language to another, while interpreters convert spoken material simultaneously or consecutively. Translators work with various written materials across different settings, while interpreters work in settings like conferences and meetings, interpreting speech either simultaneously or listening and interpreting segments consecutively. The document also discusses some of the cognitive processes involved in translation and interpretation, noting translators must account for two languages and cultures, while interpreters work in real-time speech conversion.

1. What is a
TRANSLATOR ?
What about an
INTERPRETER ?

3. COMMUNICATOR VS. TRANSLATOR

4. MONOLINGUAL COMMUNICATOR
• As a sender:
a)Obliged to encode message into the language
used by the sender;
b)Obliged to encode messages different from
those received;
c) Obliged to transmit them to the previous sender.

6. TRANSLATOR
• The encoding
a)Consists of re-encoding into a different
language;
b)Concerns the same message as was received;
c) Is aimed at a group of receivers who are not the
same as the original sender.

8. WHAT IS THE USUAL CONNOTATION ON
INTERPRETERS?

9. WHAT IS THE USUAL CONNOTATION TO THOSE
WHO USE INTERPRETERS?

10. BUT…
WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE
BETWEEN
A TRANSLATOR
AND
AN INTERPRETER?

11. TRANSLATORS VS. INTERPRETERS

12. TRANSLATORS VS. INTERPRETERS
They perform similar tasks, but in different settings.
An interpreter converts any spoken material
from one language (the source language)
into a different language (the target language),
a translator converts written material in the same
manner.

13. Interpreting can occur in a variety of settings,
such as conferences, meetings and over the
telephone, and can take the form of either
simultaneous or consecutive speech
(the interpreter listens to portions of a speech at a time, then
interprets the segments as the original speaker is silent).
Translation can also occur in various settings.
Translation can occur on any form of written work,
including literature, newspapers, contracts,
software interfaces, and web sites
(which is known as localization).

14. MEMORY,
MEANING
AND
LANGUAGE

16. WHAT DO COMMUNICATORS KNOW
ABOUT LANGUAGE?
• Converting amorphous ‘ideas’ into concepts
organized into propositions (semantic knowledge)
• Mapping propositions, which are universal and not
tied to any language (syntactic knowledge)
• Realizing clauses as utterances and texts in
actual communicative situations
(rhetorical knowledge)

17. They are more
consciously aware of
language and resources
it contains rather than
monolingual
communicators are.
TRANSLATORS
There are, at the very least,
two languages and two cultures involved

18. MONOLINGUAL COMMUNICATION PROCESS

19. TRANSLATING COMMUNICATION PROCESS

20. IMPOSSIBILITY OF 100%
EQUIVALENCE

21. INFLUENCED BY
INDIVIDUALITY & ENVIRONMENT

22. 2 KINDS OF EXPLANATION
NEEDED IN TRANSLATING
1. PSYCHOLINGUISTIC EXPLANATION
• Focuses on decoding and encoding
2. TEXT-LINGUISTIC or SOCIOLINGUISTIC EXPLANATION
• Focuses more on the participants, nature of the
message, and ways in which the resources of the
code are drawn upon by users to create meaning-
carrying signals

23. We define TRANSLATION as
The replacement of a
representation of a text in one
language by a representation of
an equivalent text in a second
language.

24. HOW DOES THIS HAPPEN?

25. THANK YOU!