Deficiency diseases

1. Nutrients & deficiency disease
K. Mamta
Biological science

2. Nutrients
• The constituents of the food which are essential for
the body are called nutrients.
Types of nutrients
 Carbohydrates - Provide energy
 Proteins - Help in growth
 Fats - Provide energy
 Vitamins - Help in physiological activities
 Minerals - Act as regulators in physiological activities
 Water - Transports food, regulates body temperature.

3. carbohydrates

4. Protein

5. fats

6. Vitamins & Minerals

7. Water

8. Water content in vegetables, fruits and
food items
Name of the food
• Water melon
• Cucumber
• Mushroom
• Milk
• Potato
• Egg
• A bread slice
Water content
99%
95%
92%
87%
75%
73%
25%

9. Deficiency Diseases:
Diseases caused due to
the deficiency of
nutrients in food that
we eat are called
deficiency disease
Deficiency diseases and their
symptoms
• Nutrient : Protein
• Food source: Fish, meat,
egg(albumin), milk, peas,
cereals
• Deficiency disease :
Kwashiorkar (children from 1-
5 age)
• Symptoms: retarded growth,
potbelly, swollen limbs

10. • Nutrient : Protein
• Food source: Fish, meat,
egg(albumin), milk,
peas, cereals
• Deficiency disease :
Marasmus
• Symptoms: Thin limbs,
weak appearance,
enlarged head, loss of
weight, retarded
physical and mental
growth.

11. • Nutrients: Vitamin A
• Food source: Fish liver
oil, egg, milk, ghee,
butter, carrot, corn,
yellow fruits, greens.
• Deficiency disease:
Night blindness
• Symptoms: Defective
vision, blindness in dim
light

12. • Nutrients: Vitamin B
• Food source: Whole
grains, pulses,
unpolished rice, milk,
fish, meat, peas, gram,
raw vegetables
• Deficiency disease: Beri-
beri
• Symptoms: Unhealthy
nerve, muscle fatigue

13. • Nutrients: Vitamin C
• Food source: Orange,
lemon, gooseberry,
green chillies, tomato.
• Deficiency disease:
Scurvy
• Symptoms: Bleeding
gums

14. • Nutrition: Vitamin D
• Food source: Fish-liver
oil, milk, egg. It is also
synthesised by the skin
with the help of
sunlight.
• Deficiency disease:
Rickets
• Symptoms: Weak and
bow bones

15. • Nutrition: Vitamin E
• Food source: Vegetable oils, green
vegetables, whole wheat, Mango,
Apple, Greens
• Deficiency disease: Infertility
• Symptoms: Sterility and reduction
of immunity

16. • Nutrition: Vitamin K
• Food source: Green vegetables,
Tomato, Cabbage, Egg, Milk and
milk products.
• Deficiency disease: Hemorrhage
(blood does not clot)
• Symptoms: Loss of excessive blood
even for a small wound

17. Minerals
• Nutrients: Iodine
• Food source: Milk,
Iodized Salt, Prawn,
Crab
• Deficiency disease:
Goitre
• Symptoms:
Inflammation in neck

18. • Nutrients: Calcium
• Food source : Milk, Fish,
Wheat, Green Gram
• Deficiency disease:
Disintegration of bones
and teeth
• Symptoms : Weak
bones and teeth.

19. • Nutrients: Iron
• Food source: Meat,
Apple, Greens, Dates
• Deficiency disease:
Anaemia
• Symptoms: Body
fatigue, Giddiness.