Nutritional deficiencies Power Point Presentation
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The document is a PowerPoint presentation about nutritional deficiency diseases. It introduces the topic and explains that lack of nutrition can cause health problems and deficiency diseases. It then summarizes three specific deficiency diseases: Marasmus caused by lack of protein and energy, Kwashiorkor caused by lack of protein, and Rickets caused by lack of vitamin D. The main symptoms of each disease are listed.
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nutritional deficiency disorders in human
Nutritional deficiency disorders in humans can be caused by inadequate intake, excess intake, malabsorption, or disease. There are several major types of deficiencies including mineral deficiencies like calcium, phosphorus, and iron; vitamin deficiencies like Vitamins A and B; and deficiencies in proteins and lipids. Common symptoms of deficiencies include fatigue, weakness, pale skin, irritability, and increased risk of diseases like rickets, osteoporosis, and anemia. Treatments involve consuming nutrient-rich foods and supplements to improve intake of the deficient nutrient.
Nutritional deficieny diseases
This document discusses several nutritional deficiency diseases caused by a lack of essential nutrients in the diet. It describes goiter caused by iodine deficiency which results in swelling of the thyroid gland. Kwashiorkor is a disease of children caused by lack of protein in the diet, leading to stunted growth and edema. Marasmus results from general malnutrition and lack of energy and protein, causing a lean body and sunken eyes. Rickets is caused by lack of vitamin D and calcium in children, resulting in soft bones and bent limbs. The document emphasizes the importance of a balanced diet containing all essential nutrients to prevent these deficiency diseases.
Vitamins deficiency of disease
Vitamins are organic compounds that are essential for growth and physiological processes in trace amounts, though they have no energy value. The document outlines the symptoms of deficiency for several key vitamins: Vitamin A deficiency can cause xerosis, xerophthalmia, and keratomalacia among other symptoms; Vitamin B1 deficiency results in beriberi and fatigue; Vitamin C deficiency causes scurvy and bleeding gums. Deficiencies of other vitamins like D, B2, B3, B6, B12, E, and K also have characteristic symptoms like rickets, dermatitis, anemia, and poor blood coagulation.
Nutritional disorders
This document discusses food and nutrition. It defines food and explains that food provides energy, supports growth and repair of tissues, and provides nutrients like carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals, water and roughage. It lists common food sources for each nutrient constituent. The document also discusses nutritional disorders that can result from deficiencies of specific nutrients, such as protein deficiency disorders like kwashiorkor and marasmus, and vitamin and mineral deficiency disorders and their associated symptoms.
Health education
The document discusses various topics related to public health and nutrition. It defines public health as the science of preventing disease and promoting health through organized community efforts. It outlines the core functions of public health programs such as vaccines, disease prevention/treatment, and maternal/child care. The document also discusses nutrition, defining nutrients and their roles. It emphasizes the importance of a balanced diet and the relationship between nutrition and health. Finally, it covers several aspects of child care such as the mother's role, feeding tips, immunization, and the importance of breastfeeding.
Mother and child health
This document discusses mother and child health. It begins by defining mother and child health as the health services provided to mothers and children, including promoting health during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postnatal period. It then outlines some key focuses of mother and child health like preventing infant and maternal mortality. The document notes that pregnancy provides an opportunity to identify existing health risks in women. It lists some important maternal health indicators and discusses the importance of breastfeeding for providing optimal nutrition and protection from infections for infants. The document also notes some ill effects of infant milk substitutes and bottle feeding like increased risk of infections and obesity. It concludes by mentioning the WHO International Code on the Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes.
Vitamin deficiency disorder
Vitamin deficiencies can cause several disorders. There are 13 known vitamins classified as either fat-soluble or water-soluble. Vitamin A deficiency can lead to night blindness and immune problems, while vitamin D deficiency results in rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults. Both vitamins are important for growth, immunity, and calcium absorption. Maintaining adequate levels through diet and sunlight exposure is important to prevent deficiency disorders.
Nutritional disorders
This document summarizes several common nutritional disorders caused by deficiencies of proteins, minerals, vitamins, and other nutrients. It discusses protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) disorders like kwashiorkor and marasmus caused by inadequate protein and energy intake. Mineral deficiencies covered include anemia from iron deficiency and iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) like goiter. Vitamin deficiencies discussed are night blindness from vitamin A deficiency, rickets from vitamin D deficiency, scurvy from vitamin C deficiency, and several B-complex deficiencies like beriberi, photophobia, and pellagra. The document provides details on symptoms, affected groups, causes, and prevention strategies for each nutritional disorder.
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nutritional deficiency disorders in human
Nutritional deficiency disorders in humans can be caused by inadequate intake, excess intake, malabsorption, or disease. There are several major types of deficiencies including mineral deficiencies like calcium, phosphorus, and iron; vitamin deficiencies like Vitamins A and B; and deficiencies in proteins and lipids. Common symptoms of deficiencies include fatigue, weakness, pale skin, irritability, and increased risk of diseases like rickets, osteoporosis, and anemia. Treatments involve consuming nutrient-rich foods and supplements to improve intake of the deficient nutrient.
Nutritional deficieny diseases
This document discusses several nutritional deficiency diseases caused by a lack of essential nutrients in the diet. It describes goiter caused by iodine deficiency which results in swelling of the thyroid gland. Kwashiorkor is a disease of children caused by lack of protein in the diet, leading to stunted growth and edema. Marasmus results from general malnutrition and lack of energy and protein, causing a lean body and sunken eyes. Rickets is caused by lack of vitamin D and calcium in children, resulting in soft bones and bent limbs. The document emphasizes the importance of a balanced diet containing all essential nutrients to prevent these deficiency diseases.
Vitamins deficiency of disease
Vitamins are organic compounds that are essential for growth and physiological processes in trace amounts, though they have no energy value. The document outlines the symptoms of deficiency for several key vitamins: Vitamin A deficiency can cause xerosis, xerophthalmia, and keratomalacia among other symptoms; Vitamin B1 deficiency results in beriberi and fatigue; Vitamin C deficiency causes scurvy and bleeding gums. Deficiencies of other vitamins like D, B2, B3, B6, B12, E, and K also have characteristic symptoms like rickets, dermatitis, anemia, and poor blood coagulation.
Nutritional disorders
This document discusses food and nutrition. It defines food and explains that food provides energy, supports growth and repair of tissues, and provides nutrients like carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals, water and roughage. It lists common food sources for each nutrient constituent. The document also discusses nutritional disorders that can result from deficiencies of specific nutrients, such as protein deficiency disorders like kwashiorkor and marasmus, and vitamin and mineral deficiency disorders and their associated symptoms.
Health education
The document discusses various topics related to public health and nutrition. It defines public health as the science of preventing disease and promoting health through organized community efforts. It outlines the core functions of public health programs such as vaccines, disease prevention/treatment, and maternal/child care. The document also discusses nutrition, defining nutrients and their roles. It emphasizes the importance of a balanced diet and the relationship between nutrition and health. Finally, it covers several aspects of child care such as the mother's role, feeding tips, immunization, and the importance of breastfeeding.
Mother and child health
This document discusses mother and child health. It begins by defining mother and child health as the health services provided to mothers and children, including promoting health during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postnatal period. It then outlines some key focuses of mother and child health like preventing infant and maternal mortality. The document notes that pregnancy provides an opportunity to identify existing health risks in women. It lists some important maternal health indicators and discusses the importance of breastfeeding for providing optimal nutrition and protection from infections for infants. The document also notes some ill effects of infant milk substitutes and bottle feeding like increased risk of infections and obesity. It concludes by mentioning the WHO International Code on the Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes.
Vitamin deficiency disorder
Vitamin deficiencies can cause several disorders. There are 13 known vitamins classified as either fat-soluble or water-soluble. Vitamin A deficiency can lead to night blindness and immune problems, while vitamin D deficiency results in rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults. Both vitamins are important for growth, immunity, and calcium absorption. Maintaining adequate levels through diet and sunlight exposure is important to prevent deficiency disorders.
Nutritional disorders
This document summarizes several common nutritional disorders caused by deficiencies of proteins, minerals, vitamins, and other nutrients. It discusses protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) disorders like kwashiorkor and marasmus caused by inadequate protein and energy intake. Mineral deficiencies covered include anemia from iron deficiency and iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) like goiter. Vitamin deficiencies discussed are night blindness from vitamin A deficiency, rickets from vitamin D deficiency, scurvy from vitamin C deficiency, and several B-complex deficiencies like beriberi, photophobia, and pellagra. The document provides details on symptoms, affected groups, causes, and prevention strategies for each nutritional disorder.
Balanced Diet
PPT includes -
> Introduction,
> definition
> goals
> importances
> points to be remembers in Balanced diet
> components
> factor influencing balanced diet
> effects of unbalanced diet
NUTRITIONAL DISORDERS AND PROTEIN ENERGY MALNUTRITION
Nutritional disorder are diseases that occur when a person's dietary intake does not contain the right amount of nutrients for healthy functioning, or when a person cannot correctly absorb nutrients from food. Nutritional disorders can be caused by undernutrition, over nutrition or an incorrect balance of nutrients.
VITAMIN A DEFICIENCY
Vitamin A deficiency is a major public health problem worldwide, especially in Africa and South Asia. It can cause blindness and increases the risk of death from infections in children. The first signs are night blindness and dryness of the conjunctiva. More severe deficiency can lead to Bitot's spots, corneal ulceration and keratomalacia which can cause scarring and permanent blindness. Increasing intake of foods rich in preformed vitamin A such as liver, eggs, dairy or carotenoid-rich fruits and vegetables can help prevent and treat vitamin A deficiency.
Nutrients & Deficiency disease
The document discusses nutrients and deficiency diseases. It defines nutrients as the constituents of food that are essential for the body. The main types of nutrients are carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water. It then provides examples of the water content of various foods. The document defines deficiency diseases as those caused by a lack of nutrients in the diet. It gives several examples of specific deficiency diseases caused by a lack of proteins, vitamins A, B, C, D, E, K, minerals like iodine, calcium, and iron. For each it lists the nutrient, food sources, deficiency disease, and symptoms.
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There are 6 essential vitamins - A, B, C, D, E and K. Vitamins are classified as either water-soluble or fat-soluble. The document provides information on each vitamin, including their sources, functions in the body, and deficiency diseases. Vitamin A, D, E and K are fat-soluble while vitamins B and C are water-soluble. Each vitamin plays an important role in growth, development, and preventing various diseases.
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Micronutrients such as vitamins and minerals are essential for human growth, health and development. Certain vitamins like A, D, C, B vitamins and minerals like iron and zinc must be obtained through diet as humans cannot synthesize them in sufficient amounts. Deficiencies of these micronutrients can lead to various health conditions. For example, vitamin A deficiency causes xerophthalmia and increases risk of infections; iron deficiency leads to anemia; and zinc deficiency is associated with skin lesions and impaired immunity. Diagnosis of deficiencies is based on clinical signs and symptoms as well as laboratory investigations. Treatment involves dietary modifications and supplementation to correct the deficiencies.
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Minerals
Minerals are inorganic elements needed by the body for functions like building tissues, regulating fluids, and assisting in bodily processes. Major minerals like calcium, phosphorus, and potassium are required in amounts greater than 100mg daily, while trace minerals such as iron, iodine, and zinc are needed in lesser amounts. The document provides details on common food sources, functions, and deficiency/toxicity symptoms for each major and trace mineral.
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This document discusses nutrition and health. It begins by defining key terms like nutrients, balanced diet, and Recommended Dietary Allowance. It then covers the major macronutrients - carbohydrates, proteins, and fats - describing their chemistry, digestion, functions, and recommendations. Specific conditions related to macronutrients like diabetes and protein deficiency are also examined. The document concludes by looking at protein's role in oral health and disease.
Malnutrition 3rd lecture
This document defines malnutrition and identifies its types and preventative measures. Malnutrition is poor nutrition resulting from an insufficient or imbalanced diet, poor digestion, or inability to absorb foods. It affects infants, children, the elderly, disabled, and ill. There are two main types: undernutrition and overnutrition. Undernutrition includes protein-energy malnutrition and micronutrient deficiencies like iron deficiency anemia, rickets, and vitamin A deficiency. Overnutrition refers to excessive caloric intake leading to obesity. The document identifies at-risk groups and signs of various deficiencies. It emphasizes preventative measures like nutrition education, food fortification, and supplementation programs.
Malnutrition consequences, causes, prevention and control
Malnutrition can be caused by both under-nutrition and over-nutrition, resulting in nutritional disorders. Under-nutrition can cause protein-energy malnutrition, vitamin and mineral deficiencies, and specific deficiency diseases like beriberi, pellagra, rickets, and anemia. Over-nutrition can cause obesity. Malnutrition has wide-ranging consequences and is both caused by and exacerbates poverty. Prevention strategies include improving agricultural production, educating people, food fortification, genetic engineering of crops, and government assistance programs.
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Nutritional factors in some diseases
This presentation consists of broad classification of food and some important diseases related to particular food item.
Deficiency diseases of proteins, kwashiorkor, marasmus
Kwashiorkor and marasmus are protein deficiency diseases that primarily affect children. Kwashiorkor occurs when children switch from breastfeeding to a low protein diet, causing symptoms like pigmentation, vomiting, and edema. Marasmus occurs due to a very low protein and calorie diet, leading to weight loss, diarrhea, and respiratory infections. Both diseases are diagnosed through physical exams and tests. Treatment focuses on increasing protein intake through foods like milk, eggs, and soy for kwashiorkor, and increasing overall protein, calories, and nutrients for marasmus.
Importance of nutrition
Nutrition is the study of the nutrients in food and how they nourish the body.
Nutrients are components of food that are needed for the body to function
Nutritional dissorders
The document discusses various nutritional disorders including obesity, starvation, kwashiorkor, marasmus, anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. It defines key terms like calorie and essential nutrients. For each disorder, it describes the etiology, clinical manifestations, pathophysiology, nursing management and prevention. Specifically, it provides details on the signs and symptoms of kwashiorkor and marasmus, how they differ in morphology and nutritional content of foods to prevent protein deficiency. The nursing management of eating disorders focuses on helping clients develop normal eating behaviors and self-image.
Deficiency diseases ppt by amulya s d
Alexander the Great of Macedonia invaded parts of India in his conquests and encountered King Porus of the kingdom of Punarnava, who had a powerful army that included war elephants; however, Alexander outmaneuvered Porus by crossing the Chenab River downstream at night and launching a surprise attack on Porus's forces the next day, causing confusion among the elephants and defeating Porus, who was captured; impressed by Porus's valor, Alexander released him and returned his kingdom when Porus replied that he should be treated "like a king" after Alexander asked how he wanted to be treated following his defeat.
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PPT includes -
> Introduction,
> definition
> goals
> importances
> points to be remembers in Balanced diet
> components
> factor influencing balanced diet
> effects of unbalanced diet
NUTRITIONAL DISORDERS AND PROTEIN ENERGY MALNUTRITION
Nutritional disorder are diseases that occur when a person's dietary intake does not contain the right amount of nutrients for healthy functioning, or when a person cannot correctly absorb nutrients from food. Nutritional disorders can be caused by undernutrition, over nutrition or an incorrect balance of nutrients.
VITAMIN A DEFICIENCY
Vitamin A deficiency is a major public health problem worldwide, especially in Africa and South Asia. It can cause blindness and increases the risk of death from infections in children. The first signs are night blindness and dryness of the conjunctiva. More severe deficiency can lead to Bitot's spots, corneal ulceration and keratomalacia which can cause scarring and permanent blindness. Increasing intake of foods rich in preformed vitamin A such as liver, eggs, dairy or carotenoid-rich fruits and vegetables can help prevent and treat vitamin A deficiency.
Nutrients & Deficiency disease
The document discusses nutrients and deficiency diseases. It defines nutrients as the constituents of food that are essential for the body. The main types of nutrients are carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water. It then provides examples of the water content of various foods. The document defines deficiency diseases as those caused by a lack of nutrients in the diet. It gives several examples of specific deficiency diseases caused by a lack of proteins, vitamins A, B, C, D, E, K, minerals like iodine, calcium, and iron. For each it lists the nutrient, food sources, deficiency disease, and symptoms.
Nutrition and Food
Macronutrients, Micronutrients, Deficiency diseases, Food adulteration, Food supplements, Food interactions
balanced diet
A balanced diet provides the right types and amounts of foods and drinks to maintain health. It includes major nutrients like proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, and minerals. Proteins help build muscle and boost immunity. Carbohydrates provide energy while fats transport vitamins and insulate organs. Vitamins and minerals support various bodily functions. A balanced diet along with physical activity and supplements can help ensure adequate nutrient intake and prevent deficiencies that impact health. Maintaining a positive attitude also contributes to overall well-being.
Minerals
Our body needs many minerals. A balanced diet usually provides all of the essential minerals. The ppt list minerals, what they do in the body their functions, and their sources in foods. It also included deficiencies and toxic effects.
11. vitamins
There are 6 essential vitamins - A, B, C, D, E and K. Vitamins are classified as either water-soluble or fat-soluble. The document provides information on each vitamin, including their sources, functions in the body, and deficiency diseases. Vitamin A, D, E and K are fat-soluble while vitamins B and C are water-soluble. Each vitamin plays an important role in growth, development, and preventing various diseases.
Malnutrition
Malnutrition is the condition that develops when the body does not get the right amount of vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients it needs to maintain healthy tissues and organ function.
Micro Nutrients and their Deficiency by Dr. Sookun Rajeev Kumar
Micronutrients such as vitamins and minerals are essential for human growth, health and development. Certain vitamins like A, D, C, B vitamins and minerals like iron and zinc must be obtained through diet as humans cannot synthesize them in sufficient amounts. Deficiencies of these micronutrients can lead to various health conditions. For example, vitamin A deficiency causes xerophthalmia and increases risk of infections; iron deficiency leads to anemia; and zinc deficiency is associated with skin lesions and impaired immunity. Diagnosis of deficiencies is based on clinical signs and symptoms as well as laboratory investigations. Treatment involves dietary modifications and supplementation to correct the deficiencies.
Vitamins and deficiency diseases by keerthi
This document discusses vitamins and vitamin deficiency diseases. It begins by defining vitamins and explaining their sources and history. It then categorizes vitamins as fat-soluble (A, D, E, K) or water-soluble and describes each group. For each vitamin, the document outlines its sources, functions, deficiency symptoms and diseases, risk factors, therapeutic uses, and toxicity risks. It emphasizes the pharmacist's role in counseling patients on safe vitamin consumption and supplements.
Minerals
Minerals are inorganic elements needed by the body for functions like building tissues, regulating fluids, and assisting in bodily processes. Major minerals like calcium, phosphorus, and potassium are required in amounts greater than 100mg daily, while trace minerals such as iron, iodine, and zinc are needed in lesser amounts. The document provides details on common food sources, functions, and deficiency/toxicity symptoms for each major and trace mineral.
nutrition and health
This document discusses nutrition and health. It begins by defining key terms like nutrients, balanced diet, and Recommended Dietary Allowance. It then covers the major macronutrients - carbohydrates, proteins, and fats - describing their chemistry, digestion, functions, and recommendations. Specific conditions related to macronutrients like diabetes and protein deficiency are also examined. The document concludes by looking at protein's role in oral health and disease.
Malnutrition 3rd lecture
This document defines malnutrition and identifies its types and preventative measures. Malnutrition is poor nutrition resulting from an insufficient or imbalanced diet, poor digestion, or inability to absorb foods. It affects infants, children, the elderly, disabled, and ill. There are two main types: undernutrition and overnutrition. Undernutrition includes protein-energy malnutrition and micronutrient deficiencies like iron deficiency anemia, rickets, and vitamin A deficiency. Overnutrition refers to excessive caloric intake leading to obesity. The document identifies at-risk groups and signs of various deficiencies. It emphasizes preventative measures like nutrition education, food fortification, and supplementation programs.
Malnutrition consequences, causes, prevention and control
Malnutrition can be caused by both under-nutrition and over-nutrition, resulting in nutritional disorders. Under-nutrition can cause protein-energy malnutrition, vitamin and mineral deficiencies, and specific deficiency diseases like beriberi, pellagra, rickets, and anemia. Over-nutrition can cause obesity. Malnutrition has wide-ranging consequences and is both caused by and exacerbates poverty. Prevention strategies include improving agricultural production, educating people, food fortification, genetic engineering of crops, and government assistance programs.
Introduction to Nutrition
Topics involved - Introduction of Nutrition
Defination of Nutrition
History of Nutrition
Functions of Nutrition
Vitamin E deficiency
Vitamin E deficiency can result from insufficient dietary intake or impaired absorption of the vitamin. Selenium and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) affect vitamin E needs, with selenium sparing vitamin E needs and higher PUFA intake increasing vitamin E needs. Other nutrient deficiencies, malabsorption conditions, and genetic mutations can also lead to vitamin E deficiency. Symptoms of vitamin E deficiency impact the neuromuscular, vascular and reproductive systems and result from oxidative damage to cell membranes.
Nutritional factors in some diseases
This presentation consists of broad classification of food and some important diseases related to particular food item.
Deficiency diseases of proteins, kwashiorkor, marasmus
Kwashiorkor and marasmus are protein deficiency diseases that primarily affect children. Kwashiorkor occurs when children switch from breastfeeding to a low protein diet, causing symptoms like pigmentation, vomiting, and edema. Marasmus occurs due to a very low protein and calorie diet, leading to weight loss, diarrhea, and respiratory infections. Both diseases are diagnosed through physical exams and tests. Treatment focuses on increasing protein intake through foods like milk, eggs, and soy for kwashiorkor, and increasing overall protein, calories, and nutrients for marasmus.
Importance of nutrition
Nutrition is the study of the nutrients in food and how they nourish the body.
Nutrients are components of food that are needed for the body to function
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NUTRITIONAL DISORDERS AND PROTEIN ENERGY MALNUTRITION
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The document discusses various nutritional disorders including obesity, starvation, kwashiorkor, marasmus, anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. It defines key terms like calorie and essential nutrients. For each disorder, it describes the etiology, clinical manifestations, pathophysiology, nursing management and prevention. Specifically, it provides details on the signs and symptoms of kwashiorkor and marasmus, how they differ in morphology and nutritional content of foods to prevent protein deficiency. The nursing management of eating disorders focuses on helping clients develop normal eating behaviors and self-image.
Deficiency diseases ppt by amulya s d
Alexander the Great of Macedonia invaded parts of India in his conquests and encountered King Porus of the kingdom of Punarnava, who had a powerful army that included war elephants; however, Alexander outmaneuvered Porus by crossing the Chenab River downstream at night and launching a surprise attack on Porus's forces the next day, causing confusion among the elephants and defeating Porus, who was captured; impressed by Porus's valor, Alexander released him and returned his kingdom when Porus replied that he should be treated "like a king" after Alexander asked how he wanted to be treated following his defeat.
Rickets
Rickets is a disease caused by vitamin D deficiency or a lack of calcium or phosphorus in children, which results in soft, weakened bones. It occurs when osteoid, or bone matrix, fails to calcify during bone growth. Symptoms include bowed legs, bone pain, and fractures. Treatment involves high dose vitamin D supplementation orally or via injection to restore calcium and phosphorus levels.
Rickets
Rickets is a childhood bone disease caused by vitamin D deficiency and lack of calcium. It was common in the past but decreased due to milk fortification with vitamin D in the 1930s. Today it is seen again in less developed areas and in those with dark skin exposed to little sunlight. Symptoms include bone pain, softening and deformities. Diagnosis involves exams and tests of vitamin D and bone mineral levels. Treatment focuses on calcium and vitamin D supplementation. With early treatment, children generally heal well while severe cases can lead to permanent bone changes.
Bone demineralization
PREPARED BY :MUHAMMAD ARIFF B MAHDZUB
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UNIVERSITY COLLEGE SHAHPUTRA, KUANTAN
13.deficiency diseases
The document discusses three deficiency diseases: Kwashiorkor, Marasmus, and obesity. Kwashiorkor is caused by protein deficiency and results in edema, hair and skin changes, and lethargy. Marasmus is caused by protein-calorie deficiency and causes emaciation, thin limbs, and muscle wasting. Obesity is caused by overeating energy-dense foods and results in excess fat deposition and increased body weight over 20% above normal.
Marasmus by santhosh k chacko
Marasmus is a form of severe protein-energy malnutrition that occurs due to negative energy balance, particularly in infants. It is characterized by severe wasting of over 60% of expected weight, loss of subcutaneous fat and muscle wasting. The causes include poor feeding habits, physical defects preventing eating, diseases interfering with food assimilation, infections causing loss of appetite, and loss of food through vomiting or diarrhea. Treatment involves rehydration and refeeding through intravenous fluids or feeding tubes to prevent complications like organ failure or coma from developing.
Rickets & Osteomalacia
Rickets and osteomalacia are disorders caused by interrupted mineralization of bone due to calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D metabolism issues. Rickets occurs in children and causes bone deformities, while osteomalacia occurs in adults. Various types of rickets include vitamin D deficiency, vitamin D dependent, and vitamin D resistant. Treatment involves vitamin D supplementation, calcium supplementation, and correcting fluid and electrolyte imbalances. Osteomalacia in adults is also caused by vitamin D deficiency and is treated with vitamin D supplementation.
Canine Rickets
Rickets is a disease affecting young growing animals characterized by defective bone calcification leading to skeletal deformities and poor health. It is caused by deficiencies in calcium, phosphorus, or vitamin D which disrupt bone mineralization. Clinical signs include bowed legs, enlarged joints, bone fractures, and deformities of the skull and pelvis. Diagnosis is confirmed through blood tests and x-rays showing abnormal bone structure. Treatment involves dietary supplementation of the deficient nutrient, especially vitamin D, as well as calcium and exposure to sunlight.
18 Rickets Of Vitamin D Deficiency,Tetany Of Vitamin D Deficiency
This document summarizes rickets of vitamin D deficiency, including its pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, prevention and treatment. Rickets results from failure of mineralization of growing bone due to vitamin D deficiency. Key symptoms include bone pain, softening of the skull, and bowed legs. Diagnosis is based on low vitamin D levels and x-ray findings. Treatment involves vitamin D supplementation to promote bone mineralization and prevent deformities.
Approach to a child with Rickets
This document discusses rickets, a disease caused by defective bone mineralization in children due to vitamin D or calcium/phosphate deficiencies. It defines rickets and describes the different types (nutritional, vitamin D dependent types 1 and 2, and vitamin D resistant). Nutritional rickets is most common, caused by inadequate sunlight exposure or vitamin D/calcium intake. The document outlines vitamin D metabolism and the pathogenesis of rickets. It then describes clinical features like bone deformities and laboratory abnormalities seen in a case of rickets. The recommended approach is to obtain a detailed history, perform a physical exam including skeletal assessment, order biochemical and radiological tests, and initiate vitamin D, calcium, and plastic surgery treatments as needed.
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This document discusses rickets, a disease characterized by defective bone mineralization due to vitamin D deficiency or abnormal metabolism. It covers the sources and types of vitamin D, how vitamin D is metabolized in the body, and its actions in increasing calcium and phosphate absorption and bone mineralization. Symptoms of rickets are described including bone deformities, craniotabes, and rosary beads. Diagnosis involves physical exam findings, elevated alkaline phosphatase levels, and x-rays showing metaphyseal changes. Treatment is aimed at correcting the vitamin D deficiency through sunlight exposure or vitamin D supplementation. Prognosis is generally good with treatment but deformities may require orthopedic correction.
Deficiency diseases
This powerpoint will be for those who study doctor. This will take you to the world of DEFICIENCY DISEASE!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Understanding rickets types,diagnosis,prevention & treatment dr.sandeep c agr...
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This document provides an overview of rickets presented by Lyudmyla Olexandrivna Rakovska from the Department of Pediatrics at V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University. The 10-point plan discusses the definition, etiology, pathogenesis, classification, clinical manifestations, laboratory/radiological findings, differential diagnosis, treatment and prevention of rickets. Key points include that rickets is caused by vitamin D deficiency impairing bone mineralization, especially in children under 2 years old. Symptoms involve soft, deformed bones and skeletal abnormalities. Treatment focuses on vitamin D supplementation through either low daily doses or high single doses.
Rickets
Rickets is a childhood bone disease caused by vitamin D deficiency and lack of calcium or phosphorus. It results in soft, weak bones that can lead to skeletal deformities. The document outlines the pathogenesis of rickets, describing how deficiencies disrupt normal bone mineralization. Clinical signs include bone pain, bowed legs, and chest deformities. Diagnosis involves blood tests and x-rays of bones showing widened growth plates. Treatment is vitamin D supplementation with calcium and phosphorus to correct deficiencies and allow healing. Prevention involves adequate sunlight exposure, vitamin D supplementation in infants, and dietary calcium intake.
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The document discusses the causes and presentation of rickets. The main causes are vitamin D disorders, calcium deficiency, phosphorus deficiency, renal losses, and distal renal tubular acidosis. Clinical features include bone deformities, softening of the skull, and leg pain. Diagnosis involves physical exam, x-rays showing bone changes, and lab tests showing abnormalities in calcium, phosphorus, vitamin D, and parathyroid hormone levels. Nutritional vitamin D deficiency is the most common cause globally. Treatment involves vitamin D, calcium, and phosphorus supplementation.
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Nutritional deficiencies Power Point Presentation
- 1. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION TOPIC : NUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCY DISEASES Submitted To: Aneesha Teacher KUCTE, KULAKKADA Submitted by: RINI THOMAS ROLL NO. 33
- 2. INTRODUCTION We get nutrients needed for our body from the food we eat . For the proper growth of body a nutrient rich diet is essential. Lack of nutritious food also causes health problem and many deficiency diseases . They are the following .
- 3. MARASMUS Marasmus is caused by the lack of protein and energy . Major symptoms are; 1. Retarded growth 2. Loss of weight 3. Lean body 4. Projected ribs 5. Sunken eyes 6. Dry skin
- 4. KWASHIORKOR Kwashiorkor is caused by the lack of protein . Major symptoms are; 1. Stunted physical growth 2. Protruding stomach 3. Projected eyes 4. Oedema on the legs 5. Wrinkles on skin
- 5. RICKETS Rickets is caused by the deficiency of vitamin D. Major symptoms are; 1. Limbs are bent 2. Decayed teeth 3. Joint pain 4. Wasting of muscles