This document discusses code switching that appears in text messages sent by English department students to their lecturers in Indonesia. It analyzes the types of code switching based on Saville-Troike (2003), finding both intrasentential and intersentential switching. It also analyzes the politeness strategies used based on Brown and Levinson (1987), finding strategies to avoid face-threatening acts by upholding foreign language in a native mindset. The document concludes that bilingualism and code switching can maintain native culture while learning a foreign language and culture.

2. INTRODUCTION
REVIEW OF
RELATED LITERATURE
RESEARCH METHOD FINDINGS & DISCUSSION
CONCLUSION &
SUGGESTION
REFERENCES

3.  Indonesia is loaded with numerous
languages and dialects that allow the
people to master more than one language
 Learning English as foreign language:
learning language as well as the culture it
embedded
 Politeness strategy implemented in
conversation through code switching
 Phenomena of code switching among
English learners

4. PREVIOUS STUDY
Switching Languages
in SMS Message by
Apriana (2006)
The Use of Terms of
Address, Code Mixing
and Code Switching in
Online Facebook
Businesses by Larasati
(2012)

5. RESEARCH
QUESTION
what types of code
switching that appear
in text messages sent by
English Department
students to lecturers
what politeness strategy
is implemented in text
messages sent by
English Department
students to lecturers

6. Poplack (2004),
one of a number of the linguistic
manifestations of language contact and
mixing, which variously include borrowing
on the lexical and syntactic levels,
language transfer, linguistic
convergence, interference, language
attrition, language death, pidginization
and creolization, among others

7. 2. Types of Code Switching
INTRASENENTIAL
SWITCHING
INTERSENENTIAL
SWITCHING

8. 3. Reason for
Switching
Language
Saville-Troike
(2003)
humorous
effect
the lack of
equivalent
lexical item
to exclude
other people
avoidance
strategy
repair strategy
make an
ideological
statement

9. Face
Something that is emotionally invested,
and that can be lost, maintained, or
enhanced, and must be constantly
attended to in interaction
Strategies of Positive Politeness:
Use In-group Language or Dialect

10.  Descriptive Qualitative
 The data analysis was carried out in several steps:
(1)The researcher started by categorizing types of
code switching in text messages based of Saville-
Troike (2003).
(2)The researcher analyzed the probable reason of
the occurrences by taking politeness strategy by
Brown and Levinson (1987) into consideration.
(3)The researcher further analyzed the findings by
taking perspective of preserving Indonesian
culture. Then the last step was drawing conclusion
of the study.

11. FINDINGS
&
DISCUSSION
Types Code Switching
that Appear in Text
Messages Sent by
English Department
Students to Lecturers
Politeness Strategy
Used in Text Messages
Sent by English
Department Students to
Lecturers

12. Intrasenential Switching
 Oh okedeh Ma’am, hehehe. (data 5)
 Oh oke deh Ma’am. Dieng kan Ma’am
ya? (data 8)
 Waduh, udah di list Navi, Ma’am
kemarin. Udah dikumpulin juga (data 11)

13. Intersentential Switching
 Ma’am nanti di smsin sama Navi. I’ve
told him (data 12)
 Yang non tes sudah belum? Kalau sudah
nanti jam 09.00 an di Q3. Tks. (data 25)
 Ass, Shinta. Hari ini ada keluarga saya di
Blitar yang wafat. So please the class I
can’t have ITL class tomorrow. Kita make
up Rabu 1-2 ya. Thank you (data 28)
 Di Q3.206. Insyaallah ya Shinta. Thank
you (data 30)

14. Politeness Strategy Used in Text Messages Sent
by English Department Students to Lecturers
U16 Good afternoon, Sir. Do we have
Introduction to Philosophy of Language this
afternoon?
U17 Maaf, saya ada rapat di pusat jam 1
siang.
U18 Lalu bagaimana make up class nya, Sir?
U19 Hari Jumat saja ya, di ruangan biasa (D8
304) jam 5-6
U20 Thank you, Sir.

15. (Saville-Troike, 2003)
Multilingual speakers’ production is
likely to be influenced not only by the
conventions of their native languages
and cultures, but also by the
knowledge they have of the
addressees’ language(s) and
culture(s), by their knowledge of the
resources of the linguistic code(s)
selected, and by the expectations
and attitudes they hold and develop
in the process of interaction.

16. Upholding a foreign language
in first language mind-set is
nothing but to maintain
politeness to avoid FTA
This enculturation between two languages
is salient evidence that by learning
language, people learning knowledge,
culture, and belief established in the
lexical item

17. The crucial point of being
bilingual and applying code
switching is that people do not
lose the culture embedded in the
native language.
It is suggested that people learning
foreign language and the culture is
beneficial when it is accompanied
by deep and thoroughly
understanding of their own culture

18. Apriana, Aulia. 2006. Mixing and Switching Languages in SMS Message.
Bahasa dan Seni, 34(1): 36-58
Brown, P, Levinson, S.C. 1987. Politeness: Some Universals in Language
Usage. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Gumperz, John J. 1982. Discourse Strategies. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press
Gumperz, John J, Gumperz, Jeny Cook. 2005. Making Space for Bilingual
Communicative Practice. Intercultural Pragmatics 2-1: 1-23
Nilep, Chad. 2006. “Code Switching” in Sociocultural Linguistics. Colorado
Research in Linguistics vol 19. Boulder: University of Colorado
Poplack, Shana. 1980. Sometimes I’ll Start a Sentence in Spanish y Termino
en Espanol: Toward a Typology of Code Switching. Linguistics, 24(2): 183-
192
Poplack, Shana. 2004. Code switching. Soziolinguistics. An International
Handbook of the Science of Language, 2nd Edition. Berlin: Walter de
Gruyter
Saville-Troike, Muriel. 2003. The Ethnography of Communication: An
Introduction 3rd Edition. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing