Microteaching is a teacher training technique developed in 1963 at Stanford University as a scaled-down teaching experience to develop specific skills in a safe, low-risk environment. It involves teaching a small group of 5-10 students for 5-15 minutes, focusing on one skill at a time, such as questioning or explaining. Immediate feedback is provided to help teachers improve. The goals are to develop teacher confidence, identify strengths and weaknesses, and provide practice implementing skills before full classroom teaching. Microteaching uses various techniques including modeling, practice, observation, feedback to help strengthen core teaching skills.
Project method is one of the modern method of teaching in which, the students point of view is given importance in designing the curricula and content of studies. This method is based on the philosophy of Pragmatism and the principle of ‘Learning by doing’. In this strategy pupils perform constructive activities in natural condition. A project is a list of real life that has been imparted into the school. It demands work from the pupils.
Project method is one of the modern method of teaching in which, the students point of view is given importance in designing the curricula and content of studies. This method is based on the philosophy of Pragmatism and the principle of ‘Learning by doing’. In this strategy pupils perform constructive activities in natural condition. A project is a list of real life that has been imparted into the school. It demands work from the pupils.
This model guides teachers to go to the depth of the content. And helps students to attain new concepts. So the model has a great attribute on teaching -learning process.
Continuous and Comprehensive EvaluationS. Raj Kumar
Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation(CCE) refers to a system of school-based evaluation of students that covers all aspects of students’ development.
It is a developmental process 0f assessment which emphasizes on two fold objectives.
Introduction Skill is a microteaching skill as its an important skill which helps the future teachers, that how to make an effective introduction of a content or a topic while teaching in classroom.
It discribes about what is unit plan, definition of unit plan, Characteristics of a Good Unit, Steps in Unit Planning - i. Content analysis, ii. Objectives and specifications, iii. Learning activities & iv. Testing procedures. MODEL UNIT PLANNING, Advantages of Unit Planning & CONCLUSION.
This model guides teachers to go to the depth of the content. And helps students to attain new concepts. So the model has a great attribute on teaching -learning process.
Continuous and Comprehensive EvaluationS. Raj Kumar
Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation(CCE) refers to a system of school-based evaluation of students that covers all aspects of students’ development.
It is a developmental process 0f assessment which emphasizes on two fold objectives.
Introduction Skill is a microteaching skill as its an important skill which helps the future teachers, that how to make an effective introduction of a content or a topic while teaching in classroom.
It discribes about what is unit plan, definition of unit plan, Characteristics of a Good Unit, Steps in Unit Planning - i. Content analysis, ii. Objectives and specifications, iii. Learning activities & iv. Testing procedures. MODEL UNIT PLANNING, Advantages of Unit Planning & CONCLUSION.
In this presentation introduction of Micro-teaching has been given along with description of two micro-teaching skills: Skill of Introducing the Lesson and Skill of Stimulus Variation.
THIS SLIDE MAINLY PRESENTS THE IMPORTANCE OF MICRO TEACHING.AND IT INCLUDE OBJECTIVES,TEACHING SKILLS,MICRO TEACHING SKILLS,STEPS IN MICRO TEACHING SKILLS ETC.
Dr. T.ARUL MOZHI VALAVAN,
M.Sc., M.Phil., SET. (Life Sci.), M.Sc., M.Ed., NET. (Edu.), Ph.D.,
Assistant Professor of Education
Department Of Education
Marudupandiyar College of Education
Thanjavur - 613403
Meaning & Definition of Population & Sampling, Types of Sampling - Probability & Non-Probability Sampling Techniques, Characteristics of Probability Sampling Techniques, Types of Probability Sampling Techniques, Characteristics of Non-Probability Sampling Techniques, Types of Non-Probability Sampling Techniques, Errors in Sampling, Size of sample, Application of Sampling Technique in Research
Theories of Motivation - Instincts Theories, Drive – Reduction Theories, Arousal Theory, Incentive Theory, Opponent-Process Theory, Cognitive Theories - Expectancy-Value Theory, Cognitive Dissonance Theory, Attribution Theory, Equity Theory, Social Cognitive Theory - Maslow’s Hierarchy, ERG Theory, Motivation-Hygiene Theory, Theory X and Theory Y, Acquired Needs Theory, Neo-Freudian Theories - Individual Psychology of Alfred Adler, Analytical Psychology Of Carl J Jung, Carl Rogers, Gestalt theory, Kurt Koffka Theory, Erik Erikson's Stages of Psychosocial Development, Karen Horney – Neurotic Relationships, Harry Stack-Sullivan – Selective Inattention, Erich Fromm – Choice of Freedom, The Social Unconscious Orientations, Type A,B, C and D Personalities, Behavioural, Cognitive And Humanistic Perspectives, Temperamental Theories of Personality - Gordon Allport, Ancient Theories of Temperament, Hierarchy of Traits And Super-Factors, Self-report Measures, Projective Techniques
Meaning, Definition, Factor Theories, Two-Factor Theory, Theory of Primary Mental Abilities, The Structure of Intellect Theory, Process Theories, Multiple Intelligence, Triarchic Theory of Intelligence, Assessment of intelligence, intelligence tests, Raven’s Progressive Matrices, Culture-fair intelligence tests, Extremes of Intelligence, Mental Retardation, Intellectual Giftedness, Triarchic Theory of Giftedness, Characteristics of Giftedness
Pedagogy of the Oppressed, Banking Model of Education. Transmission model, Needs in the Ethic of care model, Vindication of the Rights of Men, Vindication of the Rights of Woman, Balhatya Pratibandhak Griha
Social Brain, Signs of Social Intelligence, Strategies to Develop Social Intelligence, Emotional Intelligence, Components of Emotional Intelligence, How Emotional Intelligence Is Measured, Impact of Emotional Intelligence
Nature of Guidance, Need for Guidance, Principles of Guidance, Types of Guidance, Guidance Services in Schools, Vocational Guidance, Principles of Counselling, Types of Counselling, Professional Ethics of a Counsellor, Guidance Vs Counselling
Characteristics of Critical Thinking, Importance of Critical Thinking, Elements of Critical Thinking Process, Principles of Critical Thinking, Types of Critical Thinking, Critical Thinking Skills, Critical Thinking Barriers
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
2. MICROTEACHING
• Term first coined by
A.W.Dwight Allen of the
Standford University in 1963
• Training Technique
• Innovating method of teaching
3. SCALING – DOWN TECHNIQUE
• Class is reduced to 5 to 10 pupils
• Time is reduced from 30 or 35
minutes to 5-15
• Size of the content is reduced
• Only one teaching skill is
practiced at a time
4. DEFINITION
• Allen,D.W. (1966)
• “Microteaching is a scaled down teaching
encounter in class size and class time”
• Passi, B.K. (1976)
• “The most important point in
microteaching is that teaching is practiced
in terms of definable, observable,
measurable and controllable teaching
skills”
5. OBJECTIVES OF MICROTECHING
• To lessen the complexities that exist in micro
classes
• To develop confidence in student-teachers with
adequate motivation
• To practice teaching in a short duration of time
• To identify the deficiencies of the student-
teachers
• To give immediate feedback to enable them to
modify their teaching behaviour
• To encourage researchers identify new teaching
skills and develop new teaching-training
programmes
6. IMPORTANT FEATURES OF
MICROTEACHING
Micro element
Technical skills of teaching and
teaching strategies
The feedback element
Safe practice grounds
The teaching ‘models’
The research laboratory
7. CHARATERISTICS OF MICROTEACHING
• It is an experiment in the field of teacher
education
• Skill training technique and not a teaching
technique
• It is a scaled down teaching technique
• Provides immediate feedback – peer group
feedback, tape recorded/CCTV recorded version
etc
• Advocated the choice and practice of one skill at
a time
• Highly individualized training device
9. PHASES OF MICROTEACHING
• Observe Demonstration skill
• Analyze and Discuss Demonstration
KNOWLEDGE
ACQUISITION PHASE
(PRE-ACTIVE PHASE)
• Prepare Micro lesson
• Practice Skill
• Provide Feedback
SKILL ACQUISITION
PHASE
(INTER-ACTIVE PHASE)
• Transfer of skill to actual Teaching situation
TRANSFER PHASE
(POST-ACTIVE PHASE)
10. STEPS INVOLVED IN MICROTEACHING
Orientation
Discussion of Teaching Skills
Selection of a particular teaching skill
Presentation of model demonstration
lesson
Observation of the model lesson and
criticism
Preparation of Micro lesson plan
11. Practice of the Skill as Teach Session
Providing feedback on Feedback
sessions
Replanning/Replan Session
Reteaching/Reteach Session
Providing Re-feedback/Refeedback
Session
Integration of teaching Skills
12. SOURCES OF FEEDBACK
• Oral feedback of the laboratory
supervisor
• Questionnaires filled in by the pupils
learning in the micro lesson
• Audiotape-recordings
• Videotape-recording
14. ROLE OF SUPERVISOR
• Developing ability to perform a skill
• To understand the application of skill
• Working with trainee
• Visiting schools
• Supervising the lesson
• Evaluating the lesson
15. AIDS AND APPARATUS
• Observation schedule (check - list)
• Cassette tape-recorder
• Video-tape recorder
• Close circuit television
• A movie film
• One-way screen
• Two-monitors
17. MERITS OR ADVANTAGES
• Easing the complexities of normal classroom
teaching
• More manageable than classroom teaching
• Focuses on particular skills
• All observable, demonstrable and quantifiable skills
• Conducive and healthy atmosphere
• Immediate feedback
• Caters to the individual differences
• Helps in reducing time and energy
• Modification of behaviour and learning of specific
tasks occurs
18. LIMITATIONS
• Costly
• Narrow scope
• Disturbs existing time-table
• Presentation in parts
• Difficulty in actual practice
• Feedback requires equipments – without that
it cannot be successful
• Requires trained, competent teacher
educators
• Skill-oriented and not have any provisions for
content orientation
• Microteaching alone is not sufficient
19. Comparison between Microteaching
and Traditional Teaching
MICROTEACHING TRADITIONAL CLASSROOM
TEACHING
1. Relatively simple 1. Complex activity
2. Controlled laboratory situation 2. Uncontrolled actual classroom situation
3. 5 to 10 students 3. 35 to 40 students
4. One skill at a time 4. Several skills at a time
5. 5 to 10 minutes 5. 40 to 50 minutes
6. Immediate feedback 6. No immediate feedback
7. Provision for reteaching 7. No provision for reteaching
8.Gains confidence 8. Tensed and scared
20. MICROTEACHING SKILLS
• Allen and Ryan – 14 skills
• Singh (1970) – 22 skills
• Menon, et al (1983) – 74 skills
• Dr.B.K.Passi (1975) – 13 skills
21. Skill of Introduction
Skill of Explaining
Skill of Questioning
Skill of Demonstration
Skill of Reinforcement
Skill of Closure
Skill of Stimulus Variation
Skill of Blackboard
22. SKILL OF INTRODUCING THE LESSON
Utilization of previous experience
Use of appropriate devices and techniques -
Questioning, Narration, Story Telling, Demonstration
Using audio-visual aids,
Dramatization,
Use of examples
Maintenance of continuity in the ideas and
information
Relevancy of verbal or non-verbal behaviour
26. SKILL OF TYPES OF QUESTIONS
• Lower order questions – answers
as such in textbooks
• Middle order questions – answers
in own words and sentences
• Higher order questions – answers
in the form of application
27. SKILL OF PROBING QUESTIONS
• Prompting techniques
• Seeking further information
• Refocusing
• Redirection
• Increasing critical awareness
29. SKILL OF BLACKBOARD
• Legible Hand Writing
• Neatness in Writing
• Orderliness in Writing
• Variation in Writing
• Appropriateness
• Adequacy of the Black board work with
reference with content covered
• Continuity and Relevancy in Writing
• Underline the important points and use of
colour chalk
• Use of Charts/Tables/Diagrams/Pictures
30. SKILL OF DEMONSTRATION
• Clear objective
• Relevant equipments
• Apparatus handling techniques
• Techniques in arranging the apparatus
• Student participation
• Blackboard usage
• Giving explanation
31. • Visibility
• Pointing to Details
• Focusing Attention
• Manipulation of various parts
• Clarity of Explanation
• Sequencing the Demonstration
• Using Precautions
32. SKILL OF
ILLUSTRATING WITH EXAMPLES
• Concrete Examples
• Interesting Example
• Relevant Examples
• Appropriate Media
33. SKILL OF REINFORCEMENT
• DESIRABLE BEHAVIOURS
Positive verbal reinforcement
Positive Extra-verbal reinforcement
Positive non-verbal reinforcement
Use of Extra-verbal cues
Repeating and rephrasing
Writing pupil’s answer
34. • UNDESIRABLE BEHAVIOURS
Use of negative verbal reinforcements
Negative non-verbal reinforcements
Wrong use of reinforcements
Inappropriate use of reinforcement
35. SKILL OF ACHIEVING CLOSURE
• Revision
• Recapitulation
• Remarks
• Blackboard Summary
• Home Assignment
36. SKILL OF STIMULUS VARIATION
MOVEMENTS
GESTURES
CHANGE IN SPEECH PATTERN
FOCUSING – VERBAL, GESTURAL, VERBAL & GESTURAL
CHANGE IN INTERACTION STYLE - 3
PAUSING
ORAL VISUAL SWITCHING
37. LINK LESSON
• Bridging the gap between
microteaching and macroteaching
• Link lesson practice
• Integration of all the skills
• 20 students, 20 minutes
38. LINK LESSON
PARTICULARS MICRO
TEACHING
LINK PRACTICE MACRO
TEACHING
TIME 5 TO 10 MTS 20 TO 25 MTS 40 TO 45 MTS
CLASS-SIZE 5 TO 10
STUDENTS
20 TO 25
STUDENTS
40 AND ABOVE
STUDENTS
NO. OF SKILLS 1 SKILL 3 TO 4 SKILLS ALL THE SKILLS
NO. OF
CONCEPTS
ONE TWO OR
THREE
MANY